005某些语法现象的译法.ppt

1、某些语法现象的译法,动词被动语态的译法 动词不定式的译法 分词的译法 由which引导的宾语从句的译法 宾语、表语、定语、状语的译法 词类转译和句子成分转换 长句的译法,A）由Which引导的限制性定于从句对前述词的修饰关系比较密切，这种定语从句一般可译成汉语的定语或作定语用的主谓结构等。 Practice is the only source from which comes our knowledge. The force which we need to change the motion of the body is proportional to the mass of the bo

2、dy. B）由which引导的定语从句表示句子的主要意义，句子较短时可把主句译成主语词组，which省略不译，从句的谓语译成整句的谓语 In general, metals are very heavy, but there are some metals which are lighter than water. Plasticity of metals is among the properties which make them so useful in industry.,由Which引导的定语从句的译法,由Which引导的定语从句在科技英语中使用得相当广泛，翻译方法需根据其在句中所起

3、的作用，结合上下文来确定。,C）由which引导的非限制性定语从句，对前述词修饰关系不太密切，其译法根据与主句的关系来确定。 Which从句若仅仅补充说明前述词，则可以把从句译成分句，which译成“它、它们”或重复所说明的词。 Salt is kind of compound, which is composed of sodium and chlorine. Ultrasonic sounds produce pulsed signals, by means of which various defects in metals can be detected. 由which引导的非限制性定

4、语从句，在意义上若与整个主句发生关系，从句可译成分句，which译成“这” The production of steel, coal and grain has greatly risen, which plays an important part in our socialist construction. Some metals are better conductors of electricity than others, which means hat the former have atoms that contain more free electrons than the

5、latter.,由Which引导的定语从句的译法,C）由which引导的非限制性定语从句，对前述词修饰关系不太密切，其译法根据与主句的关系来确定。 由which引导的非限制性定语从句，若仅对前述词作补充说明，译成汉语有时可加括号作为先行词的注释，which译成所说明的名词或“其 ”。 The feedback voltage is proportionate to the product of the division reference voltage E2 and t/T, which is the ratio of the blocking oscillator output pulse

6、 width “t” and the period thereof “T”. 由which引导的定语从句在意义上与主句成对比，可译成分句，并在分句前加“而”字。 This heat energy, in turn, can be changed into electrical energy, which , when it is used for several purposes, may be changed either into light and heat energy, or into chemical energy. D）由which引导的从句，在意义上更接近于状语时，可根据其在句

7、中所起的作用，译成相应的汉语状语。 The diode chip is coated with a thin layer of hard glass which eliminates the need for a hermetically sealed package.,由Which引导的定语从句的译法,give sb. the sack at a loose end,Idioms,Riddles,2. Q: Who is closer to you, your mom or your dad?,A: Mom is closer, because dad is farther.,A: Beca

8、use it cant see both sides at once.,1. Q: Why does a cat look first to one side and then to the other side when it enters a room?,Humor,Writing a Composition One day in class, the teacher assigned his students to write a composition - If I Am a Manager. All the students began to write except a boy.

9、The teacher went to him and asked the reasons.,I am waiting for my secretary, was the boys answer.,Homework Please translate the paragraph below in Chinese 1. A magnetic field is a region in which magnetic substances experience magnetic force. 2. During the generator operation it is necessary to che

10、ck the temperature of bearing, which must not exceed 80C. 3. Rubber is a light , elastic, durable and water-resistant material, which makes rubber industry very important. 4. The tool slide, of which the travel is 150mm (6) at maximum, is moved 4mm for one revolution of the tool slide handle (M3). 5

11、. Metal can bear high temperature, which wood cant. 6. Metals, which have more important properties than any other material, find a greater use in industry.,Homework Please translate the paragraph below in Chinese 6.Checking of the assembly is recorded in a certificate containing the values measured according to para.5.1 to 5.4. 7. Having learned the particularity of semiconductors, we can use them to make various tyes of electronic devices. 8. The stock being too hard, the drill could not work efficiently. 9. Arranging chemical elements according to their atomic weights,