口译课堂笔记

1、口译课堂笔记1998 年城镇居民的收入和消费水平发生了很大的变化，人年均收入达到5160 元，比上一年上升了3.4%。In 1998, great changes took place in the income and consumption levelsof urban residents. The yearly average incomeamounted to 5,160 yuan,increased by 3.4% thanthat ofthe previous year.工人和职员在国营和集体企业里的收入仍是家庭的主要收入。从事科技工作的收入在全国 12 个主要行业中居第二位。 他

2、们的教育水平越高， 收入也相应增加。Incomes of workers and staffmembersin the state-owned enterprises andcollective work-unitsare still themainstay of families' income. Theincome of scientific and technology researchers stood second in 12maintrades in the country.Their incomes increaseaccording to theireducationl

3、evel.最近几年，城镇居民消费结构由温饱型向小康型转变。1998 年在服装上支出降低了 4.4%，食品的质量有了提高，粮食消费相应降低。生活节奏的加快促使了餐饮的社会化， 98 年居民外出用餐的比例上升了10.4%。In recent years, the consumptionpatternof urban residents hastransformed from subsistenceto a comfortablelife.For instance,in 1998,the money spent on clothing was 4.4 percent less and the qua

4、lity of foodwas improved while theconsumption of grainrelatively reduced. Theaccelerating rhythm of lifehas encouraged more socialization infoodconsumption. In 1998, the rate ofpeople dining outincreased by 10.4%.浦东新区的崛起使这块黄金宝地成为海外投资的热点，如今投资金额已达 530 亿美金。The rising of Pudong New District has turned t

5、he valuable place into a hot destination of overseas investment . Nowadaysthe investment has reached 53 billion US dollars.volume2000 年，政府批准了1800 多家外资企业，在沪投资企业已达11000 家，据官方数据统计，已有90 多个国家和地区来沪投资。In 2000, government approved more than 1,800 foreign-funded enterprises and the number of them has amounte

6、d to 11,000 in Shanghai. Officialstatistics showed that more than 90 countries and regions had come to invest in Shanghai.独资企业solely-funded enterprise;合资企业 joint venture enterprise;中国要从发展中国家成为发达国家就必须大力发展第三产业。China must boost its tertiary industry to accomplish its transition from a developing countr

7、y to a developed country.虎丘山顶有一座7 层塔，由于明朝的地面沉降使塔身倾斜了塔成为苏州的著名景观。15 度。如今，这座There is a 7 stories pagoda at the top of Tiger Hill. Ming Dynasty caused it to slant to an angle of 15 degrees pagoda has become a famous scenic spot in Suzhou.The subsidence during. Today, the在上海 ,超过 50000 的妇女从事纺织，建材，食品加工，化妆品

8、和药品行业。In Shanghai, more than 50,000 women are engaged in fields of textile, building material, food procession, cosmetic and chemicals.建立于 1953 年的上海外国语学校是一所全日制寄宿学校， 它附属于上海外国语大学。Founded in 1953, Shanghai foreign language school is a full-time boarding school, which is affiliated to Shanghai Internati

9、onal Studies University.中国是一个具有悠久历史的多民族国家。因此有很多节日， 譬如春节，元宵节，中秋节，清明节，龙舟节等等。with a long history. Thus thereChina is a multi-ethnic group countryare a lot of festivals, such as Spring Festival,Lantern Festival,Mid-autumn Day, Pure-brightnessDay, Dragon-boatingFestivaland so on.中美两国在新世纪面临历史机遇， 两国之间的合作范围

10、广泛， 其实 1999 年双边贸易金额已达 650 万美金。China and US are facing historical opportunity in the new century. There is much these two countries can cope with. Actually in 1999, the sum of bilateral trades had reached 6.5 million US dollars.外国人钟情于吃尽可能少加工过的天然食物。Foreigners have shown particular interest in the natu

11、ral food that requires the least possible amount of procession.Phrases and Expressions:苏绣embroidery纺织工业textile industry1700 年历史the tradition of 1700 years山清 水秀 怪石beautiful mountain and lake, exotic rocks" 统得太死 "channel sb. too much美籍华人Chinese-Americans出租车站taxi stand家用电器household appliance这

12、家新建的四星级宾馆是一家中美合资企业。年它要招待许多来自海内外的游客。由于它的先进管理和周到服务，每The newly establishedfour-starhotel is a Sino-US jointventure . Becauseof itsadvanced administrationand good service,ithosts manyquests andtouristsof home and abroadevery year.自中国改革开放以来，我的家乡已经成为海内外投资的热点。Since China's reform and opening up to outs

13、ide world , our hometown has become the hot destination of both domestic and overseas investment.2000 年我家的人均收入达到 12500，比 1999 年上升了 4.8%，在教育与旅游上的消费分别上升了 8.7%和 5.9%。In 2000, the yearly average income of each person in our family hasreached 12,500 yuan, 4.8 percent higher than that of the previous year

14、. Meanwhile the money spent on education and tourism increased by 8.7 percent and 5.9 percent respectively .在我们公司，职员的收入取决于他的教育程度和对公司的贡献大小。In our company, the salaries of staff members are of their education levels and their contributionsdecided on the basis to the company.以前，国营企业职工的收入取决于职位，学历和工龄。In

15、previous years, the salaries of staff members in state-ownedenterprisesare decided onthe basis oftitle,education level andworking-age.自 1997 年以来，居住区领导努力发展服务行业，为 280 个下岗工人提供工作。去年该地区人均收入 9860 元，比前一年上升了 6.7%。Since 1997, leaders of this residential area have madegreat efforts to develop the service-sect

16、or , providing 280 jobs for the laid-off workers. Last year, the yearly average of each person of this area amounted to 9,860 yuan, 6.7 percent more than that of the previous year.自改革开放以来，该地区的领导很重视办学与教育。同时引进了不少刚从大学毕业的年轻人。Since China's reform and opening up to outside world policy ，leaders of thi

17、s area have attached great importance to schooling and education. Meanwhile, they have absorbed quite a few young people who have just graduated from colleges.我们的居住地已经成为一所老年大学。据统计，大约 75%的退休教师，医生，工程师发挥余热， 做出很大的贡献。 这不仅促进了社区工作的发展， 而且使居民间关系得益。A community college for the elderlyhas been established in ou

18、rresidential area. According to calculations, about 75 percent of theretired teachers, doctors and engineers teach here and havecontributeda lot, which hasnot onlypromoted the development of our community workbut alsobenefitedthe relationship among the residents.中国的知识分子特别是年轻的知识分子从改革开放政策中受益非浅。从 1998

19、年至今，许多人公费或自费出国深造。 近年来，他们中的许多人学成回国并在各自的领域走上了领导岗位。Chinese intellectuals especially young intellectuals have benefited a lot from the China's reform and opening up to outside world policy. Started from 1978, manyof them went abroad for further study at the public expense or at their own . In recent

20、 years, many of them have come back at the completion of their study and become leaders in their own fields.大华大学是一所成立于90 年代初的民办大学。业生正活跃在上海地区各自的领域。10 年来，培养了 2000 多名毕Dahua University is anon-government college, which was established inthe early 1990s'. In the recent ten years, it hascultivatedmore

21、 than2,000 graduates who are working hardattheir own fields in Shanghai.并非所有的精神病医院的护士都是女性，通常的男女比例是2比1。Allnurses in the mental hospitals arenot female and in some casestheratio of male to female is 2 to 1.器官的移植不仅需要精确的外科手术而且要有稳定的器官来源。The transplantation of organs not only involves delicate also needs

22、regular supply of human organs.surgery butPhrases and Expressions:公务员civil servant贫困落后backward没有余地做某事。There's no ground for自力更生self-reliance交通量 volume of traffic经济特区special economic zone市政建设public project赢利 win a profit of立场和观点stands of points知青educated young people信息高速公路与传播服务研讨会将如期举行，你被选为主要发言人。

23、The seminar on information superhighway and communication service be held as scheduled and you've been chosen as the keynote speakerwill.上海是中国经济，金融，贸易，科技，信息，文化的中心。上海作为一个历史文化名城，以其海派文化吸引了海内外数以千计的游客。同时上海也是美食家的天堂，尤其是其本帮菜非常受欢迎。Shanghai is China's center of economy, finance, trade, science andtech

24、nology,informationand culture.As a famous historicaland culturalcity, Shanghai has attracted thousands of touristsboth from home andabroad with its regional and cultural tradition. Meanwhile Shanghai isalso a paradise for gourmets, especially the local cuisines are very popular . 上海被誉为 " 万国建筑博览

25、会 " ，最吸引人的建筑作品是外滩的高楼大厦，黄浦江畔的东方明珠也是游客常去的地方。 登上观光层眺望， 无限风光， 尽收眼底。Shanghai is crowned as the exhibition of world architectures . The most attractive architecture works are the high buildings in the Bund. Oriental Pearl TV Tower standing by Huangpu River is also a frequent tourist destination. When

26、 standing in the sightseeing floor and looking around in a distance, you will enjoy the charming skyline of the city and admire the endless smoothing beauty of the city, which you'll find hard to turnaway from.根据我对中国轿车市场的调查， 680 个中国人中只有 1 个拥有轿车。这是一个极具潜力的市场。前不久，政府将关税由原来的 38%下降到 23%，我认为我们应该抓住这个机会打

27、入中国市场。According to the survey I made on China's automobile market, there's only one car for every 680 Chinese people . So it's a market of great potential . Recently, government has cut the tariff rate from 38 percent to 23 percent. I think it's a great opportunity for us to enter Ch

28、ina's automobile market.华东国际文化中心是上海著名的涉外的大学宾馆。它提供许多精致舒适的房间，都装有闭路卫星电视和中央空调。 它还提供多功能厅， 会议室，华丽的宴会厅以及娱乐中心和商务中心。EastChina InternationalCultureCenter is a famous universityShanghai, whichis authorized to accommodate foreign guests. Ithas/ offer s many elegant and comfortable room all equipped withclos

29、e-circuit satellite TVand central air-conditioner. It alsohas/ providesmultifunctional halls,conference rooms, splendidhallsas well asrecreation centersand business service centers.hotelinbanquet华东国际文化中心已经成功举办了许多重要的国内外会议。它是科技界，教育界，文艺界以及其他学术界来自海内外的专家学者理想的学术文化交流场所。East China International Culture Cent

30、er has successfully hosted many important domestic and international conferences. It is an ideal location of academic and culture exchange for experts and scholars from home and abroad in the fields of science and technology, education, entertainment and art as well as people with other professional

31、 backgrounds.我们对彼此的合作非常满意。双方公司都经历了最近的不景气并取得了可观的利润。我们希望和你们一同把合作推向新高。We are satisfied with our cooperation, both companysurvive d the recent recession and achieved a moderate profit . We are willing to make effort with your company to push our cooperation to a new height.上海以其独特魅力吸引了许多企业家和金融家前来投资取得了丰厚的

32、回报。在世纪之初，上海正迅速成长为世界经济力量， 上海金融业发展是以相当规模和影响的金融系统的成形为标志的。Shanghai'sunique charm has attractedmany entrepreneurs and financierto make investment andrewarded with high economic returns.At thebeginningof thiscentury,shanghai is growing rapidlyto becomea worldlyeconomic enforce.The development of Shang

33、hai's financial industry ismost spectacularwith a fairlylargeand influentialsystem of financialmarket coming into shape.全世界正在注视着在中国所发生的巨大变化，尤其是上海。如今，中国是全球经济增长最快的国家。 中国迅速崛起为亚太地区的经济强国已经吸引了无数有远见的海外投资者。The whole world is watching the great changes taking place in Chinaespecially in Shanghai. Now Chi

34、na is a country with fastest growing economy in the world. China's rapid rise as one of the strongest economic power in the Asia-pacific region has attracted innumerous overseas investors with broad vision .瑞士地处欧洲的心脏，其西面是法国，北面是德国，东面是奥地利，南面是意大利。这些国家多年来对瑞士的历史，文化以及语言都有着重要的作用。Switzerland lies at the

35、 heart of Europe. To its west is France, to its north is Germany, to its east is Austria and to its south is Italy. These countries have had a great influence on Switzerland in the fields of history, culture and language.瑞士占地面积为 41288 平方公里，美丽的湖光山色每年吸引许多游客。阿尔卑斯山是世界上最高的山脉，即使是在夏季也有很多登山者来登高。Switzerland

36、covers an area of 41,288 square kilometers. The magnificent lake and mountain scenery attracts many tourists every year. The Alps are the highest ranges in the world, which are very popular amongclimbersand hill walkers even in summer.伯恩是瑞士的首都，苏黎士是瑞士最大的城市，日内瓦是瑞士的经济和文化中心。由于瑞士的气候不适宜农业种植，所以大多数食物都需要进口。B

37、erne is the capital of Switzerland,Zurichis the largest city inSwitzerlandand Genevais the center of Swiss economyand culture.Becausethe climate of Switzerland is not favorable for agriculture, most of its food needs to be imported.制造业是瑞士的重要产业。由于大多数原材料需要进口，所以不可能生产廉价商品。瑞士以其高质量高附加值的产品著称于世界。 尤其是钟表制造业，

38、据统计每年出口 2800 万多只手表。此外，瑞士还以其巧克力，奶酪以及银行业著名。Manufacturing is of great importance in Switzerland. Since most of its raw materials need to be imported, it cannot produce cheap products.Switzerlandearns a good reputation ofitshigh quality added valueproducts. Especially for its clock and watch making indu

39、stry, according to statistics, every year Switzerland exports more than 2,800 watches.In addition, Switzerland is famous for its chocolate, cheese and banking system.瑞士是国际金融中心。 1992 年以前，世界上任何人都可以在苏黎士和日内瓦开保密账户。银行提供对账户金额以及户主姓名的保密服务。 尽管如今不再有这种服务，仍吸引许多海外机构和个人投资，其主要原因是经济和货币的稳定。Switzerlandis an internatio

40、nalbanking center.Before the year of 1992,anyone in the worldcan open a confidential number accountin Zurich andGeneva. The bank willdisclosethe account of money held in theconfidential number account and the name of the account holder.Despitethe fact thatbanks no longer provide this kind of service

41、 nowadays, itstill attracts manyoverseas investments from corporations andindividuals. The main reason is the stabilityof itseconomy and currencyvalue .虽然瑞士没有加入联合国， 但许多联合国组织都在日内瓦设立总部， 比如国际原子能机构，世界劳工组织等等。Although Switzerland is not a member of United Nations, Geneva headquarters of many international

42、 organizations such as Agency, International Labor Organization etc.isAtomic Energy每个瑞士人都可以说好几种语言，如德语，法语，意大利语等等。瑞士政府很重视教育教学。瑞士有几所受人尊敬的具有悠久历史的高等学府。16 岁以前每个瑞士人都要接受义务教育。因此，文盲在瑞士是很少见的。 99%的瑞士人都能够阅读，这个数字即使在西方也是无与伦比的。Every Swiss can speak several languages like German, French, Italian and so on. Switzerla

43、nd government attaches great importance to teaching and schooling. There are several respectable institutions of higher learning with a long history in Switzerland. Every Swiss under 16-year-old should receive compulsory education . As a result, illiteracy is almost unheard of in Switzerland. 99 per

44、cent of Swiss can read. This figure is unmatched/unparalleled even in western countries.科教兴国战略是我国的一项基本国策。科技进步是经济发展的关键因素，而教育发展是科技进步的基础。我们相信经济竞争是科技的竞争，也是人才的竞争。The strategy of developing the country by relying on science andeducation is one of China's basic state policies. Scientific andtechnologic

45、al progress is a decisive factor in economy development.Education development is the foundation of scientific and technologicalprogress.Webelievethat economic competitionis a competitionof scienceand technology and a competition of talents.这次我们的访问是本着积极参与，扩大共识，增进互信，加强合作的目的，探讨双方未来的发展目标和指导方针。 中国一直十分重视发

46、展与贵国的关系， 并将全力支持贵国在国际事务中发挥积极的作用。Withthe purpose of engaging an activeparticipation,broadeningcommonground and mutual trust and strengthening further cooperation, we arecoming here to discussthe objectiveand guidelineof our development inthe future. China has attached a great importance to the develop

47、ment of the relationship between our two countries and we will in full supportof your positive role in international affairs.那些视力，听力，智力有缺陷的儿童也可以入学。Those children who have impaired eyesight or hearing or are mentally retarded can also go to special school.全国共有 182600 专职教师，实行职责聘任制。国家规定幼儿园，小学，初中教师分别必须要

48、有中师，大专和本科学历。There are 182,600 full-time teachers altogether, to whom professional appointment system is applied. It is stipulated by the state that theteachers in kindergarten, primary school and junior high school must hold diplomas of secondary normal school, junior college and university respecti

49、vely.上海建志于 1291 年，有 700 年的历史。面积6430 平方公里，有 14 个区， 6 个县。人口 1600 万，其中 999 万在市区。Founded in 1291, Shanghai has a history of 700 years. With an area of6430 square kilometers, it has 14 districts, 6 counties. It has apopulationof 16 million,amongwhich 9 million9 hundred and ninetypeopleare living in urban

50、 area proper.Phrases and Expressions:卫生public health婴儿死亡率infant morality rate寿命lifeexpectancy全面计划德高望重comprehensive scheme人才辈出of noble characters and prestigea galaxy of talents50 年来，各类学校培养了大量的专业人员和劳动力。高等学府共培养了4 万名毕业研究生， 78 万名本科生和大专生。各中等技术学校培养了120 万专业和技术人才。据统计， 98 年雇佣劳动力的平均受教育的年数超过11 年，这些数字在国内处于领先地位。

51、Over the past 50 years,schools at alllevelshave traineda largenumberof professionalsand workers.Institutionsof high learninghave educated40,000 postgraduates, 780,000 undergraduates and junior collegegraduates. Secondary vocational schools have brought up 1,200,000technicians and skilled workers. Ac

52、cording to the survey of 1998, amongthe employees, the average length of schooling is over 11 years. Thesefigures hit the country's peak.98 年全市高校教师有25000 人，博士生导师750 人，占全国的 13.9%。 78 年至今，公派出国人数为18000 人。In1998, there are 25,000 fulltime teachers in collegesand universities,750 of whom are supervis

53、ors for doctoral degree candidates, accountingfor13.9 percentof the whole country.Since 1978, therehave been 18,000people sent abroad at the expense of the government.本市共有 15000 名专职从事研究开发人员， 44000 人从事科研活动，有国家级，部级，省级，市级重点实验室 40 个， 3 个国家级工程研究中心和 389 个研究所。 There're 15,000 full time personnel engage

54、d in research and development, 44,000 personnel participated in scientific and technological activities. There're 40 labs at the state, ministerial, provincial and city levels, 3 state engineering research center and 389 research institutions.近 5 年来，高校取得了 4500 多项科研成果，其中转让了 1500 项；获省市级以上的奖励 1300 多项，在国内外期刊上发表了 5 万篇论文。In the recent 5 years, there have been more than 4,500 research products achieved in colleges and universities, among which 1,500 products havebeen transferred. Over 1300 products have won awards at state andprovincial levels or above. 50,000 theses and papers have