C620车床主轴结构改造设计外文翻译、中英文翻译、外文文献翻译

附录 C620 lathe main axle structure transformation design Ren Fu jun huang ru lin wang qun Abstract: The C620 lathe main axle front bearing, changes presents D3182120 rolling bearing structure by the original sliding bearing, its principal advantage is the rigidity is good, the rotational speed is high, and revolves, the rotation precision to be high steadily, the radial direction beats small, the thermostability to be good as well as the assembly technology capability is good. Enhances the product advantageously the working accuracy and the productivity, lengthens equipments service life, reduces the maintenance cost, raises the equipment utilization rate. Key word: Main axle, sliding bearing, rolling bearing, lubrication 1 transformation reason l the C620 lathe main axle front bearing is uses the sliding bearing structure, the spindle speed defined that in n max= in the 600r/min scope, this kind of bearing in high-speed cuttings situation, the bearing is extremely easy to give off heat, the temperature reaches as high as 70 oC； Sped up bearings natural attrition obviously under this condition, thus reduced main axles service life, causes the main axle rotation precision gradual reduction, the very great degree has affected the working accuracy and the production benefit. Because sliding bearings material uses ZQSn6-6-3 generally, the service is complex, the axis blows grinds requests high, the technical difficulty is big, the maintenance cost is also high. Simultaneously the bearing clearance adjustment difficulty, the gap is oversized, the working accuracy reaches does not request； The gap is too small, will appear gives off heat even forms the stuffy vehicle phenomenon. is solves the above malpractice, the sliding bearing changes rolling bearings structure before the original main axle, simultaneously enhances the spindle speed to n max=900r/min, made the obsolete equipment to enhance the rigidity and the rotation precision, raised equipments use factor. 2 transformation process in does not affect the main axle other shafting components structure under the premise to open the original front bearing, and carries on the remanufacture processing to the original front bearing hole and the main axle. Like Figure 1, shown in Figure 2, and designs the axis front bearing which manufacture as shown in Figure 3. Its structure by the main axle, the end cover, the clamp, the shell, the bearing, the adjusting washer, the bolt, the stopping nut and so on is composed. This structure selected the D3182120 double row centripetal cylindrical roller bearing to transform the C620 lathe main axle front bearing structure, its principal advantage was: The rigidity is good, the rotational speed is high, and revolves steadily, the rota tion precision is high, the radial direction beat is small, the thermostability is good as well as assembly technology capability good and so on characteristics. Just before the transformation, must inspect the headstock, the main axle hole size whether ca n transform. main axle hole Figure 1 after transformation front bearing hole Figure 2 after transformation main axle Figure 3 after transformation main axle front bearing 1 main axle 2 end cover 3.Clamp 4 shell 5.bearing 6,7.Gasket 8.bolt 9. stopping nut Meets the bearing outer diameter D=150mm size requirement, and inspects the main axle axle diameter whether can transform bearing inside diameter d=100mm the size, when the two meet the above requirement, then begins to arrange the transformation work. 2.1 headstock main axle front bearing hole transformation In order to guarantee lathe main axle hole and rolling bearing outer rings grade of fit, when processing should follow the basic shaft system the principle, and arranges on the clang bed to carry on the clang hole processing to the headstock front bearing hole. This work must be very careful, achieves the craft precision for the guarantee, truncates when the processing must the bearing hole carry on take the original main axle around as the datum adjusts, around definite main axle bearing hole proper alignment common difference in the 0.015mm scope, before and, main bearing hole aperture processing to 1500-0.022mm； Roundness tolerance. First should inspect the original main axle slipper the journal section size, because the remainder are not many, must grasp the machining allowance. Before the processing, prepares two 5 morse tapers beforehand the craft center end cover (e.g. Figure 4), inlays separately again the end cover before the main axle in the rear end awl hole, and grinds on carefully the end cover the 3mm center bore, then the arrangement on the precision high lathe, with the double thimbles method, carries on the lathe work, according to the bearing in the hole basic hole systems request, processes the main axle journal part the taper is 1: 12 (taper 4o4619 ) the size 100 requests (request to leave leeway grinding allowance). Simultaneously processes the M100X1.5 axis files adjustment thread separately again, in 1 M100X1.5 adjusting nut and 2 adjusting blocks, the addendum circle adjusting shim (request filling piece thickness leaves leeway sharpening quantity). Finished, carried on the abrasive machining again to the main axle journal part, met the main axle proper each requirements. Figure 4 before the main axle, bearing meck part transformation 3 assemblies and debugging The rotation stopping nut makes the end motion to the belt awls bearing inner rim along the main axle cone-shape then to realize the adjustment. Namely with spanner tight nut 9, when the hand makes an effort moves the main axle the main axle to be able to rotate automatically for 1-2 weeks, then explained that front bearings radial clearance has adjusted suitably, otherwise the showing gap oversized or is too small, then screws tight the bolt 8. Rear bearings regulation means and front bearings regulation means are the same. In order to increase main axles rotation precision, when assembly uses “the directional assembly” the principle carries on, guaranteed that the rotation precision in design requirements scope, achieves the re-equipping the goal. After around the bearing assembly, the adjustment finished, carried on 1h the fast idling experiment, the main shaft bearing temperature does not surpass 70oC, then explained that around the main axle the bearing adjustment was suitable. 4 reasonable lubrications (1)main shaft bearings reasonable lubrication is the main axle normal work reliable guarantee, must therefore pay attention to the fuel feed which the main axle front bearing lubricates. When the summer temperature is high, if the fuel feed are excessively many, not only on the bearing cannot cool and lubricate, because instead seriously stirs the phenomenon to cause the bearing elevation of temperature； If fuel feed too few, the bearing lubrication is insufficient, the temperature will also rise, therefore the fuel feed and the blow position had decided bearings reasonable lubrication, will guarantee bearings thermostability. (2) headstocks lubricating oil emigration storage in exterior, thus plays the cooling lubricating oil the role, forms coolant conditions which outside an individual circulates, guarantees main axles normal work. 5 increase the headstock spindle speed The replacement lathe driving pulley (belt pulley), increases the spindle speed by original n max=600r/min to n max=900r/min. Meets the requirements which the spindle speed enhances. Supposition rightful owner drive wheel outer diameter D1=120 , namely D1/D2= n1/n2120/D2=600/900 D2=180 , increases the driving pulley outer diameter to 180 . 6 conclusions After the re-equipping C620 lathe, its front bearing structure is reasonable, the adjustment is convenient, makes the main axle systems precision to enhance greatly, also enhanced the engine bed main axles service life, raised the production efficiency and the product working accuracy effectively, to a great extent reduced equipments maintenance cost, made the old engine bed to enhance the use value, to raised enterprises economic efficiency to have the important meaning. C620 车床主轴结构改造设计 任福君 黄如林 汪群 摘要 :将 C620型车床主轴前轴承，由原来的滑动轴承改为现在的 D3182120滚动轴承结构，其主要优点是刚性好、转速高且运转平稳、回转精度高、径向跳动小、热稳定性好以及装配工艺性好。有利提高产品的加工精度和生产率，延长 设备的使用寿命，降低维修费用，提高设备利用率 。 关键词 :主轴 、 滑动轴承 、 滚动轴承 、 润滑 1 改造原因 C6 20型车床主轴前轴承系采用滑动轴承结构，主轴 转速限定在 n max= 600r/min范围内，此种轴承在高速切削的情况下，轴承极易发热，温度高达 70 oC；在这种状态下显然加快了轴承的自然磨损，从而缩短了主轴的使用寿命，导致主轴回转精度的逐渐降低，很大程度影响了加工 精度和生产效益。 由于滑动轴承的材料一般采用 ZQSn6-6-3，维修复 杂，轴的刮研要求高，技术难度大，维修成本又高。同时轴 承间隙调整困难，间隙过大，加工精度达不要求 ；间隙过小，会出现发 热甚至形成闷车现象。 为解决以上弊端，将原来主轴前滑动轴承改为滚动 轴承的结构，同时将主轴转速提高到 n max=900r/min，使陈 旧的设备提高了刚性和回转精度，提高设备的利用率。 2 改造过程 在不影响主轴其它轴系零件结构的前提下拆原前 轴承，并对原前轴承孔和主轴进行改制加工。如图 1、图 2所示，并设计制造如图 3所示的轴前轴承。其结构由主 轴、端盖 、压板、 壳体、轴承、调 整垫圈、螺钉、锁紧螺母等组成。该结构选用 了 D3182120双 列向心圆柱滚子轴承来改造 C620型车床主 轴前轴承结构，其主要优点是 :刚性好，转速高 且运转平稳，回转精度高，径向跳动小，热稳定性好以及装配工艺性好等特点。 改造前须检查主轴箱前主轴孔的尺寸是否可改造成。 符合轴承外径 D=150mm的尺寸要求，并检查主轴轴径是否可改造成轴承内径d=100mm的尺寸，当二者均符合上述要求时，即可着手安排改造工作。 2.1 主轴箱主轴前轴承孔的改造 为保证车床主轴孔与滚动轴承外环的配合精度，加 工时应遵循基轴制的原则，并安排在铿床上对主轴箱前轴承孔进行铿孔加工。此项工作须十分仔细，为保证达到 工艺精度，幢削加工时必须以原主轴前后轴承孔为基准进行找正，确定主轴前 后轴承孔的同轴度公差在 0.015mm范围内，并将前主轴承孔孔径加工至1500-0.022mm ；圆 度公差 =0.012mm；圆柱度公差 =0.01mm及其粗糙度为 Ra1.6的要求 (如图 1)02.2 主轴前轴颈部分的改造 首先应检查原主轴滑动部分的轴颈段的尺寸，因