阅读理解的问题类型.doc

阅读与理解一篇文章 几个段落 多个句子句子的成分与意义谁、说了或做了什么事、在什么情况下、出于什么目的、通过什么方式、对什么人、有什么结果或意义/影响WhoSay / DoWhat / WhichWhen / WhereWhy (purpose)How (way, means)WhomWhat (results)What (significance)主语谓语宾语时间/地点状语目的状语方式状语间接宾语结果状语段落阅读 段落由几个意义相联系的句子组成。 句子由主语、谓语、宾语、状语、定语、补足语等成分组成。(这些成分通过一定的语法规则表达这样一个信息：“谁出于什么原因、在什么情况下、以什么方式、对什么对象说了或做了什么、产生什么结果、有什么意义”。) 词汇与语法规则是理解句子信息的两个前提。 句子信息的重心在句子的后半部分。 1) The earthquake destroyed all the farm houses in the village. 2) All the farm houses in the village were destroyed by the earthquake. 段落通过演绎法或归纳法展开。 从概括到具体 从具体到概括 句子之间的联系还通过各种逻辑意义的连接纽带(connector)来表示。这些连接纽带可以看成是“信号词”，读者通过这些“信号词”很快了解文章展开的思路。表示例证连接纽带： For example, for instance, such as表示语义补充的连接纽带：Also, besides, furthermore,in addition, moreover, whats more表示语义等同的连接纽带： likewise, similarly, in the same way, that is, in other words, 表示对比转折的连接纽带： but, instead, however, nevertheless, though, whereas, on the contrary, on the other hand表示结果和推论的连接纽带： as a result, as a consequence, for this reason, so, therefore, 表示总结归纳的连接纽带： all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summery, to sum up, 阅读理解中会问哪些问题？（2种类型、12个方面、35种问法）A. 总体问题1. 什么是段落的主旨大意？2. 什么是作者的意图、观点、态度？3. 从文章中可以作出什么推断？4. 从文章中可以得出什么结论？B. 细节问题5. 什么说法是对或错的？6. 举例想要说明什么？7. 词汇、短语什么意思？8. 原因是什么？9. 结果是什么？10. 是什么人或事？11. 用什么方式？12. 是什么功能或目的？A. 总体问题1. 什么是段落主旨大意？1) What is the main idea of the passage? 2) The passage is mainly about _.3) The passage mainly discusses _.4) Which of the following is the major point of the passage?2. 什么是作者的意图、观点、态度？5) What is the authors attitude towards? A) Critical. B) Prejudiced. C) Indifferent. D) Positive.6) The authors attitude towardscould be described as _.A) doubtful B) critical C) cautious D) supportive7) To the writer, the fact thatis seen as _.8) The passage is meant to _.9) What is the authors purpose in writing this article?3. 可以作出什么推断？10) What can be inferred from the passage? 11) We can infer from the passage that _.12) It is implied in the first paragraph that _.4. 可以得出什么结论？13) It can be concluded from the passage that _ .14) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? 15) What is Martines conclusion about?B. 各类细节题5. 什么说法是对或错的？16) Which of the following statements is true of?17) Which of the following statements NOT true of ?6. 举例想要说明什么？18) The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate that _.19) The author uses the example of to show that _.20) We can learn from the Kimberly case that _.7. 词汇、短语是什么意思？21) The word “imperative” (Line 6, Para.1) most probably refers to something _.22) The word courtesy (line 8, Para. 4) probably means _.23) In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Lines 3, Para. 3) probably means _. 8. 原因是什么？24) Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?25) Some people dislike exercise because _.26) The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _. 27) The reason why is that _.9. 结果是什么？28) The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to _.9. 是什么人或事？29) Who can benefit from business competition?30) According to the passage, what is31) If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is _.11. 用什么方式？31) How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?32) Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _.12. 是什么功能或目的？33) The main function of the shell is _.34) The purpose of George Spilichs experiments is _.35) High corporate leaders seem to be in favor of promoting diversity so as to _.Choose the best answer to each question.1. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _ was to be expected. A) that B ) what C) so D ) as 2. _ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as man. A) Much as B ) Only C) If only D) As much3. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, _ they have no schedules to keep. A) even though B) forC) as if D) since 4. We booked rooms at the hotel _ we should find no vacancies on our arrival. A) whenever B) ifC) since D) lest5. She had a tense expression on her face, _ she were expecting trouble. A) even though B) as thoughC) even as D) now that 6. Dont let the child play with scissors _ he cuts himself. A) in case B) so that C) now that D) only if7. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He _ have driven so fast. A) cant B) wouldntC) shouldnt D) mustnt8._ much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remain largely in the realm of assumption. A) Because B) For C) Since D) While9. He said that the driver must have had an accident; otherwise he _ by then.A) would have arrived B) must have arrived C) should arrive D) would arrive10.It is high time that such practices _. A) are ended B) be ended C) were ended D) must be ended 11. _ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity. A) While B) AsC) Whether D) Now that 12. The fire was finally brought under control, but not _ extensive damage had been caused. A) after B) beforeC) since D) as13. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert _ it means standing in a queue all night. A) provided B) whateverC) even if D) as if14. He was punished _ he should make the same mistake again. A) unless B) lestC) if D) provided15. _ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired. A) As B) OnceC) Although D) Lest16. _ difficulties we may come across, well help one another to overcome them. A) Wherever B) W