祈使句、感叹句课件.ppt

1、祈使句,by 夕夕,祈使句,用以表示请求、命令、劝告、建议、号召等。 句子结构和陈述句一样， 但是主语常为第二人称you，且省略。 谓语动词用原形， 否定结构用dont加动词原形。 句末用句号或者感叹号。,类型如下： 1、V型：动词原形 + 其他2、Be型： Be + 形容词 3、Let型：Let sb. + 其他 4、No型： No+ v-ing / n,注意：表示委婉、客气时，常加please(可放句首，句末)祈使句的否定形式：一般在句首加dontLet型的祈使句变否定句，可在句首加dont, 或在动词原形前加not,例句：1、Put those things back in their

2、places.把那些东西放回原处。2、Watch your steps.走路小心。3、Stand up.起立！4、Close the door!关上门！,5、在4的基础上加please表礼貌。Please close the door!请关门！Close the door,please!请关门！6、Be quiet, please.请安静。7、Be a good boy!要做一个好孩子！8、No parking.禁止停车。9、No smoking.禁止吸烟。,10、No litter!不准乱扔杂物！11、Do be careful.一定要小心！12、Dont move.别动。13、Dont b

3、e late.别迟到。14、Dont wait!别等了！15、Dont open the window!不要开窗！,16、Dont speak to me like that!别那样跟我说话！17、Dont look out of the window!不要朝窗外看！18、Dont talk in class!不要在课上说话！19、Let me try.让我试试。20、Let her join us.让她加入我们吧。,祈使句+and+简单句：“如果，就”Go down the street,and you will see a hospital.顺着这条路，你就能看到一家医院。祈使句+or+简

4、单句：“否则”Be quick,or we will be late.快点，要不就迟到了。,祈使句后面附加问句能使语气更委婉。1、Tell me about it,will you?告诉我这些好吗？2、Dont tell anyone,will you?不要告诉任何人好吗？3、Lets go out to play for a while,will you?我们出去玩会儿好吗？,特殊用法：祈使句有时候相当有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。如：Study harder,and you will catch up with the others in your class.再努力学习些，你会赶上班里

5、其他同学的。变if句型如下：If you study harder,you will catch up with the others in your class.如果你学习再努力些，你会赶上班上其他同学的。,练习一 翻译句子1、请照看好您的包。2、让我们去学校吧！3、亲爱的，高兴点儿！4、不要把书放这儿。5、不要让猫进来。,练习二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1、Its an important meeting._(not,be) late.2、_(not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3、_(look) out!A car is com

6、ing.4、Lets _(not,say) anything about it.5、_(go) and wash your hands.6、_(keep) off the grass.,练习三 选择填空1、Her doctor said: “_ work so hard.”A.Stop B.Dont C.Cant D.No2、_ when you cross the road.A.Do care B.Care C.Be careful D.To be careful3、_ him the secret,will you?A.Dont tell B.Not to tell C.Not telli

7、ng D.No telling4、_ in bed.Its bad for your eyes.A.Not to read B.Dont read C.Dont to read D.Not read5、_ your child.We will look after him.A.Not to worry about B.Dont worry aboutC.Not worry for D.Dont worry with,6、_ say never.A.Never B.Dont C.No D.Not7、Please _ look outside.Look at the blackboard.A.no

8、t B.dont C.arent D.cant8、If you are tired,_ a rest.A.have B.having C.to have D.had9、Never come late again,_?A.will you B.wont C.do you D.does he10、The film is about to begin.Please _ seated.A.be B.are C.is D.being,练习四 改否定6、Come here early.早点来。7、Ask him.问他。8、Please wait for her.麻烦等下她。9、Read the book

9、carefully.仔细读这本书。10、Sit under the tree,please.请坐在树下。,感叹句,by 夕夕,感叹句,感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐 以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。,英语感叹句三种类型：一、由what引导的感叹句：what意为“多么”用作定语，修饰名词(单数可数名词；复数可数名词；不可数名词)。这类句子的结构形式是：what+a/an+形容词+单数名词（+主语+谓语）！what+形容词+名词复数（+主语+谓语）！what+形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！,如：What a clever girl she is!多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interes

10、ting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀！What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花呀！What delicious food it is!多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is!多么大的雪呀！,二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。这类句子的结构形式是：How+形容词或副词(+主语+谓语)！How+形容词+a/an+可数名

11、词单数(+主语+谓语)！How+主语+谓语!,如：How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are!多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look!他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings!她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now!他们干得多么起劲呀！How beautiful a girl she is!她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！How time flies!光阴似箭！,三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如：Good idea!(好主意！)Won

12、derful!(太精彩了！)Thank goodness!(谢天谢地！)She is a nice girl!(她是个好女孩！),补充说明：一、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如：What a hot day it is! How hot the day is! 多么热的天气呀！What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！What bright sunshine

13、it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！,二、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：What a fine day!多么晴朗的天呀！ What a day!鬼天气！What an honest boy!多么诚实的孩子呀！What red apples!多么红的苹果呀！How cool!好凉快呀！How wonderful!精彩极了！,感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的内容。1、若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。2、若形容词后后紧跟

14、a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如：1、What a good boy he is!他是个多么好的男孩啊！ 形容词 单数名词2、What good boys they are!他们是多么好的男孩啊！ 形容词 复数名词,3、What cold weather it is!多么冷的天气啊！ 形容词 不可数名词4、How good the boy is!这男孩多好啊！ 形容词 乱糟糟注：若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.例如：How well he plays the guitar!他吉他弹得多好啊！

15、副词（what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how）,How time flies!时间飞逝！How fast Liu Xiang runs!刘翔跑的很快！例句：改为what型1、She is a clever girl.What a clever girl she is!2、It is an interesting story.What an interesting story it is!3、They are beautiful flowers.What beautiful flowers they are!4、It is delicious food.What delicious foo

16、d it is!,改为how型1、She is a clever girl.How clever a girl she is! How clever the girl is!2、It is an interesting story.How interesting a story it is! How interesting the story is!3、They are beautiful flowers.How beautiful flowers they are! How beautiful the flowers are!4、It is delicious food.How delici

17、ous food it is! How delicious the food is!,练习一 填入适当的词1、_ difficult homework we had yesterday!2、_ cute dog it is!3、_ interesting the story is!4、_ bad the weather in England is!5、_ honest boy Tom is!6、_ tasty smell the cake gave off!7、_ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8、_ exciting news youve b

18、rought us!9、_ cool your new car is!10、_ scary these tigers are!,练习二 选择填空1、_ fast the boy ran!A.How B.How an C.What D.What an2、_ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A.How,how B.What,what C.How,what D.What,how3、_ delicious the soup is!Id like some more.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an4、_ fools they were!They believed what the man said.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an5、_ foolish they were!They believed what the man said.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an,6、_ difficult questions they are!I cant answer them.A.How B.How an C.What D.What an7、I miss my frien