2015高考试题-英语(江苏卷)解析版

绝密★启用前

2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）

英语

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡

上将该项涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever

答案是Bo

21.Thenumberofsmokers,isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.

A.itB.whichC.whatD.as

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了1户。.W弓I导的非限制性定语从句位置灵

活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话.故选。项.

考点：定语从句

22.Schoolsshouldbelivelyplaceswhereindividualsareencouragedtototheirgreatest

potential.

A.accelerateB.improveC.performD.develop

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加速，加快”；

B项“改善，提高”；C项“表现”；D项“发展”。故选D项。

考点：动词词义辨析

23.一Jim,canyouworkthisSunday?

—?I'vebeenworkingfortwoweeksonend.

A.WhymeB.WhynotC.WhatifD.Sowhat

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：一Jim,周末你能加班吗？一为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。A项“为

什么是我？”；B项“为什么不呢？”；C项“要是……会怎样？”；D项“那又怎么样?二只

有A项符合语境。故选A项。

考点：交际用语

24.Muchtimesittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.

A.beingspentB.havingspentC.spentD.spending

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：上班族们坐在办工座前太久，一般会受到健康问题的困扰”析句子结均可知，公词的

逻辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致，应用独立主格结构.分词主语和分词动作之间构成逻辑上的动实¥系，

且动作已完成，故用过去分词.故选C项.

考点：独立主格结构

25.LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhereD.How

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接

受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，agreatChinesepoet做LiBai的同位语，is前面是主语从

句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。

考点：名词性从句

26.Itissocoldthatyoucan'tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.

A.ifB.unlessC.onceD.when

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。A项“如果”；B

项"除非"；C项"一旦"；D项"当时候"。"unlessfullycovered"为''连词+省略结构”,

补充完整为"unlessyouare”。故选B项。

考点：连词辨析

27.Theuniversitystartedsomenewlanguageprogramstothecountry'sSilkRoad

EconomicBelt.

A.applytoB.caterforC.appealtoD.huntfbr

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务..'项“向..申

请，适用于.3项“迎合，满足..的需要，为.提供服务‘1C项”对..有吸引力，呼吁”D

项“猎取，寻找故选3项.

考点：动词短语辨析

28.Itmighthavesavedmesometroubletheschedule.

A.didIknowB.haveIknownC.doIknowD.hadIknown

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中mighthave

saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用ifIhadknown与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中

含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。

考点：虚拟语气

29.ThewholeteamCristianoRonaldo,andheseldomletsthemdown.

A.waitonB.focusonC.countonD.callon

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：全队都指望克里斯蒂亚诺・罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A项“服侍，

等待”；B项“集中（注意力）手”：C项“指望”；D项“呼吁，拜访”。故选C项。

考点：动词短语辨析

3O.Therealreasonwhyprices,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussion

cansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.

A.wereB.willbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问

题无法让人满意。根据题干中“andstillare”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过

去时，表示过去的状态。故选A项。

考点：时态

31.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughandreviewofthecase.

A.comprehensiveB.complicatedC.consciousD.crucial

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项“综合的，全面的，

有理解力的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“有意识的”；D项“至关重要的"。故选A项。

考点：形容词词义辨析

32.Someschoolswillhavetomakeinagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.

A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，•些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决

断”;B项“调整”；C项“评价,评论“；D项'‘成就故选B项。

考点：名词词义辨析

33.—Whydidn'tyouinviteJohntoyourbirthdayparty?

—Well,youknowhe's.

A.anearlybirdB.awetblanketC.aluckydogD.atoughnut

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：一为什么你没有期请约翰出席你的生日聚会？一你知道的，仃是个令人扫兴的人.为项

“早起的鸟儿（比喻勤劳的人）3项“扫兴的人或物‘1C项“幸运儿D项“棘手的事情，难时付的人

故选B项.

考点：英语俗语

34.ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundThomasEdison.

A.thankstoB.regardlessofC.asidefromD.butfbr

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存汗项“多亏，具有

-v

很强的迷惑性，如将题干改成"ThomasZd:son:noww*canbenefitftPi.man5ofthtningsarodd

us”则选A项；3项“不管，不顾”；C项"除了'1。项“要不是”，常用于隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句.

故选D项

考点：介词短语辨析

35.—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.

-I'dliketo,butI'mafraidshewon'tbehappywithmy.

A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：一Dave,去跟你的妈妈道歉。一我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉

不满意。A项''请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。

考点：名词词义辨析

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。

IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegeFsbooksincollegeandwashookedonhis

positivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional36andtheexceptional

patientshewroteaboutwereso37tomeandhadsuchabig38onhowIsawlifefromthenon.

WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto39myown

cancerexperience?

I'manambitious她andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo（化疗），eventhoughI'ma

very41person,Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe42.Oneday,while

waitingtogoinfbr43,IhadoneofDr.Bernie'sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44whatI

wasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme45hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.

It46thatamongotherthings,hewasaneighty-year-oldwriter.Hewas47apublishedauthor,

andhewascurrently48onanewbook.

Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand49friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat,

andIwouldtellmyself,hewasdefinitelya(n)50ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa51onmyface.He

unfortunately52lastyearduetohiscancer,53heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe

54topickupmypenagain.I55tomyself“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”

36.A.tastesB.ideasC.notesD.memories

37.A.amazingB.shockingC.amusingD.strange

38.A.strikeB.pushC.challengeD.impact

39.A.learnfromB.gooverC.getthroughD.referto

40.A.readerB.writerC.editorD.doctor

41.A.positiveB.agreeableC.humorousD.honest

42.A.moodB.positionC.stateD.way

43.A.adviceB.referenceC.protectionD.treatment

44.A.viewedB.knewC.noticedD.wondered

45.A.whileB.becauseC.althoughD.providing

46.A.cameoutB.workedoutC.provedoutD.turnedout

47.A.naturallyB.merelyC.hopefullyD.actually

48.A.decidingB.investingC.workingD.relying

49.A.becameB.helpedC.missedD.visited

50.A.patientB.operatorC.fanD.publisher

51.A.signB.smileC.markD.mask

52.A.showedupB.setoffC.felldownD.passedaway

53.A.sinceB.butC.soD.fbr

54.A.guidanceB.trustC.opportunityD.inspiration

55.A.promisedB.sworeC.thoughtD.replied

【答案】

36.B

37.A

38.D

39.C

40.B

41.A

42.A

43.D

44.C

45.B

46.D

47.D

48.C

49.A

50.C

51.B

52.D

53.B

54.D

55.C

【解析】

试题分析，本文是一篇记叙文,作者读了於觉:的书，深受书中积极人生观的影响.之后作者不幸身

患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作，但在治疗期间结识一位同样受到3erme影响，年迈却仍坚持写作的

病友.在病友死后，作者又重新拾起纸笔.

36.3考查名词,根据首段首句可知，作者读了3ern:eSiege：的书，深受书中积极人生刖的影响，此处

unconvenbona：:出能意为“非传统的现点”与上句中“积极的人生观”呼应.A项口味：；3项现点:C

项笔记，D项记忆，故选3项.

3NA考查形容词.根据上文中^unconventional（非传统的）”和unexcept:or.x.（例外的）"遑示可知，

他书中所写的东西劝我来说十分惊异.A项令人惊异的。3项令人虚惊的。C项7屣即,D项••奇饪町。

故选4项.

3c考查名词.hayan:mpah皿为固定搭配，意为“对..有影响”.A项打击。3项推，逼迫，C项挑

战。1项•影响、故选3项。

39.C考查动词短语。根据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作。但

病友的执着和BernieSiegel积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期。A

项”从……中获取经验，汲取教训”；B项“复习，仔细检查”；C项“渡过难关”；D项“提到，

涉及，参考故选C项。

40.B考查名词。根据下文中“…，Ilostmydrivetowrite”可知，作者是一名抱负的作家。A

项“读者”；B项“作家”；C项“编辑”；D项“医生”。故选B项。

41.A考查形容词。句意：尽管我是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。apositiveperson

与lostmydrivetowrite构成让步关系，且与上文positivity呼应。A项“积极的”；B项”称

心如意的”；C项“幽默的”；D项“诚实的”。故选A项。

42.A考查名词。句意：我就是感觉太累，没有心情去写。inthemood意为“没有心情去做

事”。A项“心情”；B项“位置，职位”；C项“状态”；D项“方式”。故选A项。

43.D考查名词。句意：一天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着Bernie的一本书。A项“建议”;

B项“提及，参考”；C项“保护”；D项“治疗”。故选D项。

44.C考查动词。句意：另外一个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。A项“认

为"；B项“知道，了解”；C项“（无意中）注意到"；D项“想知道”。故选C项。

45.B考查连词。句意：该空后是他主动和我攀谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie的书。A

项表示时间或轻微转折；B项表示原因；C项表示让步；D项表示条件。故选B项。

46.D考查动词短语。除此之外，他是一位八十岁的作家。A项“出现，出版”；B项“锻炼，

解决，制定”；C项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是“。itturnedoutthat

是固定搭配，意为“结果是结果证明……”故选D项。

47.D考查副词。句意：事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A项“自然地”；B

项“仅仅”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。故选D项。

48.C考查动词搭配。根据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A项decideon”决定，确定“；

B项investon"投资，花时间在……上”；C项workon"从事，忙于"；D项relyon“依赖，依

靠”。故选C项。

49.A考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项“成为”；B项“帮助”;

C项“错过”；D项“拜访”。故选A项。

50.C考查名词。根据句意可知，他的确是Bernie的粉丝。A项“病人”；B项“操作员，接

线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“出版商”。故选C项。

5LB考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。A项“标志，

迹象，征兆”；B项“微笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。故选B项。

52.D考查动词短语。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“出现，露面”;

B项“出发，动身”；C项“跌倒”；D项“去世（死的委婉表达）九故选D项。

53.B考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B

项表示转折：C项表示结果：D项表示原因。故选B项。

54.D考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A项“指导”；B项“信任”；C项“机会”；D

项“鼓舞，激励，启发故选D项。

55.C考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“如果他能做到，我也能。"A项“承诺”；B项“郑重

发誓“；C项thinktooneself”自言自语”;D项"回答故选C项。

考点：记叙文阅读

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题

卡上将该项涂黑。

A

VisitorCode

•ArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealand

Ifyouarearrivingfromoverseas,bringnofood,animalorplant

materialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.

•Protectplantsandanimals

Neverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasof

nestingbirds,otherwildlife,orwheresignposted.

•Getridofrubbish

Alwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste

(e.g.,glass,paper)wherepossible.

•Beconsideratewithotherwaste

Ifusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwaste

ataproperwastestation.Inthebackcountry,buryyourtoilet

wasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterways.

•KeepNewZealand'swaterclean

Becausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways,becareful

yourwashingwaterdoesn'tpollutethesea.lakesandrivers.

•Takecarewithfire

Alwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhavean

outdoorfireorbarbecue-makesureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.

•Camporpicniccarefully

Whencampingorpicnicking,usefacilitiesprovided.

・Keeptothetrack

Keeptothetrack,whereoneexists,soyoulessenthe

chanceofdamagingfragileplants.

•Beconsiderate

Whendriving,minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.

56.AccordingtotheCode,visitorsshouldact

A.withcareandrespectB.withreliefandpleasure

C.withcautionandcalmnessD.withattentionandobservation

57.WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?

A.Takeyourowncampingfacilities.

B.Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.

C.Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.

D.Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.

【答案】

56.A

57.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇应用文（旅游指南）.介绍了去新西兰旅游中要保护动物，处理好灯圾，注意笔标

等注意事项.

S6.A推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了去新西兰旅游中的注意事项，屈据关键词'二二皿王"ras

bsarefu：,taksar」等可推知游客的行为应体现出关爱和尊重。故选A项。

”（细节理解题。根据小标题“KspBthetrawk”下内容可知，可知在新西十豕游时，为了减少破垃治物

的可能，鼓励游客顺着路走。露营设施是提供好的，排除A项；3愉换主体，埋藏的是⑦己常本岛而非

glass；D项偷换概念，observenosmofcngsigns,而非observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.故选C项。

考点：应用文阅读

B

IntheUnitedStatesalone,over100millioncell-phonesarethrownawayeachyear.

Cell-phonesarepartofagrowingmountainofelectronicwastelikecomputersandpersonal

digitalassistants.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditional

garbageasawhole.

Electronicdevicescontainvaluablemetalssuchasgoldandsilver.ASwissstudyreported

thatwhiletheweightofelectronicgoodsrepresentedbypreciousmetalswasrelativelysmallin

comparisontototalwaste,theconcentration（含量）ofgoldandotherpreciousmetalswashigher

inSo-callede-wastethaninnaturallyoccurringminerals.

Electronicwastesalsocontainmanypoisonousmetals.Evenwhenthemachinesarerecycled

andtheharmfulmetalsremoved,therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries,in

practicallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintothe

environment.

Creatingproductsoutofrawmaterialscreatesmuchmorewastematerial,upto100times

more,thanthematerialcontainedinthefinishedproducts.Consideragainthecell-phone,and

imaginetheminesthatproducedthosemetals,thefactoriesneededtomaketheboxand

packaging（包装）itcamein.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessarehannfulaswell.

TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencynotesthatmostwasteisdangerousinthat“the

production,distribution,anduseofproducts-aswellasmanagementoftheresultingwaste-

allresultingreenhousegasrelease."Individualscanreducetheircontributionbycreatingless

wasteatthestart—forinstance,buyingreusableproductsandrecycling.

Inmanycountriestheconceptofextendedproducerresponsibilityisbeingconsideredorhas

beenputinplaceasanincentive（动机）forreducingwaste.Ifproducersarerequiredtotakeback

packagingtheyusetoselltheirproducts,wouldtheyreducethepackaginginthefirstplace?

Governments9incentivetorequireproducerstotakeresponsibilityforthepackagingthey

produceisusuallybasedonmoney.Why,theyask,shouldcitiesortownsberesponsiblefor

payingtodealwiththebubblewrap（气泡垫）thatencasedyourtelevision?

Fromthegovemments,pointofview,aprimarygoaloflawsrequiringextendedproducer

responsibilityistotransferboththecostsandthephysicalresponsibilityofwastemanagement

fromthegovernmentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers.

58.BymentioningtheSwissstudy,theauthorintendstotellusthat.

A.theweightofe-goodsisrathersmall

B.E-wastedeservestobemadegooduseof

C.naturalmineralscontainmorepreciousmetals

D.thepercentageofpreciousmetalsisheavyine-waste

59.Theresponsibilityofe-wastetreatmentshouldbeextended.

A.fromproducerstogovernments

B.fromgovernmentstoproducers

C.fromindividualstodistributors

D.fromdistributorstogovernments

60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Theincreaseine-waste.

B.Thecreationofe-waste.

C.Theseriousnessofe-waste.

D.Themanagementofe-waste.

【答案】

58.B

59.B

60.D

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇科普说明文.文章主要介绍了电子垃圾的产生、危害以及相关解决措施.学科网

ES.3推理判断题.文章第一段告诉我们，每年有大量康弃电子产品被随意丢弃.紧接着第二段首句指出：

电子设备中含有有用的金属，如金和银，并用Swssstu*佐证这一观点，因此可以推知电子垃圾伫得充分

利用.故选3项.

59.3细节理解题.文章第六、七、八三段围绕“生产者责任延伸”展开的，最后一段做了总结，・浪据"a广5ary

goaloflawsrequiringextendedproducerresponsibility-:stotransferboththecostsandthephysicalrespcr\l:ty

ofwasten;aiiagementiron;tliegovermnentandtax-payersbacktotheproducers»可知B项正确、是对该句的

同义压缩。故选3项.

鼠LD主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章先描述了废弃电子产品被随意丢弃这一现烹，接着指出电子垃圾的可以

用价值和潜在风险，主要是由于对废弃电子产品的管理不善造成的，最后呼吁政底和生产商与此承担一定

的责任.故选D项。

考点：科普说明文阅读

C

Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It'sverylikelythatyou'llwanttohave

volunteerstohelpwiththeorganization'sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhy

peopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.

Lefsbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveral

factorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonal

valuesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocial

relationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.

Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishto

attract.

Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunity

service,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,these

programscanshiftpeople'swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteer

becauseifsimportanttome")toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI'mrequiredtodo

so"）.Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbe

sensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.

Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?To

answerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfbllow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteers

overtime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemost

importantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingthey

experiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadsto

importantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegiventoutraining

methodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategies

forcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience^^.

Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesin

thedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer“asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthat

thosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobe

mostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrole

matteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchasuVolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartof

whoIam."Consistentwiththeresearchers'expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation（正相

关）betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.

Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:aOnceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,

continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthat

allowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenrole

identity”.

61.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof.

A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectations

C.financialrewardsD.internalneeds

62.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?

A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastfbroneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.

C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcrete

advice.

63.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?

A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.Publiclyidentifiablevolunteer「shirts.

C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.

64.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviors

C.HowtoKeepVblunteers,InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities

【答案】

61.D

62.B

63.C

64.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇议论文。文章分析讲述志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过3个实赛研究志愿

者的意图。

61.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知人们做志愿者工作的原因为:"toexpresspersonalvaluesrelated

toijnself:shness;toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences：andtostrengthensocialrelationships^,再结合“二fvolunteer

positionsdonotmeettheseneeds：peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate^可知答案为D项（满足内在的需求）。

62.3推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中^trainingmethodsthatwouldprep^'.voAinte\jfortrout

situationsorprovidethen;3thstrategiesforcopingv,-：ththeproblen;theydouxpwr:户:可知壬忍者应咬以心理

上做好充分的准备。故选3项.

63.C细节理解题.根据第五段第二句中“由。式peopleforv.-hon;theroleofvolunteerwasmostpartofie:r

personalidentity-wouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork^可知志愿者身份认同金励他们继续从

事志愿者工作。故选C项。

64.A标题归纳题。文章首段提出假设：假如你是一名组织领导人，很想得到正层者的帮助.并指出在此之

前，必须弄清志愿者为什么自发地去服务社会，并通过3个实验研究志愿者的意日。因此之项（如何代人

们从事志愿者服务）是文章的最佳标题.

考点：议论文阅读

D

FreedomandResponsibility

Freedom'schallengeintheDigitalAgeisaserioustopic.Wearefacingtodayastrangenewworld

andweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.

Some2,500yearsagoGreecediscoveredfreedom.Beforethattherewasnofreedom.There

weregreatcivilizations,splendidempires,butnofreedomanywhere.EgyptandBabylonwere

bothtyrannies,oneverypowerfillmanrulingoverhelplessmasses.

InGreece,inAthens（雅典），alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.

AndAthenianswillinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,

whichmustbeobeyediffreemenlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityand

themanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbeverypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthe

desert.TheAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhecoulddowhathewanted.Amanwas

freeifhewasself-controlled.Tomakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwasfreedom.Theywere

savedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.Eachonefeltresponsibleforthe

welfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashis

prideandhissafety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyfor

allmenwhocouldcontrolthemselvesandwouldtakeresponsibilityfbrthestate.

Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredoncefbr

all.Ifpeopledonotprizeit,andworkfbrit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.

Itwasachangethattookplacewithoutbeingnoticedthoughitwasoftheextremeimportance,a

spiritualchangewhichaffectedthewholestate.IthadbeentheAthenian,sprideandjoytogiveto

theircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheirminds.Therehadto

beacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidher

citizensfbrdoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,thestatewastogivetothem.

Whatthepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthem;and

withthisastheprimaryobject,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywere

neglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswasmoreandmorelookedonasacooperative

businesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarighttos