江苏省苏州市2019-2020学年高二英语下学期学业质量阳光指标调研试题（含解析）

江苏省苏州市20192020学年高二英语下学期学业质量阳光指标调研试题（含解析）注意事项：1.本调研卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题），满分150分。答题时间120分钟。2.请将第I卷的答案填涂在答题卡上，第II卷请直接在答题卡上规定的地方作答。答题前，务必将自己的学校、姓名、调研序列号等相关息写在答题卡上规定的地方。第I卷选择题（共75分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在调研卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将调研卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在调研卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanprefertodrinknow?r.2.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Pickuplunch.B.Visitthebank.C.Gotothepostoffice.3.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Helosthiscat.B.Hewasnearlydrowned.C.Hewascaughtintherain.4.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Theyareonvacation.B.Theyareshopping.C.Theyareonbusiness.5.Whatistheman'sopinionabouthighspeedrail?nientandrelaxing.C.Fastbutnotenjoyable.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有儿个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在调研卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toconfirmhisorder.B.Tomakeanapologytohim.C.Togiveherthankstohim.7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hewillbechargedless.B.Heisgratefultothewoman.C.Heisgoingtogiveuphisorder.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthenewhotel?A.Fromtheradio.B.Fromherfriend.C.Fromthenewspaper.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewhotel?A.Itwillbringmoretourists.B.Itmayruinthebeautifulplace.C.Ithelpsdeveloplocaltourism.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Advertisethehotelonaradioshow.B.Holdaradioprogramtodiscussthetopic.C.Askthelocalpeopletofightagainstit.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatbooksdoesthemanlikemost?A.Booksaboutsports.B.Booksabouttheenvironment.C.Booksaboutforeigncountries.12.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthepicturesinfoodbooks?usting.C.Serious.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Havealookaround.B.Getthemembershipcard.C.Signtheapplicationform.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whoisthemanmostlikelytobe?A.AUNofficial.B.Afarmer.C.Ajournalist.15.Whatmightbethereasonforanimaldiseasesspreading?A.Tradeinanimalproductsisdecreasing.BPeopleandanimalsaremovingfromplacetoplace.C.Alotofanimalshavediedfromvariousdiseases.16.WhathappenedinSouthAfrica?A.Alargenumberofsheepwerekilled.B.30peoplewerekilledinanaccident.C.Thefootandmouthdiseasebrokeout.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlonghasthespeakerlivedinabigcity?A.Oneyear.B.Tenyears.C.Eighteenyears.18.Whatisthespeaker'sopiniononpublictransport?A.It'sfortable.B.It'stimesaving.C.It'scheap.19.Whatisgoodaboutlivinginasmalltown?A.It'ssafer.B.It'shealthier.C.It'smoreinteresting.20.Whatkindoflifedoesthespeakerseemtolikemost?A.Simple.B.Colorful.C.Quiet.第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASeveralEyeOpeningFactsaboutTearsHumansmakethreedifferentversionsoftears.Basaltearshelpoureyesmovesmoothly,reflextearsforminresponsetoirritants(刺激物）suchassmokeanddirt,andemotionaltearsflowwhenwe'resadoroverjoyed.Oniontearsareobviouslyofthereflexvarietybutwhat'stheirritant?Itturnsoutonionsproduceachemicaltodefendthemselves.Tocutdownonitsrelease,freezetheonionbeforeslicing,thenuseasharpknifetoreducethedamagetotheonionandthereleaseofthechemical.Cryingcanbegoodforyou.Somestudieshaveshownagoodcrycancausethereleaseofcertainchemicalsthatmakeusfeelbetter.Cryingcanalsoimprovepeople'ssenseofwellbeingbybringingaboutsocialsupport.Ontheotherhand,cryingcansometimesmakeyoufeelworsethanifyouhaven'tcriedatall.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhotendtocryingeneralmoreoftenfeelworseaftercryingduringamoviethanpeoplewhoseldomcry.AccordingtoEntertainmentWeekly,thebiggestHollywoodtearjerkerofalltimeisTermsofEndearment,abouthowafamilydealswithacancerdiagnosis.Number2:Bambi.AccordingtoMerriamWebster,thetermtearjerkerfirstappearedin1912,whichhappenstobethesameyeartheTitanicsank.(ThemovieTitanicis16thonEW'stearjerkerlist.)Inmedieval(中世纪）times,cryingwasperfectlyacceptable,evenmanly.IntheAngloSaxonpoemBeowulf,whenBeowulfwaskilledbyadragon,hissoldierswereextremelysadandcriedaloudforhisdeath.KingArthurwasalsoknowntoturnonthewaterworks.Speakingofwar,teargaswasbannedonthebattlefieldviatheChemicalWeaponsConventionof1993,whichwasmadetohappenbyIraq'suseofchemicalweaponsinIraninthe1980s.Thatsaid,Americanpolicecanstilllegallyuseteargasforcrowdcontrol.1.Whydopeoplehavetearswhilecuttingonions?A.Becausetheyaresad. B.Becausetheireyesareaffectedbyachemical.C.Becausetheyareoverjoyed. D.Becausetheireyescan'tmovesmoothly.2.Theunderlinedword"tearjerker"inParagraph3probablyreferstoA.apopularnewspaper B.atouchingmovieC.adeadlydisease D.aninterestingbook3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Cryingisalwaysbeneficialtopeople.B.Teargasisstrictlyforbiddeninanycaseafter1993.C.Emotionaltearsonlyforminresponsetonegativefeelings.D.Itissociallyacceptableformentocryinmedievaltimes.4.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Achemistrypaper.C.Amedicalreport. D.Apopularsciencemagazine.【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个关于眼泪的令人大开眼界的事实。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Oniontearsareobviouslyofthereflexvarietybutwhat'stheirritant?Itturnsoutonionsproduceachemicaltodefendthemselves.可知，洋葱眼泪很明显属于反射类型，但刺激是什么呢?事实证明，洋葱会产生一种化学物质来保护自己。由此可推知，人们在切洋葱时会流泪，因为他们的眼睛受到一种化学物质的影响。故选B。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据AccordingtoEntertainmentWeekly可知，《娱乐周刊》是报道影视方面新闻的杂志，而Hollywood是因拍摄电影而闻名的地方，由此可知，tearjerker是一种电影，再结合howafamilydealswithacancerdiagnosis.可知，电影是谈论一个家庭如何应对癌症诊断，由此可推知这是一部催泪的感人电影。所以划线单词tearjerker的意思是“一部感人的电影”。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Inmedieval(中世纪）times,cryingwasperfectlyacceptable,evenmanly.可知，在中世纪，哭泣是完全可以接受的，甚至有男子气概。由此可推知，在中世纪，男人哭泣是可以被社会接受的。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题SeveralEyeOpeningFactsaboutTears以及结合文章内容，可知文章介绍了几个关于眼泪的令人大开眼界的事实，由此可推知，本文可能出自一本科学杂志。故选D。BInJune1936,agreatnovelwaspublished.ItgavetheworldasenseoftheOldSouth,anunforgettableheroineand(inthemovieversion)theclassicphrase,"Frankly,mydear,Idon'tgiveitadamn.”ThatbookisMargaretMitchell's(19001949)GoneWiththeWind,whichsoldonemillioncopiesinitsfirstsixmonths,wonthePulitzerPrizein1937andbroughtanexplosionofunexpectedandundesiredfametoitsauthor.Itisnotinrealitythesecondbestsellingbookofalltime,behindonlytheBible,asgenerationsofAtlantanshaveclaimed,butitdoesstandasoneofthemostastonishingvictoriesinthehistoryofpublishing.Tobespecific,morethan30millioncopiesofthenovelareinprintworldwidenowadays.Mitchell,aformernewspaperreporterwhousedtolistentoCivilWarstories,declaredherselftobethoroughlypuzzledbythepopularityheronlybookmetwith.Shethoughtitmightappealtoalimitedreadership,oratworstsellathousandcopiestofamilyandfriends.Instead,however,thebooknowhasmorethan1,000foreignlanguageeditions.“Itappealstodifferentculturesondifferentlevels,"saysPamelaRoberts,whohadmadeafilmabouttheauthor."Ontheonehand,it'sagreatstorythatwinsoveryoungwomen'sheartswiththischarmingheroineScarlettO'Harawhodidthingsherway.Theotherappealisthethemeofsurvival.GoneWiththeWindhasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldwhohavelivedthroughwarorsufferedundercruelgoverning."Twoyearsafterthebookwaspublished,Mitchellwasaskedifshewaswritinganythingelse,orintendedto.Shesaidshehadbeensobusyansweringthephone,thedoorbellandherfanmailthatshehadnothadthetimeto.Sheaddedthat"beingtheauthorofGoneWiththeWindisafulltimejob,andmostdaysitisanovertimejobfillingappointmentsandmeetingvisitors."Thefamewhichcamewithherbookbroughtheraround$1,000,000inbookcopyrights.movierightsandotherrelatedreturnsinlessthanfouryears,butdisturbedherwayofliving.AskedaboutherambitionsattheheightofthefameofGoneWiththeWind,forsomeonewhohatedpublicity,Mitchellsaidthatshehopedtoputonweight,beefatandaccessibleandgrowoldgracefully.Thementwhichgreetedherworkwasnotallinpraise,althoughmuchofitwasapplauded.Whateverfuturegenerationsmaydecideastoitsvalue,Mitchellwroteabookwhichwasthemostoutstandingbestsellereverwrittenbyanunknownauthorofafirstnovel.5.Whichofthefollowingsstatementsistrueastothesuccessofthenovel?A.It'sthesecondbestsellingbookofalltime,behindonlytheBible.B.It'sthemostastonishingsuccessinthehistoryofpublishing.C.Moreman30millioncopiesofthenovelweresoldinitsfirst6months.D.Thenovelbroughtunexpectedandundesiredpopularitytoitsauthor.6.HowdidMitchellfeelatthepopularityofthebook?A.Delighted. B.Confused.C.Relieved. D.Embarrassed.7.Whatcontributestotheuniversalappealofthebook?A.Thethemeofthenovelandthecharmoftheheroine.B.ThefactthatthebookissetintheOldSouth.C.Mitchell'spersonalpopularityasanovelist.D.Praisefromdifferentculturesondifferentlevels.8.WecaninferfromthetextthatMargaretMitchell_______A.isanambitiousnovelist B.enjoyspublicattentionC.isveryconfidentofhernovel D.desiresherusualwayofliving9.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MysterybehindMargaret'sSuccess B.GonewiththeWindC.SomeoneNeverGonewiththeWind D.ForeverHeroine:ScarlettO'Hara【答案】5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一部伟大的小说《乱世佳人》的受欢迎情况，介绍了畅销的原因，以及作者米歇尔的情况。【5题详解】细节理解题。在第二段中，根据“Itisnotinrealitythesecondbestsellingbookofalltime,behindonlytheBible”事实上，它并不是历史上仅次于《圣经》的第二畅销书，可知，A选项“它是有史以来第二畅销的书，仅次于《圣经》”错误；根据“butitdoesstandasoneofthemostastonishingvictoriesinthehistoryofpublishing.”但它确实是出版史上最惊人的胜利之一。B选项“这是出版史上最惊人的成功。”，这本书是出版史上成功的作品之一，并不是唯一那个，所以B选项错误；根据“whichsoldonemillioncopiesinitsfirstsixmonths”头六个月就卖了一百万本，可知，C选项“这本小说在头6个月就卖出了3000万册。”错误；“Thatbook…broughtanexplosionofunexpectedandundesiredfametoitsauthor.”那本书……给作者带来了意想不到的名声。可知，这部小说使作者意想不到的受欢迎。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mitchell…declaredherselftobethoroughlypuzzledbythepopularityheronlybookmetwith.”米歇尔……她说自己对自己唯一的一本书如此受欢迎感到非常困惑。可知，米歇尔对这本书的受欢迎程度感到困惑。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段““Itappealstodifferentculturesondifferentlevels,"saysPamelaRoberts,whohadmadeafilmabouttheauthor."Ontheonehand,it'sagreatstorythatwinsoveryoungwomen'sheartswiththischarmingheroineScarlettO'Harawhodidthingsherway.Theotherappealisthethemeofsurvival.GoneWiththeWindhasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldwhohavelivedthroughwarorsufferedundercruelgoverning."”“它在不同的层面上迎合不同的文化，”曾拍过一部关于作者的电影的帕梅拉·罗伯茨说，“一方面，这是一个伟大的故事，用自己的方式做事的魅力女主人公斯嘉丽奥哈拉赢得了年轻女性的心。另一个吸引人的地方是生存的主题。《乱世佳人》鼓舞了世界各地经历过战争或在残酷统治下受苦的人们。”可知，小说的主题和女主人公的魅力促成了这本书的普遍吸引力。故选A项。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段可知，这本书的名气扰乱了米歇尔的生活方式，尤其是第六段“Mitchellsaidthatshehopedtoputonweight,beefatandaccessibleandgrowoldgracefully.”米歇尔说，她希望体重增加，变胖，变得容易接近，优雅地变老。可以推断，米歇尔渴望平常的生活方式。故选D项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了一部伟大的小说《乱世佳人》的受欢迎情况，介绍了畅销的原因，以及作者米歇尔的情况。尤其是根据最后一段“Whateverfuturegenerationsmaydecideastoitsvalue,Mitchellwroteabookwhichwasthemostoutstandingbestseller”无论未来的人们如何评价它的价值，米歇尔写了一本最杰出的畅销书。可以推断，这篇文章的作者对《乱世佳人》以及米歇尔的评价很高，C选项包含的意思就是这本书将永远流传，同时切合书的名字，符合题意；A选项虽然确实提到成功的因素，但并不是着重说成功的秘诀；B就是书的标题，过于宽泛；D侧重于介绍女主角，但文中一笔带过。故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第3题，根据文章第四段““Itappealstodifferentculturesondifferentlevels,"saysPamelaRoberts,whohadmadeafilmabouttheauthor."Ontheonehand,it'sagreatstorythatwinsoveryoungwomen'sheartswiththischarmingheroineScarlettO'Harawhodidthingsherway.Theotherappealisthethemeofsurvival.GoneWiththeWindhasinspiredpeoplearoundtheworldwhohavelivedthroughwarorsufferedundercruelgoverning."”“它在不同的层面上迎合不同的文化，”曾拍过一部关于作者的电影的帕梅拉·罗伯茨说，“一方面，这是一个伟大的故事，用自己的方式做事的魅力女主人公斯嘉丽奥哈拉赢得了年轻女性的心。另一个吸引人的地方是生存的主题。《乱世佳人》鼓舞了世界各地经历过战争或在残酷统治下受苦的人们。”可知，小说的主题和女主人公的魅力促成了这本书的普遍吸引力。故选A项。CLookingathispileofunpaidbillsalwaysmakesGiuseppeDelGiudicefeeluneasy.Moreoftenthannot,DelGiudiceleaveshispaperworkundoneandsweepsthefloororwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastmomenttowritethemonthlychecks.Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延）.＂It'spartofthehumancondition,"saysprocrastinationresearcherTimPychyl,"Oneofthewayswecopeisavoidance,andthat'swhatprocrastinationesdownto:Wewanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatisavoidthetask."Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.Onethatalmosteveryoneprocrastinatesonistheirwills.70to80percentofpeople,whentheypassaway,havenowilloranoutofdateorinpletewill.Itleavesterriblesituations.Butdeathisn'tactuallythecauseofavoidance.Researchhasshownthatthetoptaskspeopledelayarecleaning,advancingtheircareers,takingcareoftheirhealth,andplanningtheirfinances.Somepeopleweleprocrastination,believingthattheyperformbetterunderpressure.Butresearchersdon'tagreewiththeidea.Ididanexperimentseveralyearsago,puttingprocrastinatorsunderrestrictionsoftime,"saysJosephFerrari,apsychologyprofessoratDePaulUniversity."Theydidworsethannonprocrastinators,buttheythoughttheydidbetter.Theymademoreerrors.Theytooklonger."Whateverthemotivation,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Delayingadietorexerciseprogrammayincreaseyourriskofheartdisease.Nothavingseenthedoctorwhenyourillnesswaseasiertotreatmayshortenyourlife.Justthinkingaboutwhatyouhaven'tdonemaycausedisfort."Procrastinatorshigherlevelsofanxiety,"saysFuschiaSirois,apsychologylecturerattheofSheffield."Someoftheresearchhasshownthatthisanxietyincreasestheirpossibilitycatchingcoldsandexperiencingmanyotherhealthproblems."Forthoseofusinneedofmotivation,thebestadvicemightbetothinksmall.＂Weusedtobelievebehaviorsfollowattitude,butifyoucanstartwithalittlebitofprogress,thatmotivatesyou,Pychylsays.Soifyouhavebeenprocrastinatingonstartinganexerciseroutine,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Ifyou'vebeenputtingoffaworkproject,rereadyourboss'snotesaboutit.Next,trysendingyourselfsignalstomotivateaction.Forinstance,youmightputyourlightsonatimeddimmerswitch(变光开关）toencourageafixedbedtime.JoelAnderson,aphilosophyresearcherlectureratUtrechtUniversity,carriedoutanexperimentaroundthisconcept,anditworkedonmostofhissubjects."Theyformedanintention,"Andersonsays.＂Whenthelightsstarttodim,I'llstartgoingtobed."Finally,rewardyourselfforeachstepyoutaketowardyourgoal.Afteryou'vegonetothegym,takearelaxingbath.Afteryou'vepaidthebills,watchyourfavoriteTVshow.(Butdon'ttrytoconvinceyourselfitwillworktheotherwayaround!)10.TheauthormentionsGiuseppeDelGiudiceatthebeginningto_________A.provideasetting B.describethemaincharacterC.introducethetopic D.explainaphenomenon11.Procrastinationisdrivenbythedesire____A.tofeelgoodforthemoment B.toavoidthetaskC.toleavethingstillthelastmoment D.tocarryoutenjoyableasksfirst12.Whichofthefollowingarepeopleleastlikelytodelay?A.Advancingtheircareers. B.Takingcareoftheirhealth.C.Planningtheirfinances. D.Doingexercise.13.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Consequencesofprocrastination. B.Significanceofprocrastination.C.Motivationbehindprocrastination. D.Physicalproblemswithprocrastination.14.Whichofthefollowingisawisechoiceforpeoplelackingmotivation?A.Buyadressoflargersizewhilelosingweight.B.Treatyourselftoachocolatebarbeforeworkingout.CPlaceyourcellphonewithinsightwhendoinghomework.D.Writedownyourgoalandstickitwhereyoucanseeeasily.15Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toanalyzetheoriginofprocrastination.B.Topresentpeople'sopinionsofprocrastination.C.Topersuadepeopletoacceptprocrastination.D.Tourgepeopletosaygoodbyetoprocrastination.【答案】10.C11.A12.D13.A14.D15.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了拖延的本质，并提供了如何克服拖延的具体建议。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“LookingathispileofunpaidbillsalwaysmakesGiuseppeDelGiudicefeeluneasy.Moreoftenthannot,DelGiudiceleaveshispaperworkundoneandsweepsthefloororwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastmomenttowritethemonthlychecks.”可知，看着自己那堆未付的账单，朱塞佩·德尔·朱迪斯总是感到不安。通常情况下，德尔·朱利迪斯会把账单拖着不付，而是扫地或看电视，直到最后一刻才去付账单，紧接着第二段中的“Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延）.＂It'spartofthehumancondition,"saysprocrastinationresearcherTimPychyl,"Oneofthewayswecopeisavoidance,andthat'swhatprocrastinationesdownto:Wewanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatisavoidthetask."”点明主题，即：每个人都会拖延，而拖延的本质是对目前的状态感觉良好，所以我们通过拖延来避免任务，由此可知，文章第一段提到德尔·朱利迪斯是为了引出文章主题——拖延的本质，故C项正确。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“that'swhatprocrastinationesdownto:Wewanttofeelgoodnow.”可知，拖延的本质是我们对目前的状态感觉良好，也就是说拖延是由对当下感觉良好的渴望所驱使的，故A项正确。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchhasshownthatthetoptaskspeopledelayarecleaning,advancingtheircareers,takingcareoftheirhealth,andplanningtheirfinances.”可知，研究表明，人们拖延的首要任务是打扫卫生、发展事业、照顾自己的健康和理财，而没有提到体育锻炼，由此可知，四项中人们最不可能拖延的是锻炼，故D项正确。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段内容，特别是根据第一句“Whateverthemotivation,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.”（不管动机是什么，拖延通常都不会给你带来什么好处）可知，本段主要讲的是拖延带来的不良后果，故A项正确。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Forthoseofusinneedofmotivation,thebestadvicemightbetothinksmall.”可知，对于我们这些需要动力的人来说，最好的建议可能是从小处着眼，再结合倒数第二段中的“Next,trysendingyourselfsignalstomotivateaction.”可知，下一步，试着给自己发信号来激励自己采取行动，由此可知，“写下你的目标，并把它贴在你容易看到的地方”这种做法是缺乏动力的人的明智选择，故D项正确。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的“that'swhatprocrastinationesdownto:Wewanttofeelgoodnow.”（拖延的本质是我们对目前的状态感觉良好）及第六段“Forthoseofusinneedofmotivation,thebestadvicemightbetothinksmall.”（对于我们这些需要动力的人来说，最好的建议可能是从小处着眼）可知，文章分析了拖延的本质并提供了克服拖延的建议，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们告别拖延，故D项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。FearofmissingoutIt'sFridaynight.Whilemanyofyourfriendsmaycelebratebygoingtothemoviesorcheckingoutarestaurantthat'sjustopened,you'vedecidedtospendthisspecialnightoftheweekbyyourself.Thenightisyourstoenjoy.Ifyouthinkthissoundsrelaxing,you'renotalone.Atleastforalittlewhileuntilyoustartwonderingifyou'vemadetherightchoice.___16___Suddenly,thequieteveningyouplannedforyourselfbeginstoloseitsinitialappeal,andyoufindyourexcitementquicklyturnstoanxiety.___17___ArecentstudydefinedFOMOas"theuneasyfeelingthatyou'remissingoutyourpeersaredoingorinpossessionofmoreorsomethingbetterthanyou."Fearofmissingoutoftendevelopsasaresultofdeeperunhappiness.ResearchhasfoundthatthosewithlowlevelsofgenerallifesatisfactionaremorelikelytoexperienceFOMO.___18___Activeusersofsocialmediahaveahigherprobabilityofparingtheirachievementswithothers'.Ratherthanfindinghappinessthroughtheirownexperiences,theybeginworryingthattheirsaren'tobjectivelybetterthananyoneelse's.TheconsequencesofFOMOaresignificantandfarreaching.Onestudyconductedwithfirstyearuniversitystudentsfoundthatfearofmissingoutwasassociatedwithtiredness,stress,andsleepproblems.___19___Beginwithgratitude.Byreflectingonwhatyoualreadyhave,you'relesslikelytoputvaluablementalenergyinworryingaboutwhatyoudon't.EmbraceJOMO,orthejoyofmissingout.___20___So,turnoffyourphonesandtablets,andengageinsomethingyouenjoywhileresistingtheurgetouploadandshareit.Whilethismaytakepracticeandperseverance(坚持不懈），theresultsarewellworththeeffort.A.Therefore,youseeyourselfinnewways.B.Sohowcanyouoverethefear?C.WhoiseasilyaffectedbyFOMO?D.Fearofmissingout,orFOMO,isamonfeeling.E.JOMOallowsyoutofocusonwhatyoureallywantatanygivenmoment.F.AdoubtbeginssinkinginasyouimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsenceGFurtherworseningthealltoomonfeelingistheriseofsocialmediause.【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.B20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了FOMO“害怕错过”以及产生的原因，结果，克服它的方法。并介绍了JOMO“错失的快乐”的益处。【16题详解】根据空前Atleastforalittlewhileuntilyoustartwonderingifyou'vemadetherightchoice.可知，至少会持续一段时间，直到你开始怀疑自己是否做出了正确的选择。由此可知，空处谈论自己的疑惑；结合选项可知，选项F.Adoubtbeginssinkinginasyouimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence当您想像您的朋友在您不在时所享受的乐趣时，怀疑就开始浮现，本句与前一句呼应，谈论了自己的疑惑。故选F。【17题详解】根据空后ArecentstudydefinedFOMOas"theuneasyfeelingthatyou'remissing

outyourpeersaredoingorinpossessionofmoreorsomethingbetterthanyou."可知，最近的一项研究将FOMO定义为“一种不安的感觉，即你错过了同龄人正在做的事情，或者拥有比你更好的东西。”空处作者介绍了FOMO；结合选项可知，选项D.Fearofmissingout,orFOMO,isamonfeeling.害怕错过，或FOMO，是一种常见的感觉，此处FOMO在下一句有解释，符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】根据空前ResearchhasfoundthatthosewithlowlevelsofgenerallifesatisfactionaremorelikelytoexperienceFOMO.可知，研究发现，那些生活满意度较低的人更有可能经历FOMO。由此可知，空处谈论的这一情况带来的影响；结合选项可知，选项G.Furtherworseningthealltoomonfeelingistheriseofsocialmediause.社交媒体使用率的上升进一步加剧了这种普遍现象，本句与前一句呼应，符合题意。故选G。【19题详解】根据空后Beginwithgratitude.Byreflectingonwhatyoualreadyhave,you'relesslikelytoputvaluablementalenergyinworryingaboutwhatyoudon't.可知，从感恩开始。通过反思你已经拥有的东西，你就不太可能把宝贵的精力花在担心你没有的东西上。由此可推知，空处谈论如何克服恐惧；结合选项可知，选项B.Sohowcanyouoverethefear?那么你怎样才能克服恐惧呢?符合题意，因为空后Beginwithgratitude.回答了这一问题。故选B.【20题详解】根据空前EmbraceJOMO,orthejoyofmissingout.可知，作者建议我们欣然接受FOMO，所以空处谈论这么做的好处；结合选项可知，选项E.JOMOallowsyoutofocusonwhatyoureallywantatanygivenmoment.JOMO让你在任何时候都能专注于你真正想要的东西，与前一句呼应，符合题意。故选E。第三部分：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In2016,MaryannWebbwasfortingherchildwhensheaskedherselfaquestion:ifachildfromalovingfamily,___21___withtoysandbooks,canstillfeelanxious,howcanachildlivinginpovertydeal?Theformerprimaryschoolteacherknewthe___22___thateducationandsocialskillscanhaveonachild'swellbeing.Afteralittleresearch.shediscoveredthatthreemillionAustralianswereliving___23___thepovertylinein2017,andover700,000ofthesewerechildren.Asaparent,Iwasshockedbythatdata."saysWebb."ThemoreIlearnt,themoreIwas___24___todosomething."HerbrightideawastocreatePlayandLearnPacks.Theresultiscarefullyhandmadedollsandbooksforkids___25___thatpromotehealthybondsinthehomeand___26___thecycleofdisadvantage.WhatfollowedwasProjectKIN(KidsinNeed):acharitythatnotonlyhelpsdisadvantagedkids,___27___providessocialpathwaystowomenwhofeelsociallyisolated.Today,ProjectKINhasmorethan600volunteers.The"PlayandLearn"packseach___28___ahandmadedoll,thebookImagineIfYouHadaFriend,whichalsooffersadviceto___29___andcarersaboutbondingwithchildrenoverreading,andanactivitybook.Thepacksare___30___tochildrenfrompoorbackgrounds,andkidsexperiencingdisadvantage.Butthegooddeedsdon'tstopwiththechildren:ProjectKINisalsoinspiringamovementof___31___inthelivesofitsvolunteers.“Ourgoalispromotinghuman___32___thatcontributetothesocialandemotionalwellbeingofourvolunteersandthemunitiestheylivein,"saysWebb.ThecharitybringstogethervolunteersacrossAustraliawho___33___theircreations,patterns,tipsandstories,whichinturnprovidesvolunteerswitha___34___ofconnectednessandpurpose.＂WeknowourPlayandLearnpackswon'tsolvetheproblemof___35___,butwebelievethey'reapowerfulpieceofthe'change'puzzle,"saysWebb.21.A.filled B.surrounded C.decorated D.loaded22.A.influence B.benefit C.advantages D.drawbacks23.A.above B.beyond C.below D.across24.A.forced B.allowed C.inspired D.appointed25.A.inshort B.inneed C.indebt D.inorder26.A.promote B.conquer C.boycott D.break27.A.and B.but C.so D.or28.A.ewith B.connectwith C.gowith D.livewith29.A.students B.teenagers C.children D.parents30.A.gifted B.applied C.related D.rushed31.A.change B.liberty C.challenge D.equality32.A.activities B.needs C.sacrifices D.connections33.A.invent B.share C.respect D.mention34.A.meaning B.form C.method D.sense35.A.disadvantage B.promotion C.volunteers D.women【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.D30.A31.A32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了MaryannWebb创办的慈善组织ProjectKIN为贫困地区处于劣势环境孩子所做的事情。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果一个来自充满爱的家庭的孩子，被玩具和书籍包围着，仍然会感到焦虑，那么一个生活在贫困中的孩子该如何应对呢?A.filled填满；B.surrounded围绕，环绕；C.decorated装饰；D.loaded装载，装满。根据空前achildfromalovingfamily可知，因为是一个来自充满爱的家庭的孩子，所以这个孩子会被玩具和书籍包围着。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位前小学教师知道教育和社会技能对孩子的健康的影响。A.influence影响；B.benefit好处；C.advantages优点；D.drawbacks缺点。根据空后haveon可知，空处需用名词influence，havetheinfluenceon…对……有影响，固定短语。故选A。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：经过一些研究，她发现2017年有300万澳大利亚人生活在贫困线以下，其中超过70万是儿童。A.above在……之上；B.beyond超过；C.below在……之下；D.across穿过。根据第一段howcanachildlivinginpovertydeal?和第三段acharitythatnotonlyhelpsdisadvantagedkids,可知，此处指的是生活在贫困线下的人和孩子。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解的越多，就越受到激励要去做一些事情。A.forced强迫；B.allowed允许；C.inspired启发，激励；D.appointed任命，指定。根据后文HerbrightideawastocreatePlayandLearnPacks.可知，因为受到激励，所以Webb创建了PlayandLearnPacks。故选C。【25题详解】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：其结果是为需要帮助的孩子们精心制作的玩具娃娃和书籍，促进了家庭的健康联系，打破了劣势的循环。A.inshort总之；B.inneed有需要；C.indebt欠债；D.inorder井然有序。根据空后WhatfollowedwasProjectKIN(KidsinNeed)可知，此处指的是帮助有需要的孩子。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.promote推动，促进；B.conquer征服；C.boycott抵制；D.break打破。根据常识可知，因为贫穷的孩子一直处于劣势地位，所以此处指Webb想要打破这一劣势循环。故选D。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这个慈善机构不仅帮助弱势儿童，还为那些感到社会孤立的妇女提供社交途径。A.and和；B.but但是；C.so因此；D.or或者。根据notonly可知，空处需用but(also)，notonly…but(also)…，固定搭配。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个“"PlayandLearn"包装都随附一个手工玩偶。A.ewith与……一起供给