2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour(含解析)新人教版必修4

Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour李仕才一、阅读理解USmusiclegendBobDylanwontheNobelLiteraturePrizeonOctober13,2016,thefirstsongwritertowinthewell-knownawardinadecisionthatstunnedprizewatchers.Dylan,75,

washonored

“for

havingcreatednewpoetic

expressions

within

thegreatAmericansongtradition

”,theSwedishAcademysaid.Thechoicewasmetbygasps(倒吸气)andalongroundofapplausefromjournalistsattendingtheprizeannouncement.ThefolksingerhasbeenmentionedinNobelspeculationinthepastyears,butwasneverseenasaseriouscontender.Theacademy'spermanentsecretary,SaraDanius,saidDylan'ssongswere”poetryfortheears“.“Dylanhasthestatusofanicon.Hisinfluenceoncontemporarymusicisprofound(意义深远的),

”

theacademywroteinbiographical

notes

aboutthefamouslyprivatesinger.Lastyear,theprizewenttoBelarusianauthorSvetlanaAlexievichforherdocumentary­stylenarrativesbasedonwitnesstestimonies(证言).Dylanwilltakehomethe8millionkrone($971,000)prize.TheNobelisthelatestawardforthesinger,whohascomealongwayfromhishumblebeginningsasRobertAllenZimmerman,bornin1941inDuluth,

Minnesota,andwhotaughthimselftoplaytheharmonica(口琴),guitarandpiano.AttractedbythemusicoffolksingerWoodyGuthrie,ZimmermanchangedhisnametoBobDylan-reportedlyaftertheWelshpoetDylanThomas-andbeganperforminginlocalnightclubs.Afterdroppingoutofcollege,hemovedtoNewYorkin1960.Hisfirstalbumcontainedonlytwooriginalsongs,butthe1963breakthroughTheFreewheelin'BobDylanfeaturedalotofhisownsongs,includingtheclassicBlowin'intheWind.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.MusiciconBobDylanwinsNobelPrizeinLiteratureB.BobDylanhascreatednewpoeticexpressionsC.BobDylan'sinfluenceoncontemporarymusicisprofoundD.BobDylan'shasbeenmentionedinNobelspeculationinthepastyears2.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“contender”inPara.3?D.Apersoninacourtoflawwhodecideshowthelawshouldbeapplied.3.HowdidthejournalistsfeelthemomenttheyheardthenewsthatBobDylanwontheNobelPrizeinLiterature?A.Calm.B.Relieved.C.Surprised.D.Unfair.4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat________.A.DylanThomaswasaWelshpoetB.Blowin'intheWindisoneofBobDylan'sarticlesC.SaraDaniusistheacademy'spermanentsecretary`D.lastyear,theNobelPrizeinLiteraturewenttoaBelarusianauthor参照答案：1.A;2.B;3.C;4.B分析：1.[标题猜想题。依据全文如开头:USmusiclegendBobDylanwontheNobelLiteraturePrizeonOctober13,2016thefirstsongwritertowinthewell-knownawardinadecisionthatstunnedprizewatchers可得答案。]2.[词意猜想题。依据第三段:依据获取诺贝尔奖有强烈的竞争性,可知该词是“竞争者,争夺者”的意思。]3.[细节理解题。依据第三段:Thechoicewasmetbygasps(倒吸气)andalongroundofapplausefromjournalistsattendingtheprizeannouncement可知答案。]4.[事实判断题。依据第十段:butthe1963breakthroughTheFreewheelin'BobDylanfeaturedalotofhisownsongs,includingtheclassicBlowin'intheWind可得答案。]二、单句语法填空1．(2017·北京高考)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife，________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.22答案：rangingalargecollectionofwildlife与range之间是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作后置定语。2．Shoppingisnolongerjustanecessity;ithasbecomeaformof________(entertain)．答案：entertainment介词of后接名词，故填entertainment“娱乐；娱乐活动”。3．Thenewssaidthattheschoolsinthatsouthwesternareaare________(bad)offforteachingequipment,andeventeachers.答案：badlybebadlyoffforsth.“缺少某物”。4．Toeveryone's________(astonish),hehaswonthegame.答案：astonishmenttoone'sastonishment“使某人惊讶的是”。5．Thevillagerdoesn'twantmoremoney—heiscontent________whathehas.答案：withbecontentwith...“对感觉知足”。6．Sam________(convince)thathisgirlfriendloveshim.答案：isconvincedbeconvincedthat...“确信；相信”。7．Theywere________(wear)outafterworkinginthefieldsthewholedaylong.答案：wornbewornout“疲惫不堪的”。8．Uptonow,I________(read)asfarasthefifthchapter,thesecondvolumeofTheWarandPeace.答案：havereaduptonow“直到此刻”，常与此刻达成时连用。9．Thenumberofseniorhighschoolstudentsisincreasing,________ismentionedabove.答案：as本句中，as指引非限制性定语从句。asismentionedabove“正如上面所提到的”。10．TheseasonrunsJunethroughAugust,withadditional________(perform)inMarchandSeptember.答案：performances形容词additional后应接名词，performance在本句中意为“表演”，是可数名词，由空后的介词短语可知表示多场表演，故填performances。三、完形填空。Forme，twooftheloveliestwordsinEnglishare“Lifepersists”．I__1__themyearsagoasacollegestudent，sittinginthelibrary，__2__，workingonapaper.Outofnowhere，thosewordscame__3__offthepageinaquote(引语)：“Inthemidstofdeathlifepersists，inthemidstof__4__truthpersists，inthemidstofdarknesslightpersists.”3SuddenlyIwasn'tunhappyandimpatientanymore.ThenI__5__mygranddad.Ilovedtotalkwithhim.AndIwas__6__tohearwhathe'dthinkofit.Hehadpoorhearing，soIhadto__7__itafewtimes，butoncehe__8__it，helaughed.“AllIcansaytothatistotally__9__，”hesaidonthephone.ItoldhimhowgladIwas，afteralongwinter，tofinallyseespringand__10__tofindthatquote.“Whyisthat？”heasked.“Well，springisasure__11__thatlifepersists.Anditjustmakesme__12__.”Helaughedagain，andthen__13__hislovelyvoice，herecitedformehis__14__“springtime”words：“Thedesertshallrejoice(快乐)，and__15__astherosedoes...evenwithjoyandsinging.”Manyyearslater，__16__myhusbandandIdroveacrossadesertwithmanywildflowersandblooming(绽放的)cactuses，Icould__17__hearmygranddadlaughing：“Thedesertshallrejoice.”Lifepersists，andsodowe，inthesilenceof__18__andthebloomingofcactuses；andinthedeadof__19__andthegreenofspring.Spring__20__usthatwe'realiveforever.1．A.lookedforB．happenedonC．pickedoutD．madeup2．A.boredB．concentratedC．tiredD．confused3．A.runningB．dancingC．rushingD．moving4．A.fearB．accusationC．suspicionD．untruth5．A.calledB．visitedC．consultedD．informed6．A.patientB．confidentC．upsetD．desperate7．A.copyB．printC．repeatD．recite8．A.gotB．madeC．undertookD．managed9．A.puzzlementB．scepticismC．agreementD．disapproval4410．A.practicallyB．especiallyC．obviouslyD．naturally11．A.wayB．inspirationC．remarkD．sign12．A.astonishedB．energeticC．merryD．alive13．A.inB．withC．ofD．beyond14．A.impressiveB．superbC．classicalD．favorite15．A.existB．flowerC．surviveD．sow16．A.afterB．whenC．untilD．although17．A.hardlyB．alwaysC．almostD．mostly18．A.journeysB．wordsC．worldD．desert19．A.winterB．springC．summerD．autumn20．A.convincesB．assuresC．remindsD．strikes【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，叙述的是作者有感于春季的活力，从有时读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。生命长存于漫漫荒漠的植物中，长存于冬去春来的绿意中。冬去春来，生命依旧长存，而我们也要持续前行。1．B依据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书室里作者有时碰到这两个单词“Lifepersists”。happenon“有时碰到或发现”，切合语境。pickout“精选，鉴别出”；makeup“假造”。2．A依据下文中的“SuddenlyIwasn'tunhappyandimpatientanymore”可知，作者当时在图书室里的心情是很愁闷的。应选bored“厌烦的，愁闷的”。3．B这两个词忽然从册页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。dancing在此形象生动地描绘了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者碰到它们的有时性。4．D在死亡中，生命依旧坚持；在谎话中，真谛依旧长存；在黑暗中，光明依旧永驻。依据句中的death与life,darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。5untruth“虚假，不真切”，切合语境。accusation“指控”；suspicion“思疑”。5．A依据下文中的“onthephone”可知，作者给爷爷打电话。call“(给)打电话”，切合语境。visit“探望，拜见”；consult“咨询”；inform“见告”。6．D依据语境及上文中的“Ilovestotalkwithhim”可知，作者很想听到爷爷(对这句话)是怎么看的。desperate“极想，盼望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7．C依据上文中的“Hehadpoorhearing，soIhadto”和下文中的“afewtimes”可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复(repeat)这句话。copy“抄录”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。8．A可是一旦作者的爷爷理解(gotit)了，他就笑了起来。makeit“获取成功，准时抵达”。9．C依据上文中的“laughed”和下文中作者的爷爷所背诵的语句与该句话的主题的一致性可知，作者的爷爷对这句话所表达的主题是完整赞成的。puzzlement“迷惑”；scepticism“思疑”；agreement“赞成，赞成”；disapproval“反对，不同意”。10．B作者告诉爷爷她在漫长的冬季事后，最后看到春季，特别是有时发现这句引语，自己是有多快乐。especially“特别，特别”，切合语境。practically“实质地，差不多”；obviously“显然地”；naturally“自但是然地”。11．D春季就是一个可信的迹象，它表示生命是长存的。sign“迹象，征兆”切合语境。inspiration“激励人心的人(或事物)”。12．C依据上文中的“Iwasn'tunhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(快乐)”“joy”及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感觉高兴(merry)。astonished“震撼的”；energetic“精力充足的”。13．A作者的爷爷又笑了笑，而后用他那动听的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜爱的语句。in...voice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14．D拜见上题分析。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；superb“极佳的，质量极高的”；classical“经典的”；favorite“最喜爱的”。15．B荒漠应当快乐，像玫瑰相同绽放。依据空后的“astherosedoes”可知，flower“开花”切合语境。16．B多年后，看作者和丈夫驱车穿越一个有好多野花和绽放的神仙掌的荒漠时，她几乎又听到了爷爷笑着说“荒漠应当快乐”。剖析句子构造可知，空处在此指引时间状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，应选when。17．C拜见上题分析。almost“几乎，差不多”，切合语境。18．D依据空后的“thebloomingofcactuses...”和上文中的“adesertwithmanywildflowersandblooming(绽放的)cactuses”及“Thedesertshallrejoice”可知，生命长存，相同的，我们也要坚持。生命长存于沉寂的荒漠(desert)中和绽放的神仙掌里。6619．Ainthedeadofwinter“在寒冬，在寒冬”。空前的dead形象地表现出了冬季万物冷清的情景，与春季的绿意及万物复苏的情景形成鲜亮的对照。20．C春季提示我们，我们永久充满活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使确信”；remind“提示”；strike“忽然想到”。四、单句改错1．Perhapsyoucanhelpmepickupapairofjeansnow,sinceyouareanexpert._____________________________________________________答案：up→outpickout“精选”。2．Shestoodoutsidethestation,lookingatalldirections,butapparentlynoonehadcometomeether._____________________________________________________答案：at→ininalldirections“朝/向四周八方”。3．Withtheelectricitybeingcutoff,allthemachineshadtostopworking._____________________________________________________答案：去掉beingcutoff与electricity存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词短语作宾语补足语，表示动作已达成。4．OccasionsarequiterarethatIhavetimetospendadaywithmykids._____________________________________________________答案：that→when此处occasions意为“机遇；时候”，在本句中为先行词，指引词在定语从句中作状语，表时间。故用when指引该定语从句。5．Beingtooparticularwithwhatyouwearisnotagoodhabit._____________________________________________________答案：with→about/overbeparticularabout/over“对挑剔/讲究”。五、七选五Freshmenanywheremaybenervousaboutuniversitylife.Here,threepiecesofadviceareforthem.Listenbutdon’tbesilentTheworldisheldinstudents’handviasmartphones.Thus,theymayconsiderlecturelisteninglessimportant.1Itforcesstudentstofacethedifficultiesoftrainingadeepattentiveness.Unsurprisingly,studentsfindithardtospeakout,askquestionsorforpointsofclarification.Theydon’twanttoappear7foolishorincapable.However,thereisnosuchthingasafoolishquestion.TeachersReadandbuybooksThere’aremanybargainstobefoundonused-bookwebsitesorthroughAmazon.Beingabookloverandbuyerwillhelpanystudentgetthemostoutoftheireducation.4Asastudent,youdon’tjusthavetolearntolistenandbecomeanactivereader:youalsohavetobecomeanacademicwriter.Writtenworka