高考主谓一致的测试热点课件

高三英语总复习语法系列训练主谓一致高考测试热点1、语法一致的原则：语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；1）主语后有alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas,accompaniedby,ratherthan,but,except，besides,includingandinadditionto

等连接的词组，其谓语的单复数以主语单复数而定。例如：Severalpassengers,togetherwiththedriver,werehurt.2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Fiftyyearsisnotalongtime.3）动名词,不定式，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

Earlytobedandearlytoriseishealthful.4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each,every,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如：Everyboyandgirlinthisregionistaughttoreadandwrite.

主谓一致是指句中的主语和谓语的一致。我们一般遵从三个原则：Thetroublewithsuchresourcesascoal,oilandgas______thattheyarenotrenewable.A.hasbeen B.are C.havebeen D.isthetrouble/problemwith...意为“由……带来的问题；……存在的问题”。题中：thetrouble为主语部分的中心词。再如：【例1】【解题要点精析】D题例精析Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmates_____invitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeenA—Mike,whatdidourmonitorsayjustnow?—Everyboyandeverygirlaswellasteacherswho_____tovisitthemuseum____askedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.（07南京一中卷）A.is;is B.are;areC.is;are D.are;isD解答该题的关键是要理解题干结构，把握以every,no,each等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词用作主语时的主谓一致以及定语从句中的主谓一致。【解题要点精析】该题为一个带有定语从句的复合句，句中作定语的关系代词who指代先行词teachers，为复数，故谓语动词该用are；aswellas连接两个主语时，谓语动词要根据前一个主语决定；由every,no,each等限定的并由and连接的两个并列名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。【例3】Everydeskandeverychair___madeofwood.

Manyaboyandgirl_____madethesamemistake.(has/have)ishas

everyeachnomanya+名词单数＋and+everyeachnomanya+名词单数作主语时谓语用单数Nomanandnowoman_____stayingoutinwinter.(like/likes)likes再如：2、意义一致的原则：意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。例如：Thepopulationoftheearthisincreasingveryfast.类似这样的集体名词有：family,class,audience,committee（委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council（理事会）,village等。2)单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：sheep,fish,deer,means(方法),species(种类),works(工厂),Chinese,Japanese等。选择填空

has/haveEverymeans_____beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.

All

means______beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.

was/wereThis

shoeworks______setupin1980.

Thoseshoeworks_______allsetupin1980.

hashavewaswereAll/most/some/partofthewater____gone.Mostofmyclassmates______hard.Apartofthestory_____nottrueaccordingtothewitness.iswork3)由all,most,half,rest,part,some等修饰的名词是单数时,V谓用单数；修饰的名词是复数时，Ｖ谓用复数。isOver30%ofthestudents_____absentfromthemeeting.Overthreequrtersofthecity_____destroyedinthewar.werewas4)分数／百分数of+n.时，修饰的名词是单数或不可数名词时,V谓用单数；修饰的名词是复数时，Ｖ谓用复数。Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth____sea.

is

Heiswho____givenaprize.

Heiswho_______givenaprize.oneoftheboystheonlyoneoftheboyswerewas6)关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。1)由

manya

或

morethanone+

单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。

Specialattention:Manyaforeigner_________totheGreatWall.

Morethanoneteacher_____thisclevergirl.(likes/like)hasbeenlikes

2)

eachneithereither+of+the+复数名词或代词Eachofus_____adictionary.Eitherofthebooksonthetable_________tome.(belong/belongs)Neitherofthem_____fitforthejob.当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数hasbelongsis=Theyeach

haveadictionary.Eachofthem

hasadictionary.PracticemakesperfectAnumberofstudents___goneforanouting.Thenumberofstudents___increasingyearafteryear.A.have;hasB.is;haveC.has;haveD.have;is2.Eachstudent___gotanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thestudentseach____adictionary.A.have;hasB.has;haveC.have;haveD.has;has3.There___apen,anink-bottle,andsomebooksonit.There___somebowls,platesandaspoononit.A.is;areB.are;areC.are;isD.is;isDBA6.Only10%ofthestudentsintheclass____Leaguemembers.About40%ofJim’sincome____totherent.A.are;goesB.are;goC.is;goesD.is;go5.Thepoliceman___standingatthestreetcorner.Thepolice____searchingforhim.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;isAC4.Mybluetrousers____wornout.Onepairoftrousers___notenough.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;isD7.Betweenthetworowsoftrees____theteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.arestandingB8.Thewounded_______bythehospital.A.havebeentakenin

B.hasbeentakeninC.havetakenin

D.hastakeninA9.Aftersayinggood-bye,thecouplemovedoffand____inthecrowd.A.waslostB.werelostC.hadlostD.lostB10.Thesalesmantoldmethatagoodsetoftires____guaranteedtorunatleastfiftythousandmiles.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.willbeA

Practicemakesperfect.There____littlechangeinthatmiddleschool.A.haveB.hadC.havebeenD.hasbeen3.It’snotyoubutMr.Andersonwho___toanswer____theincident.A.are;forB.were;toC.is;forD.was;back2.____neitheryounoryourbrotherinterestedinswimming?A.AreB.IsC.DoD.DoesDCASuch________whathetoldme.Such_________hiswords.

Thefollowing______hisadviceonlearningEnglish.

Thefollowing_______sometipstolearnEnglish.

waswere

is

are主谓一致的测试热点1．由manya或morethanone+单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。

ManyaforeignerhasbeentotheGreatWall.Morethanonestudenthasvisitedtheexhibition.

2．“……的几分之几”和“……的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of后的名词。

Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.40percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.3．“anumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。

Anumberofpupilslikereadingpicture-books.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis55.7．主语是单数，其后跟有togetherwith,alongwith(与……一道)，aswellas(和；也)，nolessthan(和……一样)，ratherthan(而不)，以及with,not,like,but,except,besides,including等引起的短语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

HeaswellashissisterisaLeaguemember.

8．在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。

I,whoamyourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.

9．主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，谓语用单数。

Mytrousersarebeingwashednow.Thereisapairofshoesinthebox.10．表示度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主语时一般被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。

Tendollarsisnotenough.Threemonthshaspassedsinceheleft.

11．主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词以及news,works(工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。

Mathematicsseemstobedifficulttolearn.Anewmeansofteachingisbeingusedinthatschool.

12．主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。

TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.

19．在倒装句中以及在Therebe…结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。

Whereisyourmotherandyoungersister?Thereisapen,twopencilsandfivebooksonthedesk.20．主语people作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。

Ourpeopleisagreatone.Thereare56peoplesinChina.

21．主语是a/this/thatkind/sort/typeof+名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。

Thiskindofclothfeelssoft.Therearedifferentkindsofanimals.22．主语是“eachof…”，“neitherof…”，“eitherof…”，“oneof

…”等时，其谓语用单数。

Eachofthemhashisownduty.23．陈述部分用everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone或no+复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用they。而陈述部分用everything,something,nothing,anything时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用it。

Somebodyiswaitingforyou,aren’they?Everythingisallright,isn’tit?24．动名词或动词不定式作主语，其谓语用单数形式。Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryisnotdecidedyet.25．用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。“I”istheninthletteroftheEnglishAlphabet.26．在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则who或that后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。ItisMikewhoalwayshelpsmestudymathsaftercla