中医英语课件整理

中医英语整理资料Chapter1Yin-yangandfivephasetheory.1Basictermsandphrasesinyin-yangandfivephasetheory• 阴阳学说Yin-yangtheory•母气motherqi•子气childqi•子气childqi•五行学说Fivephase(element)theory•虚deficiency精气学说Essentialqitheory•实•实excess•表exterior•里interior•热heat•寒cold相生engendering(woodengendersfire;Fireengendersearth…)相克(restraining(Earthrestrainswater,Waterrestrainsfire…)相乘overwhelming(或over-acting)相侮rebellion(或insulting)•母子相及motherandchildaffecting•阴盛yinexuberanceeachother阴盛阳衰Yinexuberancewithyangdebilitation阳盛阴衰Yangexuberancewithyindebilitation阴阳是事物的两类属性Yinandyangarethefundamentalcategoriesofallphenomena.背属阳，腹属阴；Thebackisyangandtheabdomenisyin.六腑属阳，五脏属阴Thesixbowelsareyangandthefivevisceraareyin.气属阳，血属阴表、实、热证属阳，里、虚、寒属阴Exterior,excessandheatdiseasepatternsareyang,whileinterior,deficiencyandcolddiseasepatternsareyin.阴阳互根mutualrootingofyinandyang阳根于阴，阴根于阳Yanghasitsrootinyin;yinhasitsrootinyang.阴损及阳Detrimenttoyinaffectsyang阳损及阴Detrimenttoyangaffectsyin.月干阳上亢Ascendanthyperactivityofliveryang阳胜则阴病，阴胜则阳病；Ifyangabounds,yinailsandifyinabounds,yangails.阳胜则热，阴胜则寒Whenyangprevails,thereisheatandwhenyinprevailsthereiscold.寒胜则痛whencoldprevails,thereispain.升清降浊upbearingtheclearanddownbearingtheturbid邪之所凑，其气必虚Forpathogenstoencroach,qimustbedeficient(translatedbyNigelWiseman)大肠主津，小肠主液Thelargeintestinegovernsfluidwhilethesmallintestinegovernshumor.夺血者无汗，夺汗者无血。Despoliationofblooddiminishessweat,anddespoliationofsweatdiminishesblood.衄家不可发汗，亡血家不可发汗。Patientssufferingfromnosebleedsmaynotbemadetosweatandpatientssufferingfrombloodcollapsemaynotbemadetosweat.1.2治疔学(Therapeutics)•散dissipate•滋enrich•理regulate•养nourish•清clear•健fortify•泻purge•固secure•敛constrain•解release•润moisten•涩astringe•补tonify•祛dispelstomachstomach•温warm益replenish除eliminate滋enrich化resolve化痰resolvephlegm（转）化transform肝阳化火liveryangtransformingintofire肝阳化风liveryangtransformingintowind疏soothing（动词原形：soothe）疏肝理气soothetheliverandregulateqi疏肝养血soothetheliverandnourishtheblood疏肝健脾soothetheliverandfortifythespleen疏肝和胃soothetheliverandharmonizethestomach温补命门warmandtonifythelifegate解表releasetheexterior清法clearingmethod清肝火clearliverfire清热和胃clearheatandharmonizethe泻火purgefire泻肝purgetheliver泻心purgetheheart润肠Moistentheintestines温胃warmthestomach温中warmthemiddle温中散寒warmthemiddletodissipatecold温中和胃warmthemiddletoharmonizethestomach温阳行水warmyangtomovewater温经止痛warmthemeridiantorelievepain散淤dissipatethestasis散寒dissipatecold潜阳subdueyang平肝潜阳pacifythelivertosubdueyang宣肺止咳diffusethelungtosuppresscough宣肺平喘diffusethelungtocalmpanting宣肺化痰diffusethelungtoresolvephlegm补气生血tonifyqiandengenderblood补养心血tonifyandnourishheartblood滋阴补阳enrichyinandtonifyyang虚者补之Treatdeficiencywith(orby)tonification或Deficiencyistreatedwith(orby)tonification寒者热之Treatcoldwithheat祛风齐Uwind-dispellingformula清暑剂summerheat-clearingformula安神剂tranquilizingformula1.3Syndromedifferentiation热者寒之Treatheatwithcold扶正祛邪reinforcethehealthyqiandeliminatethepathogenicfactors.八法eightmethods扶正reinforcethehealthyqi祛邪eliminatethepathogenicfactors.补益剂tonifyingandreplenishingformula理血剂blood-regulatingformula辨证patternidentification/syndromedifferentiation阴阳辨证yin-Yangpatternidentification/syndromedifferentiation阴阳失调证pattern/syndromeofyin-yangdisharmony阴证yinpattern/syndrome阴虚证yindeficiencypattern/syndrome阴阳两虚pattern/syndromeofdualdeficiencyofyinandyang阴虚火旺证pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywitheffulgentfire阴虚水停证pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithwaterretention阴虚湿热证pattern/syndromeofyindeficiencywithdampness-heatlowfever,nightsweating(nightsweats),flushedcheeksintheafternoon,vexingheatinthechest,palmsandsoles,abitterandgreasytasteinthemouth,reddenedtonguewithyellowslimyfurandrapidfinepulse表证exteriorpatternsuddenonset,aversiontocoldortowind,fever,headache,generalizedpain,thintonguefurandfloatingpulse半表半里证half-exteriorhalf-interiorpattern/syndromebittertasteinthemouth,drythroat,nauseaandlossofappetite,string-likepulse表虚证exteriordeficiencypattern/syndromereluctancetospeak,lassitude,palpitation,dizziness,tinnitus,decreasedfoodintake,weakpulse表寒证exteriorcoldpattern表热证exteriorheatpattern里热证interiorheatpattern表热里寒patternofexteriorheatandinteriorcoldChapter2Qi,blood,essenceandfluidandhumor1Basicterms津液fluidandhumor伤津damagetofluid先天之气innateqi(prenatalqi)先天之精innateessence后天之气acquiredqi后天之精acquiredessence正气healthyqi邪气pathogenicqi兀气primordialqi(sourceqi)卫气defensiveqi营气nutrient(nutritive)qi脏气visceralqi腑气bowelqi血虚blooddeficiency肝藏血theliverstorestheblood.脾统血thespleenmanagestheblood.血主濡之bloodgovernsnutrition.血热bloodheat血为气之母bloodisthemotherofqi血瘀bloodstasis瘀血staticbloodEssenceisthebasisofthebodyacquiredessenceessenceofwaterandfoodreproductiveessence(innateessence)气为血之帅Qiisthecommanderoftheblood.气能生血Qiengendersblood.气能行血Qimovesblood.气能摄血Qicontainsblood.气不摄血Qideficiencyfailingtocontrolblood气脱qicollapse气闭qiblock气滞qistagnation气逆qicounterflow气陷qisinking气机不利inhibitedqimovement(或inhibitedqidynamics)三焦tripleenergizers上焦upperenergizer中焦middleenergizer下焦lowerenergizer筋骨sinewsandbones血气不和，百病乃而生Ifbloodandqifallintodisharmony,ahundreddiseasesmayarise.气主煦之，血主濡之Qiinvigoratesandbloodnourishes.Humanlifedependsonthisqi.Whenqigathers,thephysicalbodyisformed;whenitdisperses,thebodydies中焦受气，取汁，变化为赤，是谓血Themiraculouspivotstates:"themiddleenergizertakesinqi,extractsitsessence,andturnsitintotheredsubstancethatisblood.”肝受血而能视；足受血能步；掌受血能握；指受血而能摄。Theliverreceivesblood,sothereissight;thelegsreceivebloodandthusareabletowalk;thehandsreceivebloodandsoareabletogrip;thefingersreceivebloodandthenareabletograsp.中焦之所受气者，泌其糟粕，蒸津液，化其精微，上行于肺脉，乃化而为血，以奉生身，莫贵于此，故独得行于经隧，命日营气。Fromtheqithatthemiddleenergizertakesin,itproduceswasteanddistillsfluidsfromwhichitextractstheessence.Thisthenflowsintothelungmeridianwhereitistransformedintobloodwhichfurnishestheneedsofthebody.Itspreciousnessisunexcelledbyanything.Itflowsthroughthebloodvesselsandisknownasnutrientqi.2Symptoms血虚证:证见面白无华或萎黄、唇色淡白、爪甲苍白、头晕眼花、心悸失眠、手足发麻、舌淡苔白、脉细无力blooddeficiencypattern/syndromeCommonly-seensymptomsinblooddeficiencysyndromeare:pale(lusterless)orsallowcomplexion,palelipsandnails,dizziness,dimmedvision,insomnia,palpitations,numbnessofextremities,paletongueandwhitetonguefurandfine(forceless)pulse.面色淡白或晦滞，身倦乏力，气少懒言，疼痛如刺，常见于胸胁，痛处不移，拒按，舌淡暗或有紫斑，脉沉涩。Palewhiteordull,darkcomplexion,lassitudeandlackofstrength,shortageofqiwithnodesiretotalk,unpalpablestabbingpainfrequentlyseeninrib-side(s)offixedlocation,paletongueorwithpurplespeckles,sunkenandroughpulse.Bloodcollapsespatternacriticalpatternoccurringincasesofacutemassivebleeding,markedbypallor,dizziness,palpitations,faintandshortbreathing,coldextremitiesandevenmentalconfusion,paletongue,hardlyperceptiblepulse.BloodstasispatternApatternmarkedbyformationofvisiblepainfulandtendermass,orabdominalmasswithstabbingpainandtenderness,orbleedingofbloodwithclots,irregularpulse.BloodheatpatternApatternthatoccurswhenexuberantpathogenicheatentersthebloodaspectandismanifestedbyfever,nose-bleeds,vomitingofblood,expectorationofblood,bloodystool,skineruptions,oradvancedperiodswithprofusebright-redmenstrualdischarge,vexation,orevendeliriumandconvulsions,deepcrimsontongueandrapidstring-likepulse.咳嗽cough干咳drycough干呕dryretching呕吐Vomiting吐酸acidvomiting呃逆hiccup暧气belching恶心nausea久病enduringdisease(illness)体质虚弱weakconstitution营养不良malnutrition劳倦overexertionandfatigue食欲不振poorappetite消化不良indigestion胸闷oppressioninthechest脱肛prolapseoftherectum大量失血heavybloodloss血液生成bloodformation面色complexion面色萎黄sallowfacialcomplexion面黄yellowcomplexion面色苍白palecomplexion面色淡白palewhitecomplexion（注意）面色晦暗dull,darkcomplexion头晕dizziness心悸palpitation惊悸frightpalpitations钝痛dullpain耳痛earpain目痛eyepain胸痛chestpain胃痛stomachpain腹痛abdominalpain足跟痛heelpain心慌flusteredness健忘forgetfulness（amnesia）无泽lusterless失眠insomnia心烦vexation烦热heatvexation手足烦热vexingheatintheextremities手足心热heatinthepalmsandsoles五心烦热 vexingheatinthechestpalmsandsoles身重heavybody身痒generalizeditching身痛generalizedpain麻木（不仁）numbness胀痛distendingpain刺痛stabbingpain冷痛coldpain灼痛scorchingpain固定痛fixedpain剧痛severepain痛无定处painofunfixedlocation耳鸣tinnitus口渴thirst口干drymouth口淡blandtasteinthemouth口苦bittertasteinthemouth口甜sweettasteinthemouth宿食retainedfood嗜偏食dietarypredilection五味偏嗜flavorpredilection饮食不节dietaryirregularities暧气belching便溏sloppystool(orloosestools)水泻waterydiarrhea里急后重tenesmus儒泄soggydiarrhea便脓血stoolcontainingpusandblood大便干硬hardboundstool小便不利inhibitedurination小便频数frequenturination小便涩痛difficultpainfulurination小便浑浊turbidurine口酸sourtasteinthemouth口:罡astringenttasteinthemouth口咸saltytasteinthemouth口麻numbnessinthemouth口粘腻stickyslimysensationinthemouth小便短赤shortvoidingsofreddishurine小便清长longvoidingsofclearurine沉脉sunkenpulse数脉rapidpulse细脉finepulse(threadypulse)洪脉surgingpulse(floodingpulse)弦脉string-likepulse濡脉soggypulse微脉faintpulse浮脉floatingpulse缓脉moderatepulse淡白舌paletongueRedtongue红舌Purpletongue紫舌paleredtongue淡红舌小便短少shortvoidingsofscanturinebluetongue青舌bluishpurpletongue青紫舌crimsontongue绛舌舌苔tonguefur白苔whitefur黄苔yellowfur燥苔dryfur厚苔thickfur粘腻苔stickyslimyfur谵语deliriousspeech错语disorderedspeechChapter3DiseaseandIts1Basicterms三因threecauses内因internalcause外因externalcause不内外因causesneitherinternalnorexternal外感疾病externallycontracted