仁爱八(上)形容词、副词的比较等级用法

1、形容词、副词的比较等级-邓翔制作思 路一、形容词、副词比较等级的含义及构成规则1.规则变化:单音节词和部分双音节词;多音节词和部分双音节词2.不规则变化二、形容词或副词的原级用法1、as +adj/adv原+as.2、not so/as +adj/adv原+as.三、形容词或副词的比较级的用法1、比较级+than.2、比较级中的the.3、比较级+and+比较级。4、the +比较级,the+另一比较级。5、可修饰比较级的词。四、形容词或副词的最高级的用法1、最高级用法。2、比较级与最高级的转化。3、可修饰最高级的词。(the,形物、指示代或名词所有格;二者有一。讲解过程一、形容词、副词比较等

2、级的含义及构成规则一>含义:有三级,原级(原形,比较级(较或更一些和最高级(最。二>构成规则:1.规则变化:1>单音节词和部分双音节词:(词尾读音见课本120页a.直接加“er/est”.e.g. strong-stronger-strongest , new , few,b.以不发音e结尾的加“-r/-st”. e.g.nice,late,fine,brave.c.以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母,需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加“er/est”. e.g.fat,big,hot,thin.d.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为I, 再加“er/est”.e.g.easy,ha

3、ppy.2>多音节词和部分双音节词:在词前加more/most. e.g.popular,wonderful,interesting,difficult,important,beautiful,carefully. 2.不规则变化:不规则变化有10个,好、坏、多、少、远和老;多对一有三个,两多、两好、三不好;(many/much,good/well,bad/badly/ill一对二有两个,一个“远”和一个“老”,(far-farther(更远farthest(最远;further(更进一步- furthest(最大程度;old-elder(较年长的-eldest(最年长的,older-o

4、ldest还有一个要注意,little译“少”不译“小”。(little-less-least三>课堂练习:写出下列词的比较级和最高级E.g.thin(原-thinner(比-thinnest(最1.thin _ _2.easy _ _3.early _ _4.new _ _5.hot _ _6.clever _ _7.little _ _8.late _ _9.narrow_ _ 10.fat _ _11.many _ _12.big _ _13.dangerous_ _14.wonderful _ _15.careful _ _16.slowly _ _17.popular _ _1

5、8.few_ _ 19.bad_ _20.well_ _二、形容词或副词的原级用法、比较级、最高级用法1、原级的用法1>修饰原级的词:表示绝对概念的副词(如very,so,too,enough,quite等只能用来修饰原级的词。e.g. The man is very/so/too/quite tall.2>表示“A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时”用原级。a.肯定句式:A+谓语+as+adj/adv原级+as+B:A和B一样。e.g. English is as important as Chinese. He is as tall as you.He runs as fast a

6、s you. I did my homework as carefully as you.b. 肯定句式:A+谓语+not+as/so+adj/adv原级+as+B:A没有B。e.g. English isnt as/so important as Chinese. He isnt as/so tall as you.He doesnt run as/so fast as you3>A是B的倍:A+谓语+倍数+as +adj/adv原级+as+B.e.g. Our school is three times as big as his. 我校是他校的三倍。This table is tw

7、ice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。4>half as +adj/adv原级+as:是的一半。e.g. His apples are half as many as his sisters.他的苹果是他妹妹的一半多。2、比较级的用法(两者之间的比较1>修饰比较级的词:是表示程度的副词(如:a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather等,这些副词起加强语气的作用,表示“一点点,得多,更”。e.g. Its much hotter in Guangdong than that in J

8、ilin.广东的天气比吉林的热得多。I feel a little better now. a little taller高一点点,even heavier更重,far/much taller高得多。2>A+谓语+比较级+than+B(比较对象:A比B。e.g. Im cleverer than you. He runs faster than Jim.3>比较级+and+同一比较级:越来越(注:多音节词结构为:more and more+多音节adj。e.g. Better and better. Lazier and lazier. Longer and longer.more

9、 and more beautiful/important/wonderful/interesting.4>the+比较级,the+另一比较级:越,越;越就越。e.g. The more,the better.多多益善。The more you eat,the fatter you will be. The lazier you are,the less you will get. 5>the +比较级名词的复数:两者中较的一个(注意比较级前特指的the。e.g. LiXiang is the taller of the two students.李翔是那两个学生中较高的那一个。M

10、r.Wang runs the faster of the two old men.6>比较级+than+any other+单数名词+介词短语:比任何人或物都。e.g. He is cleverer than any other student in his class.(去掉other的话,出现自身与自身相比Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.上海比中国的任何其他城市都大。注:1>比较级必须是同类事物进行比较(即:as或than后的词应该与主语是同类事物,注意常用漏掉的代词有:that,those.e.g. The w

11、eather in Beijing is better than that in Shanghai.(that代替weatherThe air in the countryside is fresher than that in the city.Its much hotter in Guangdong than that in Jilin.广东的天气比吉林的热得多。The flowers in Picture One are much more beautiful than those in Picture Two.2>个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用“any other+单数名词”

12、来比较。e.g. Jim(个体 is cleverer than any student in his class(整体.(any后加other才对= Jim is the clevereet in his class. =Jim is cleverer than anybody else in his class.China is bigger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其它国家大。3>区别以下词:Older :

13、指“(年龄更大些”,用于比较级。 elder :指“兄弟姐妹中排行在前的”,只能用作定语形容词,表长辈。e.g. My elder brother(哥哥 is older than me.我哥哥比我大。 Elder sister:姐姐;He is older than me.Farther:指距离“较远的”。 e.g. Changliu is farther from our school than Shuangfeng.Further:指抽象事物的“更进一步的”。 e.g.He went abroad for further studies.3、最高级的用法(三者或三者以上进行比较1>

14、三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级。(形容词最高级前要加the,副词最高级前一般不加the最高级常与表范围的in或of短语连用(of+个体名词,in+集体名词。e.g. He is the youngest in our class.他是我们班最小的。Shanghai is the biggest city in China. He is the tallest of the three boys.2>one of +the adj原级+名词复数:中最之一。e.g. Lily is one of the most beautiful girls in our class.3>

15、;序数词+最高级:表示“第几最(但第一最不要用:firste.g. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China.(去掉first才对The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.4>使用最高级时应该把主语包括在范围内。e.g. Marry is the tallest of all her sisters.(排除了Marry,应改为:all the sisters5>adj高前加the,adv高前一般不加the;当adj高前有“物主代词、指示代词或名词

16、所有格”修饰时,不再加the。e.g.He is my best friend. Lily is my the best friend.(要去掉the才对Tomorrow will be my busiest day. He runs fastest in our class.(副词最高级前不加theLinTao did best in English of all.(do well in,well(副词的最高级省掉the林涛的英语最好。课堂练习题一、选择题1.Her _ sister is two years_than she.A.elder,olderB.old,olderC. older

17、,elder2.The _ a car is from us,the _ it looks.A.farther away,smallerB. farther away ,lessC. further away , smaller3.China is larger than_ in Africa.A.any countryB. any other countryC. any of the other country4.Birds are_ than insects.A.biggerB.bigC. the biggest5.Tigers feed _ small animals.A.onB. fo

18、rC. at6.We are making our country _now.A.much more beautifulB. much beautifulC.beauty7.The snake is one of _ in the world.A.the most dangerous animalsB. the most dangerous animalC. more dangerous animals8.The Changjiang River is the third _ in the world.A.longest riverB.longest riversC.long river9.L

19、iMing has 3 sisters.Marry is the _ of the three.A.most cleverestB. cleverestC.cleverer10.The weather in Kunming is warmer than _in Zhengzhou.A.thatB.thoseC. this11.He made the_mistakes in the dictation(听写exercise.A.fewestB.fewerC.least12.I like birds.I think they are _interesting than flowers.A.more

20、B.muchC.far13.She _the bowl_ warm water and passed it to me with both hands.A.filled,withB. filled,inC. filled,out14.I think maths is _ important than English.A.much moreB.a little muchC.more much15.The two men killed those sheep _their fur and meat.A.forB.withC.to16.There is _noise and cars in the

21、countryside.A.less,fewerB.less,lessC.fewer,fewer17.They often go to the countryside_their vacation.A.forB.toC.with18.-How many players can_a basketballteam?Five.A.make upB.make inC.make of19.Which is_,the moon,the earth or the sun?A.the biggestB.biggestC.bigger20.The apples in my bag are bigger than

22、 _in your bag.A.thoseB.thatC.ones21.Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese?A. difficultB. the difficultC. more difficultD. the most difficult22.Yangpu Bridge is one of _ in the worldA. bigger bridgeB. the biggest bridgeC. the biggest bridgesD. bigger bridges23.Tom is taller than Mike. But

23、he is not _ Mike.A. strong asB. so strong asC. so strongD. as strong24.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A. more and richB. more rich and more richC. richer and richerD. rich and rich25.This text is _ easier and _ interesting than that one.A. more ; muchB. much ; moreC. more ; moreD. muc

24、h ; much26.Which do you like _, beef, pork or chicken?A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best27.John drives as _ as Tom.A. carefullyB. goodC. niceD. fine28.Is China larger than _ in Africa.A. any countryB. any other countryC. any countriesD. all countries29.My _ brother is _ than I.A. elder, three years olde

25、rB. older ; olderC. older; three years elderD. elder ; elder30.Li Mei is more beautiful than _ in her class.A. any girlB. any other girlC. all the girlsD. any girls31.This film is _ interesting than that one.A. moreB. muchC. veryD. the most32.This bridge is not _ long and wide _ the one in my hometo

26、wn.A. so ; asB. very ; thanC. too; asD. very ; as33.Lin Tao is as _ as Zhang Hua.A. strongB. strongerC. strongestD. the strongest34.Sara is _ tired _ move after the hard work.A. very ; toB. quite ; toC. too ; toD. so ; that35.The driver is very _. He often drives his car _.A. careful ; carefulB. carefully; carefullyC. carefully ; carefulD. careful ; carefully二、用所给词的正确形式填空。1.LiMing is one of _ _ (braveboys of all.2.On the farm there are some_(sheep,chickens and ducks.3.My grandma kept 5 _(goose in