外文翻译--基于mimo-ofdm系统的正交空时分组码【适用于毕业论文外文翻译】

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LRATERATE1ALAMOUTISCODEORTHOGONALITYSTBCSASORIGINALLYINTRODUCED,ANDASUSUALLYSTUDIED,AREORTHOGONALTHISMEANSTHATTHESTBCISDESIGNEDSUCHTHATTHEVECTORSREPRESENTINGANYPAIROFCOLUMNSTAKENFROMTHECODINGMATRIXISORTHOGONALTHERESULTOFTHISISSIMPLE,LINEAR,OPTIMALDECODINGATTHERECEIVERITSMOSTSERIOUSDISADVANTAGEISTHATALLBUTONEOFTHECODESTHATSATISFYTHISCRITERIONMUSTSACRIFICESOMEPROPORTIONOFTHEIRDATARATESEEALAMOUTISCODEMOREOVER,THEREEXISTQUASIORTHOGONALSTBCSTHATACHIEVEHIGHERDATARATESATTHECOSTOFINTERSYMBOLINTERFERENCEISITHUS,THEIRERRORRATEPERFORMANCEISLOWERBOUNDEDBYTHEONEOFORTHOGONALRATE1STBCS,THATPROVIDEISIFREETRANSMISSIONSDUETOORTHOGONALITYHIGHERORDERSTBCSTAROKHETALDISCOVEREDASETOFSTBCSTHATAREPARTICULARLYSTRAIGHTFORWARD,ANDCOINEDTHESCHEMESNAMETHEYALSOPROVEDTHATNOCODEFORMORETHAN2TRANSMITANTENNASCOULDACHIEVEFULLRATETHEIRCODESHAVESINCEBEENIMPROVEDUPONBOTHBYTHEORIGINALAUTHORSANDBYMANYOTHERSNEVERTHELESS,THEYSERVEASCLEAREXAMPLESOFWHYTHERATECANNOTREACH1,ANDWHATOTHERPROBLEMSMUSTBESOLVEDTOPRODUCEGOODSTBCSTHEYALSODEMONSTRATEDTHESIMPLE,LINEARDECODINGSCHEMETHATGOESWITHTHEIRCODESUNDERPERFECTCHANNELSTATEINFORMATIONASSUMPTION4TRANSMITANTENNASTWOSTRAIGHTFORWARDCODESFOR4TRANSMITANTENNASAREC4，1/2C1C2C3C4C1C2C3C4C2C1C4C3C2C1C4C3C3C4C1C2C3C4C1C2C4C3C2C1C4C3C2C1ANDC4,3/4C1C2C32C32C2C1C3C32C322C32C1CC2C22C2C2C1C1212C32C2C2C1C12CCC2C2112C3THESECODESACHIEVERATE1/2ANDRATE3/4RESPECTIVELY,ASFORTHEIR3ANTENNACOUNTERPARTSC4,3/4EXHIBITSTHESAMEUNEVENPOWERPROBLEMSASC3,3/4ANIMPROVEDVERSIONOFC4,3/4ISC1C2C30C2C10C3C4,3/4C30C1C20C3C2C1WHICHHASEQUALPOWERFROMALLANTENNASINALLTIMESLOTSDECODINGONEPARTICULARLYATTRACTIVEFEATUREOFORTHOGONALSTBCSISTHATMAXIMUMLIKELIHOODDECODINGCANBEACHIEVEDATTHERECEIVERWITHONLYLINEARPROCESSINGINORDERTOCONSIDERADECODINGMETHOD,AMODELOFTHEWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSSYSTEMISNEEDEDATTIMET,THESIGNALRTIRECEIVEDATANTENNAJISRTIJSTINTJ,JI1NTWHEREIJISTHEPATHGAINFROMTRANSMITANTENNAITORECEIVEANTENNAJ,STIISTHESIGNALTRANSMITTEDBYTRANSMITANTENNAIANDNTJISASAMPLEOFADDITIVEWHITEGAUSSIANNOISEAWGNTHEMAXIMUMLIKELIHOODDETECTIONRULEISTOFORMTHEDECISIONVARIABLESRIRTJTIJTIT1J1NTNRWHEREKIISTHESIGNOFSIINTHEKTHROWOFTHECODINGMATRIX,KPQDENOTESTHATSPISUPTOASIGNDIFFERENCE,THEK,QELEMENTOFTHECODINGMATRIX,FORI1,2NTANDTHENDECIDEONCONSTELLATIONSYMBOLSITHATSATISFIESARGMINRCWHC2ARGMINRHARGMIN2RERHCWHHHCWCWH2HRHCWHHHCWCWH,WITHTHECONSTELLATIONALPHABETDESPITEITSAPPEARANCE,THISISASIMPLE,LINEARDECODINGSCHEMETHATPROVIDESMAXIMALDIVERSITYREFERENCES1GERARDJFOSCHINIANDMICHAELJGANSJANUARY1998ONLIMITSOFWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSINAFADINGENVIRONMENTWHENUSINGMULTIPLEANTENNASWIRELESSPERSONALCOMMUNICATIONS633113352GERARDJFOSCHINIAUTUMN1996LAYEREDSPACETIMEARCHITECTUREFORWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSINAFADINGENVIRONMENTWHENUSINGMULTIELEMENTANTENNASBELLLABSTECHNICALJOURNAL1241593IEMRETELATARNOVEMBER1999CAPACITYOFMULTIANTENNAEUROPEANTRANSACTIONSONTELECOMMUNICATIONS,1065855954VAHIDTAROKH,NAMBISESHADRI,ANDARCALDERBANKMARCH1998SPACETIMECODESFORHIGHDATARATEWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONPERFORMANCEANALYSISANDCODECONSTRUCTIONIEEETRANSACTIONSONINFORMATIONTHEORY442744765译文基于MIMOOFDM系统的正交空时分组码介绍ALAMOUTI于1998年提出了一种发射端采用两根天线的空时分组码方案,该方案能够实现最大分集增益和全发射速率,在接收端使用了简单的最大似然译码。为了将空时分组码推广到多个天线,VAHIDTAROKH等基于满分集提出了正交空时分组码。由于正交空时分组编码发射矩阵各行之间的正交性,可以获得满分集增益,但是当发射天线数大于2时,利用复正交设计得到的正交空时分组编码不能达到最大传输速率。为此,HJAFARKHAN等和TIRKKONEN等分别提出了两种基于全速率的准正交空时分组编码,即JAFARKHANI码和TBH码。JIAHOU等在JAFARKHANI码和TBH码的基础上,讨论了变形JAFARKHANI码和变形TBH码,并提出了2种新的准正交编码。在既定的情况下,在特定的数据流传输编码在BLOCKS块,间隔,将分布在天线和跨越时空。虽然是必要的,它有多个发射天线,这是没有必要有多个接收天线,虽然这样做改进效能。这个过程接收不同的数据备份,是众所周知的最大似然译码,直到1998年FOSCHINI研究论文。空时编码通常用矩阵来表示。在矩阵中，每一行代表一个时间段,而每一列代表每一根天线的传输。正交由于最初的对空时编码做出的研究,并介绍了这样的正交。这意味着,例如既定设计向量任何两个柱代表掠正交编码矩阵。这是简单的结果,线性,最佳解码的接收机。最严重的不利因素是所有之一,同时满足这一标准法典,必须牺牲一些比例的数据传输速率。此外,存在着在利率,以达到更高的数据传输干扰的成本ISI。因此,他们的误码率是空时编码的界定标准之一,正交率提供免费传授由于正交码。高阶空时编码方法TAROKHETAL等在1998年10月发现了一组空时编码。这是特意直截了当的以创造了这个方案的创始人名字为名。他们也证明了不能超过2个发射天线可以达到的目标。他们的代码。一直以来的改进。然而,作为明确的例子,为什么不能到达率1,其他什么必须解决的问题有如何用空时码接收更好的信号。他们也体现了简单的，直线解码是伴随着他们的编码方案,在完美的信道状态信息。4个发射天线两个直截了当的代码为4发射天线是C1C2C3C4C1C2C3C4C2C1C4C3C2C1C4C3C3C4C1C2C3C4C1C2C4，1/2C4C3C2C1C4C3C2C1以及C4,3/4C1C2C32C32C2C1C3C32C322C32C1CC2C22C2C2C1C1212C32C2C2C1C12CCC2C2112C3这些编码实现1/2比特和3/4比特的空时编码,C1C2C30C2C10C3C4,3/4C30C1C20C3,C2C1从所有具有相同能力的天线可知。译码一个特别吸引人的特征的正交STBC就是这个了最大似然解码,可以较好地实现在接收者对而已线性加工。为了考虑解码方法,无线通信系统的模型是必需的。在时间T上的信号,RTJ天线接收到的是RTIJSTINTJ,JI1NT是路径获得传送天线吗接收天线STI是信号通过传送天线I和NTJ有一份添加剂白色高斯噪声检测规则的就是要形成的决策变量。RIRTJTIJTIT1J1NTNR满足对于准正交空时分组编码而言,由于发射矩阵的各行不是完全正交的,因此在接收端进行最大似然译码时需对信号进行联合检测,这就使得其译码算法较之正交空时分组编码要复杂一些。由最大似然准则,其解码过程即求ARGMINRCWHC2ARGMINRHARGMIN2RERHCWHHHCWCWH2HRHCWHHHCWCWH是映射后的符号。虽然从表面上看,这是一个简单的直线解码方案,其中,C提供最大的似然性。参考文献1GERARDJFOSCHINIANDMICHAELJGANSJANUARY1998ONLIMITSOFWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSINAFADINGENVIRONMENTWHENUSINGMULTIPLEANTENNASWIRELESSPERSONALCOMMUNICATIONS633113352GERARDJFOSCHINIAUTUMN1996LAYEREDSPACETIMEARCHITECTUREFORWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSINAFADINGENVIRONMENTWHENUSINGMULTIELEMENTANTENNASBELLLABSTECHNICALJOURNAL1241593IEMRETELATARNOVEMBER1999CAPACITYOFMULTIANTENNAGAUSSIANCHANNELSEUROPEANTRANSACTIONSONTELECOMMUNICATIONS,1065855954VAHIDTAROKH,NAMBISESHADRI,ANDARCALDERBANKMARCH1998SPACETIMECODESFORHIGHDATARATEWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONPERFORMANCEANALYSISANDCODECONSTRUCTIONIEEETRANSACTIONSONINFORMATIONTHEORY442744765外文资料（二）UNITRATECOMPLEXORTHOGONALSPACETIMEBLOCKCODECONCATENATEDWITHTURBOCODINGSPACETIMEBLOCKSTBCODEHASBEENANEFFECTIVETRANSMITDIVERSITYTECHNIQUEFORCOMBATINGFADINGDUETOITSORTHOGONALDESIGN，SIMPLEDECODINGANDHIGHDIVERSITYGINSINTHISPAPER,AUNITRATECOMPLEXORTHOGONALSTBCODEFORMULTIPLEANTENNASINTIMEDIVISIONDUPLEXTDDMODEISPROPOSEDMEANWHILE,TURBOCODINGTCISEMPLOYEDTOIMPROVETHEPERFORMANCEOFPROPOSEDSTBCODEFURTHERBYUTILIZINGITSGOODABILITYTOCOMBATTHEBURSTERROROFFADINGCHANNELCOMPAREDWITHFULLDIVERSITYMULTIPLEANTENNASSTBCODES,THEPROPOSEDCODECANIMPLEMENTUNITRATEANDPARTIALDIVERSITYANDITHAYMUCHSMALLERCOMPUTATIONALCOMPLEXITYUNDERTHESAMESYSTEMTHROUGHPUTMOREOVER,THEAPPLICATIONOFTCCANEFFECTIVELYMAKEUPFORTHEPERFORMANCELOSSDUETOPARTIALDIVERSITYSIMULATIONRESULTSSHOWTHATONTHECONDITIONOFSAMESYSTEMTHROUGHPUTANDCONCATENATIONOFTC,THEPROPOSEDCODEHASLOWERBITERRORRATEBERTHANTHOSEFULLDIVERSITYCODESINTRODUCTIONRECENTLY,TRANSMITDIVERSITYHASBEENSTUDIEDEXTENSIVELYASAMETHODOFCOMBATINGDETRIMENTALEFFECTSINWIRELESSFADINGCHANNELSDUETOITSRELATIVESIMPLICITYOFIMPLEMENTANDFEASIBILITYOFHAVINGMULTIPLEANTENNASATTHEBASESTATIONBSASIMPLETRANSMITTERDIVERSITYSCHEMEUSINGTW0TRANSMITANTENNASISPROPOSEDBYALAMOUTIANEXTENSIONTOMORETHANTWOTRANSMITANTENNASISPRESENTED,WHEREITISSHOWNTHATTHEALAMOUTISCHEMEISASPECIALCASEOFSPACETIMEBLOCKSTBCODETHESTBCODESCHEMECANACHIEVEFULLTRANSMITDIVERSITYANDHASASIMPLEMAXIMUMLIKELIHOODMLDECODINGALGORITHMWHILEUSEDATTHEDECODERFORTHIS,STBCODEISANATTRACTIVEAPPROACHFORPRACTICALPURPOSESBUT,ITISPROVEDTHATFORSTBCODE,ACOMPLEXORTHOGONALDESIGNWHICHPROVIDEFULLDIVERSITYANDUNITRATEISNOTPOSSIBLEFORMORETHANTWOANTENNAS,ANDTHE1/2RATEOR3/4RATESTBCODEFORTHREEANDFOURTRANSMITANTENNAS4TXAREALSOGIVENWITHTHECODERATE1AND2/3RATESTBCODEFORFIVETRANSMITANTENNASISPROPOSEDRECENTLYCONSIDERINGTHEFULLRATEISTHEIMPORTANTMEANSTOIMPLEMENTHIGHDATARATESERVICEANDVERYIMPORTANTFORLOWSIGNALTONOISERATIOSSNRSUNITRATECOMPLEXORTHOGONALSTBCODE1FULLDIVERSITYSTBCODESREVIEWINTHISSUBSECTION,WEREVIEWTHEBASICPRINCIPLEOFSTBCODETHATPROVIDESMAXIMUMPOSSIBLEDIVERSITYFORMULTIPLETRANSMITANTENNASINWIRELESSCOMMUNICATIONSLETL,MANDTBEPOSITIVEINTEGERS,ACOMPLEXORTHOGONALSTBCODEISDEFINEDBYATMDIMENSIONALTRANSMISSIONMATRIXG,EVERYENTRYOFWHICHISCOMPLEXLINEARCOMBINATIONOFTHEINPUTSYMBOLSS1,S2,S3,SL,ANDTHEIRCONJUGATESS1,S2,S3,SL,ANDITSATISFIESTHEFOLLOWINGCOMPLEXORTHOGONALCONDITIONGG|SL|IMMHL1L2WHERESUPERSCRIPTHDENOTESTHEHERMITIANCONJUGATIONANDIISTHEMMIDENTITYMATRIXMANDTARETHENUMBERSOFTRANSMITTINGANTENNAANDTIMESLOTSUSEDTOTRANSMITLINPUTSYMBOLS,RESPECTIVELY2UNITRATESTB