2019年高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅡWarmingUp.docx

Section Warming Up & Reading-Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.kingdom n王国2.consist vi. 组成；在于；一致3.province n. 省；行政区4.clarify vt. 澄清；阐明5.conflict n. 矛盾；冲突6.credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷7.nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的8.architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术9.port n. 港口(城市)10.countryside n. 乡下；农村.拓展词汇1.unite vi.&vt.联合；团结union n联合；联盟；结合；协会2.accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现accomplishment n成就；成绩3.unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)willing (反义词) adj.愿意(的)；乐意(的)4.convenience n便利；方便convenient adj.方便的conveniently adv.方便地5.rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv.粗略地；粗糙地6.attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引；有吸引力的事物attractive adj.有吸引力的；诱人的7.collection n收藏品；珍藏；收集collect vt.收集8.enjoyable adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的enjoy vt.欣赏；享有enjoyment n愉快；令人愉快的事1.kingdom n王国记法king后缀dom联想freedom n自由；wisdom n智慧2.province n省；行政区联想state 州(美国)；county郡(英国)；县3.clear (adj.) fyclarify vt.澄清；阐明记法fy为动词后缀，意为：使联想classify vt.分类；simplify vt.简化；terrify vt.使人感到恐怖4.nationwide adj.全国性的；全国范围的联想worldwide adj.遍及全球的；世界范围的5.port n港口(城市)联想以port结尾的动词一览trans(改变)porttransport v运输im(向内)portimport v进口ex(向外)portexport v出口6.rough (adj.)lyroughly adv.粗略地联想以ly结尾的副词小结accurately adv.准确地generally adv.一般地totally adv.完全地 largely adv.主要地7.否定前缀unwilling (adj.)unwilling adj.不乐意(的)联想un否定前缀形容词集锦unbelievable 不可思议的；难以置信的uncertain 不确定的uncomfortable 不舒服的unable 不能的；不能胜任的unfair 不公平的；不公正的 unfit 不合适的；不相宜的 unhappy 不高兴的；伤心的二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.consist_of由组成2divide_._into 把分成3refer_to 提到；说起4as_well 也；还5break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离6to_ones_credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下7for_convenience 为方便起见8leave_out 省去；遗漏；不考虑1.be linked to被连接到2be changed to 被改变为3in the early twentieth century 在20世纪初4in the same peaceful way 用同样和平的方式5in some areas 在某些领域6settle in 聚居在；定居在7historical architecture 历史性建筑8find evidence of all these invaders 发现所有这些入侵者的证据三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。find宾语宾语补足语。We turned around and found_a_girl_struggling in the lake, crying for help.我们转过身，发现一个小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。2.To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas .值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作谓语动词前面加助动词do/does/did，表示强调。They each do_have_different_hobbies,_but they cooperate well.他们每个人确实有不同的爱好，但他们合作得很好。3.It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。It is a pity that .“令人遗憾的是”。It_is_a_pity_that I missed seeing you yesterday.很遗憾，我昨天没能见到你。4.You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。keep/make宾语宾语补足语(形容词)。Keeping_the_environment_clean and free of pollution is the key step to make_life_healthy.保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。 1(教材P9)How many countries does the UK consist of?英国是由几个部分(国家)组成的？consist of由组成Listening is thus an active, not a passive, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.(2015浙江高考单选)因此，听力是一种积极主动的，而不是消极被动的行为，它包括听、理解和记忆。名师点津consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of 或be composed of，且不用于进行时。Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times.Life is composed of not only sunshine but also hard times.生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。consist in在于；存在于；以为主consist with 与一致；相符Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle. Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。2(教材P9)England can be divided into three main areas.英格兰被分为三个主要的区域。divide . into把分成Hannahs Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that sleeping outdoors can mean death. (2017北京高考)Hannahs Place被分成几个区域，为那些在严寒天气中睡在外面的要冻死的人提供躲避的地方。divide sth. between/among . 在之间分配某物；由分享某物divide sth. in half/into halves 把分成两半divide A by B 用B除AAs the work can be divided among/between several people, it can be done efficiently.因为工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以做得很有效率。He divided the apple into halves and shared them with his partner.他把苹果分成了两半，与他的同伴分享了。辨析比较divide, separate指把一个整体分成几部分，也含有自然划分的意思，常与介词into搭配指把原来连在一起或混在一起的东西人为地分开，也可用作不及物动词，意为“分(离)开；脱离；分手”。常与介词from连用The teacher had divided the whole class into four groups to discuss the topic. After the discussion, he separated the most valuable ideas from the common ones.老师把全班同学分成四组来讨论这个话题。讨论过后，他把最有价值的想法从比较平常的想法分出来。3(教材P9)You can clarify this question if you study British history.如果你学习英国历史，你就可以弄清楚这个问题。clarify vt.澄清；阐明clarify ones position阐明某人的立场clarify a problem/situation 澄清问题/情况Im determined that Ill clarify my position at a proper time.我决定将在合适的时候阐明我的立场。I hope that what I say will clarify_the_situation.我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。4(教材P10)Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时并未经过战争。conflict n矛盾；冲突 vt.冲突；抵触(1)in conflict with与有冲突come into conflict with 与产生冲突(2)conflict with 与相冲突The two countries have been in conflict with each other for decades.这两个国家的冲突已有几十年了。He often comes into conflict with his classmates, which annoys his parents.他经常和同学们发生冲突，这让他的父母很烦恼。Its obvious that our interests conflict_with yours.很明显我们的利益和你们的相冲突。5(教材P10)However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意(组建联合王国)，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离；与断绝关系The boy was so angry that he broke away from his mother and ran away.这个男孩如此生气以至于他挣脱开母亲跑开了。break in打断；插嘴说；闯入break into 闯入；爆发break out (战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生break up 分解；解散；破裂As the Presidents car arrived, the crowd broke into loud applause.总统的汽车到达时，群众中爆发出热烈的掌声。When the news came that the war broke out,_he decided to serve in the army.当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定到军队中服役。6(教材P10)To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作(比如，在货币和国际关系上)，但它们在制度上仍存在着很大的区别。credit n信任；学分；赞扬；信贷to ones credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下be a credit to sb./sth. 对是一种荣誉on credit 记账；分期付款To her credit, Emma passed such a difficult examination. 值得赞扬的是，艾玛通过了如此难的考试。Such a student is a credit to the school.这样的学生是学校的骄傲。If you havent got enough money, you can buy a computer on credit.如果没有足够的金钱，你可以赊购一台电脑。7(教材P10)England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。convenience n便利；方便(1)at ones convenience在某人方便的时候for convenience 为了方便(实用)for the convenience of sb. 为了方便某人(2)convenient adj. 方便的；便利的It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience.如果你感兴趣，请尽早在你方便的时候发一封求职邮件。In a word, if we had such a magic watch, our life would become more convenient (convenience). (2014湖南高考满分作文)总之，如果我们能有这么一块有魔力的手表，我们的生活将会变得更加方便。Im convinced that it_will_be_more_convenient_for_people_to_do_some_shopping online in the future.我相信未来人们网上购物会变得更加方便。名师点津(1)convenience 意为“便利；方便”时，为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。(2)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。8(教材P10)It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。attract vt.吸引；引起注意(1)attract ones attention/eyes 吸引某人的注意力/目光attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事(2)attraction n. U吸引力；诱惑力 C有吸引力的人或事物(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；引起注意的；引起兴趣的Recently, the TV program has attracted much attention.近来，这档电视节目吸引了很多人的注意力。 In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.(2015重庆高考)在古代埃及，一名店主发现仅仅通过改变环境他就能够吸引顾客到他的店中来。 Most tourist attractions (attract) in China are littered, the worst of which is this lake.在中国大多数旅游景点到处是垃圾，其中最差的是这个湖。9(教材P11)Which country is left out?哪个国家被遗漏了？leave out省去；遗漏；不考虑写出下列句中leave out的含义In copying this document, be careful not to leave out any word.遗漏He told me this word could be left out.省去We left out the possibility of his coming.不考虑leave for动身去leave . alone 让某人独处；不管某物leave behind 留下；丢弃；使落后leave off 停止；戒除Leave the boy alone,_and he can make up his own mind.别管那个男孩子，他自己会做决定的。He is said to have left off smoking.据说他已经不再吸烟了。1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。 find在句中接复合宾语，宾语是Wales，宾语补足语是included as well。宾语补足语和宾语之间构成被动关系。find n./pron.宾语补足语，意思是“发现处于状态”。在此结构中，常用下列形式：(1)find n./pron.过去分词(表示被动或动作已完成)When he arrived, he found all the work finished.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。(2)find n./pron.现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行)Just the next morning, I found my mother not feeling (feel) well.就在第二天早上，我发现妈妈不舒服。(3)findn./pron.副词I called on her on my way home and found her out.我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她不在家。(4)find n./pron.介词短语Jane found herself in_a_different_world.简发现自己来到了一个不同的世界。(5)findn./pron.形容词I am sure that you will find the papercutting art exhibition interesting (interest). (2017全国卷书面表达)我确定你会发现这个剪纸展很有趣。2It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。(1)It is a pity that .意为“令人同情的是；令人遗憾的是”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。It is a pity that many of us failed the final examination.真是遗憾，我们中有很多人期末考试不及格。(2)“It is a pitythat从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should动词原形”。It is a pity that you should_miss (miss) such a good chance.真可惜，你竟然错过了这么好的机会。(3)It is a pity (for sb.) to do sth. 意为“(对某人来说)做某事很遗憾/可惜”。It is a pity for you to_give (give) up the job.你要放弃这份工作，真是可惜。3You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。(1)“keep宾语宾补”结构有以下几种形式：That she hadnt kept her mind on her work resulted in the failure.她不集中精力工作导致了失败。The other students in the class keep their eyes closed (close)班上其他学生闭着眼。(2)“make宾语宾补”结构有以下几种形式：Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.表扬能使好人更好，坏人更坏。You should make your views known (know)你应该让别人了解你的观点。Every day my parents make me have an egg.Every day I am made to_have an egg by my parents.我父母每天要我吃一个鸡蛋。.单句语法填空1Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own.2They kept the door locked (lock) for a long time.3The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.4It was a pity that he failed the exam again.5All the new students will be divided into 20 classes，which will be divided among the teachers.6(2015陕西高考)If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshiaef. com. 7He planned to give a speech to clarify (clear) the situation.8(2017全国卷)This attractive (attract) tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday scenes. 9When she woke up, she found herself lying (lie) in hospital.10No one speaks to him; he is always left out.选词填空It is a pity that, make oneself heard, leave out, be convenient for, break away from, to ones credit, come into conflict with, consist of, divide . into, attract . to1Miss Green is in charge of the class consisting_of 60 students.2They came_into_conflict_with the local villagers because of a heated quarrel.3She is trying to break_away_from the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.4Lets divide the cake into three pieces.5To_his_credit,_Nathan gave back the money he found to the owner.6Every time I take part in a friends big party, I always go to talk to those who just sit alone so that they dont feel left_out.7What do you think attracts people to the change?8It_is_a_pity_that David is away on business. Anyhow，youve got a great deal of time to tour in New York without him.9The speaker raised his voice in order to make_himself_heard.10If it is_convenient_for you, can you pick him up at the airport at 11：30 am?一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1(2017江苏高考)This complete but brief historical collection (收藏品)is certain to entertain readers young and old. 2Your explanation has clarified (阐明) this difficult sentence.3You must pass the examination to get credits (学分) for the course.4Many stores have a delivery service for the convenience (便利) of customers.5(2016北京高考)What is lacking today is the conflict (冲突)between adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. 6The rising number of car crimes is a(n) nationwide (全国范围的) problem.7This is a good chance to go abroad, so she is unwilling (不愿意的) to give it up.8I think this was perhaps the most enjoyable (令人愉快的) occasion we have ever had at the White House.9Difficult though the task was, they managed to accomplish (完成) it in time.10The company is starting a new advertising campaign to attract (吸引) new customers to its stores.单句改错1How can you believe him? He is a man whose actions do not consist in his promises.inwith2He is so popular among us that we made him the monitor of our class last week. 去掉the3He broke away his family and has gone to live in Australia. away后加from4It is greatly in your credit that you have overcome such difficulties. into5We found that these results conflicted in earlier findings.inwith6We found the story so interested that we were all lost in it. interestedinteresting7Will you be convenient to chat with me on the Internet tonight？ youit8Ice cream is attraction to the children.is后加an.补全句子1(2017江苏高考书面表达)Therefore, the film industry should make greater efforts to_attract_more_viewers. 因此，电影产业应该做出更大的努力来吸引更多的观众。2(2014福建高考书面表达)Success_consists_in the ability to continue efforts through failures.成功在于经历失败而继续努力的能力。3It_is_a_pity_that he was too nervous when interviewed.真遗憾！他面试的时候太紧张了。4(2014安徽高考书面表达)If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持良好的心态。5It was Marys own fault if_she_felt_left_out_at_the_party;_she made no effort to be friendly to people.如果玛丽在派对上感到受到冷落，那也是她自己的错误；她对别人一点也不友好。6You have no choice but to_break_away_from_the_group.除了脱离那个小组，你别无选择。7(2014安徽高考满分作文)Whats more, you must take good care of the things that can keep_your_heart_warm.另外，一定要保存好这些东西，它们能够让你的心保持温暖。8How many groups are the students in your class divided_into?你们班的学生被分成几个小组？.课文语法填空Great Britain consists 1.of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In the 13th century, Wales 2.was_linked (link) to England. In 1603, they were joined to Scotland. They were united 3.in peace instead of by war. However, just as they were going to get Ireland 4.connected (connect) to form United Kingdom, the southern part of Ireland broke away, 5.so only Northern Ireland joined with England.England is 6.the_largest (large) of the four countries and for 7.convenience (convenient) it was divided into three zones: the South of England, the Midlands and the North. Most of the population 8.are_settled (settle) in the South, but most of the industrial cities are located in the Midlands and the North.London is the capital city with the great 9.historical (history) treasures. It has the oldest port 10.built (build) by the Romans in the 1st century AD, the oldest building begun by the AngloSaxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.串点成篇微表达上周我们去参观了大英博物馆，它吸引(attract)了世界各地的游客。为了方便起见(for convenience)，我们将想要见识的地方列了一张清单，以便于不会漏掉(leave out)任何重要的东西。我们发现博物馆由九个展厅构成(consist of)，每个展厅分成(divide into)若干个部分，展览不同的历史珍品(historical collections)。通过这次参观我们学到了很多。Last_week_we_visited_the_British_Museum,_which_attracts_tourists_from_all_over_the_world._For_convenience,_we_made_a_list_of_the_things_we_wanted_to_see_so_that_we_couldnt_leave_out_anything_important._We_found_the_museum_consisting_of_nine_showrooms,_each_of_which_is_divided_into_several_parts_to_display_different_historical_collections._We_have_learned_a_lot_from_it.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Germany is a highly developed country. Many people think its people lead a luxurious (奢侈的) life.One day, my friend and I _1_ a restaurant. We noticed that a young couple were having their meal. There were _2_ two dishes and two cans of beer on their table. I wondered if such a(n) _3_ meal could be fine and whether the girl would leave that _4_ man.As we were _5_， my friend ordered more food for us. When we left, there was still about one third of the food we had ordered on the table.When we were leaving, the young man spoke to us in English. We _6_that he was unhappy about us _7_ so much food. “We paid for our food. It is none of your _8_，” my friend told him. The young man was so angry that he _9_ took his phone out and made a call to someone.After a while, an officer from the Social Security Organization (社会保障组织) arrived. Upon knowing what had happened, he gave us a 50 fine(罚款), which