综合教程 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材 教师P.ppt

1、Unit6,Read the following sentences aloud, paying special attention to strong and weak forms. Strong forms are boldfaced and in red, while weak forms are italicized and underlined.,That is what so many couples are very much concerned about and eager to understand. Some think this may leave the child

2、less capable of interacting well with people his or her own age than one who has been raised with siblings.,1. 2.,Reading aloud,Pre-reading Activities -Reading aloud1,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,For some single-child parents, particularly those with busy careers, the pr

3、essures of devoting time and energy to a second child can seem too overwhelming, resulting in them electing to have no more children. This often leads to increased self-esteem which, combined with increased independence, can lead to the child being more confident.,3. 4.,Unfortunately, there is no si

4、mple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child.,5.,Pre-reading Activities -Reading aloud2,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,1. Quote Socrates: Children today are tyrants. They contradict their parent, gobble their food, and tyrannize their teachers.,Cult

5、ural information,Cultural information 1,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,2. Children from One-Child Families,Cultural information 2,Some people think that children from only-child families have more merits than shortcomings.,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural info

6、rmation,Firstly, they value free will and will not accept orders blindly.,Secondly, they love trying out new methods and are full of creative ideas.,Thirdly, they expect others to treat them as indispensable partners of the team.,However, some people believe that the only children have more shortcom

7、ings than merits.,Cultural information 3,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Many are heavily dependent on parents.,And some never learn to do household chores.,What do you think?,It is even worse that some tend to be spoiled and self-centered. They are “the little emperors” in

8、 families and schools.,Watch a video clip and answer the following questions.,What is the childrens relationship in the video? And whats the relationship between the women and the children?,1.,Audiovisual supplement,Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplements1,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement

9、,Cultural information,They are brothers and sisters in one big family. And the woman is their new governess. This video is from a famous movie The Sound of Music.,Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplements2,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Are you from a one-child family

10、? Can you imagine living with so many brothers and sisters?,2.,Open.,Pre-reading Activities-Audiovisual supplements3,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Maria: Gretl: Maria: Marta: Maria:,Gretl? Are you scared? Youre not frightened of a thunderstorm, are you? You just stay righ

11、t here with me. Where are the others? They are asleep. They are not scared. Oh, no? Look. Alright, everybody. Up here on the bed. Really? Well, just this once. Come on. Now, all we have to do is to wait for the boys.,Louisa: Maria:,You wont see them. Boys are brave. You boys werent scared, too, were

12、 you?,Video Script1,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,Friedrich: Maria: Friedrich: Maria: Maria:,Oh, no. We just wanted to be sure that you werent. Thats very thoughtful of you, Friedrich. It wasnt my idea. It was Kurts. Kurt! Thats the one I left out. God bless Kurt. Why doe

13、s it do that?,Maria: Marta: Maria: Marta:,Well, the lightning says something to the thunder, and the thunder answers back. The lightning must be nasty. Not really. Then why does the thunder get so angry? It makes me want to cry.,Video Script2,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information

14、,Maria:,When anything bothers me and Im feeling unhappy, I just try to think of nice things.,Children: Maria:,What kind of things? Oh, well, let me see. Nice things Daffodils! Green meadows. Skies full of stars Raindrops on roses and whiskers on kittens Bright copper kettles and warm woolen mittens.

15、 Brown paper packages tied up with strings These are a few of my favorite things.,Video Script3,Reading aloud,Audiovisual supplement,Cultural information,What is this expositive text concerned with? This text is concerned with the pros and cons of . In other words, the text deals with the typical of

16、 not having a second child. The text discusses them in an tone.,Text analysis,having only one child,_,advantages and disadvantages,_,objective,_,Global Reading-Text analysis1,Text analysis,Structural analysis,2. What is the writers answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child?,It

17、goes as follows: “ there is no simple answer to the question of whether or not to have a second child. The circumstances affecting each set of parents are unique, and what is appropriate for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and y

18、our spouse feel confident about.”,Global Reading-Text analysis2,Text analysis,Structural analysis,1. Divide the text into parts by completing the table.,Structural analysis,It puts forward the issue of whether or not to havea second child, andmentions parents concern whether an only child necessaril

19、y means alonely child.,Two common arguments against having only one child in the family are presented.,Structural analysis 1,Text analysis,Structural analysis,The author cites specific figures and facts to show that despite thedisadvantages many parents still choose to have only one child, and he al

20、so points out some causes of theirdecision.,The author briefly states the advantages of having a single child.,Structural analysis 2,Text analysis,Structural analysis,It concludes that there is no simple answer to the questionof whether or not to have a second child, and that the important thing, in

21、 the end, is tomake the decision that a couple both feel confident about.,Structural analysis 3,Text analysis,Structural analysis,2. Some words used at the beginning of a paragraph make it easier for the reader to understand the coherence of the whole text, such as Another at the beginning of Paragr

22、aph 3, Despite of Paragraph 4, and Unfortunately of Paragraph 7. Can you explain how they function?,Structural analysis 4,Text analysis,Structural analysis,Structural analysis 5,“Despite these arguments ” prepares readers for something against their expectations, i.e. many parents still choose to ha

23、ve one child although the disadvantages of doing so have just been clearly presented.,The word “Another” used at the beginning of Paragraph 3 implies that at least one argument has been presented earlier.,Text analysis,Structural analysis,Structural analysis 5,“Unfortunately” tells readers that ther

24、e follows something disappointing, i.e. the author fails to provide a definite answer to the questions raised at the beginning of the text.,Text analysis,Structural analysis,1. Many couples, who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma, namely, the issue of whether or not to have

25、a second child. They have demanding jobs and limited time and financial resources, but they are also very keen to ensure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the pros and cons of having a second child? Is an only child a lonely child? That is what so many couples are ve

26、ry much concerned about and eager to understand.,Is an Only Child a Lonely Child?,Detailed reading1,Detailed reading,The issue of whether to have a second child is one of the most difficult issues that parents nowadays face. A concern that is often heard with regard to single children is whether one

27、 child necessarily means a lonely child. Many single-child parents feel a stigma associated with their decision to have only one child. There are no other children in the family for the child to associate with, and this may lead to the child feeling lonely at times, especially during vacations.,Deta

28、iled reading2,Detailed reading,2.,Another common argument against having just one child is that an only child may be more spoiled than one with siblings. Many people believe that a single child will not have learned to negotiate with others, and respect the give-and-take involved in many relationshi

29、ps. Some think this may leave the child less capable of interacting well with people his or her own age than one who has been raised with siblings.,Detailed reading3,Detailed reading,3.,Despite these arguments, the number of parents choosing to have only one child is increasing in many parts of the

30、world. In the US, for example, 14 percent of women between 18 and 34 plan to have just one child, and this percentage is expected to rise. The same trend can be seen in the UK. According to the Family Policy Studies Center, the overall number of British children being born each year has declined. In

31、 Japan, the average number of children born per family had declined to 1.42 by 1996, while latest statistics cite less than one child. This has led to government concerns about supporting an increasing population of elderly people in the future; it is predicted that, by 2020, a third of the populati

32、on in Japan will be aged 65 or over.,Detailed reading4,Detailed reading,4.,For some single-child parents, particularly those with busy careers, the pressures of devoting time and energy to a second child can seem too overwhelming, resulting in them electing to have no more children. For other parent

33、s, the financial burden of having a second child may be the prime consideration. According to government surveys, many couples in Japan choose not to have large families as the cost of supporting a child up to the age of 18 is estimated to be around 20 million yen, equivalent to around US $160,000.,

34、Detailed reading5,Detailed reading,5.,Advocates of single-child families argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is no potential for family arguments arising from favoritism or sibling jealousy. Moreover, with only one child, the

35、 parents can give, and the child can receive, more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-esteem which, combined with increased independence, can lead to the child being more confident.,Detailed reading6,Detailed reading,6.,Unfortunately, there is no simple answer to the ques

36、tion of whether or not to have a second child. The circumstances affecting each set of parents are unique, and what is appropriate for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse feel confident about.,Detailed reading7,Detai

37、led reading,7.,Paragraph 1 Questions What is the dilemma that many couples are faced with?,Detailed reading1-Quesion,The dilemma that many couples are confronted with is whether or not they should have a second child. On one hand, they have demanding jobs and limited time and financial resources; on

38、 the other hand, they are also very keen to ensure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So they are plunged into this situation in which it is difficult for them to decide what to do.,Detailed reading,Paragraph 1 Questions 2) What is the concern that weighs heavily on the minds of m

39、any couples?,Detailed reading1-Quesion,Many couples are very much concerned about whether an only child necessarily becomes a lonely child.,Detailed reading,dilemma n. a situation in which it is difficult to decide what to do, because each choice has its advantages and disadvantages,Detailed reading

40、1-dilemma,e.g.,Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between career and family commitments.,Collocation:,be in a dilemma,e.g.,Im in a dilemma about this job offer. 我不知道是接受还是不接受这份工作。,Detailed reading,issue n. a subject or problem that is often discussed or argued about,Detailed reading1-

41、issue,e.g.,Unemployment is not the issue the real problem is the decline in public morality. I just got a raise, so moneys no longer an issue.,Collocation:,raise the issue: say that a problem should be discussed,e.g.,We should raise the issue of discrimination with the council.,Synonyms:,subject, pr

42、oblem,Detailed reading,demanding adj. needing a lot of ability, effort, or skill,Detailed reading1- demanding,e.g.,Climbing is physically demanding, while studying is mentally demanding. Many people agree that teaching is a demanding profession.,Derivation:,demand n. sth. that worries you,Detailed r

43、eading2- concern,e.g.,His main concern is to be able to provide for his family.,Collocations:,concern about / over,e.g.,There is growing concern about the effects of pollution on health.,concern for sb.,e.g.,Detailed reading,stigma n. a mark of shame or disgrace; a shameful feeling or reputation,Det

44、ailed reading2- stigma,e.g.,There is a strong stigma attached to suicide. In the past divorce and single parenthood carried a stigma. 离异和单亲家庭在过去是令人感到羞耻的事情。,Detailed reading,at times sometimes but not usually,Detailed reading2- at times 1,e.g.,At times I wonder if its worth all the effort.,Comparison

45、s:,at no time, at all times, at times,at no times: used to say strongly that something never happened or should never happen at all times: used especially in official notices or announcements to say what always happens or should always happen,Detailed reading,Practice:,Detailed reading2- at times 2,

46、1) did I tell you that you could use my car. 2) Identification badges must be worn . 3) even the most talented athletes lose their motivation.,At no time,_,at all time,_,At times,_,Detailed reading,sibling n. (fml) a brother or sister,Detailed reading3- sibling,e.g.,A child with siblings seldom gets

47、 lonely. Most young smokers are influenced by their elder siblings smoking habits.,Detailed reading,negotiate v. discuss sth. in order to reach an agreement, esp. in business or politics,Detailed reading3- negotiate,e.g.,Union leaders have negotiated an agreement for a shorter working week.,Collocat

48、ion:,negotiate with,e.g.,The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists.,Derivations:,negotiation n. negotiable adj.,Detailed reading,interact v. 1) (people) talk to each other and understand each other,Detailed reading3- interact,e.g.,He interacts well with other children in the class.,e.g.,So

49、cial and economic factors are interacting to produce a recession.,Derivations:,interaction: n. interactive: adj.,2) (things) have an effect on each other and work together,Detailed reading,Many single-child parents feel a stigma associated with their decision to have only one child.,Detailed reading

50、2- Many single-child,Paraphrase:,Many single-child families have a strong sense of shame in their decision to have only one child.,Translation:,许多只有一个小孩的父母都为自己只生一个小孩的决定感到羞愧。,Detailed reading, this may lead to the child feeling lonely at times, ,Detailed reading2- this may lead,Explanation:,lead to s

51、b. doing sth.: cause sth. to happen to sb. or cause sb. to do sth.,Translation:,这样一种环境可能经常会让孩子感到孤独,e.g.,His actions could lead to him losing his job.,Paraphrase:, such a situation will probably result in the child having a sense of loneliness from time to time, ,Detailed reading,Paragraph 3 Question

52、 What is the main idea of the third paragraph?,Detailed reading3Quesion1,The third paragraph states and supports another common argument against having just one-child: an only-child may be more spoiled than one with siblings.,Detailed reading,Another common argument against having just one child is

53、that an only-child may be more spoiled than one with siblings.,Detailed reading3- Another common 1,Explanation:,spoil: make sb., esp. a child, selfish from having too much attention or praise,Paraphrase:,Another reason some people usually hold against having only one child is that an only-child is m

54、ore likely to be given too much love and care than one that has brothers and/or sisters.,Detailed reading,Detailed reading3- Another common 2,Translation:,另外一个常用于反驳只养育一个孩子的理由是：一个孩子获得的溺爱要比那些有兄弟姐妹的孩子多得多。,Detailed reading,respect the give-and-take involved in many relationships,Detailed reading3- respe

55、ct the give-and-take,Paraphrase:,realize the importance of cooperation and mutual understanding between themselves and other people in various situations,Translation:,认识到在各种关系中合作与相互了解的重要性,Detailed reading,Paragraph 4 Question What examples and statistics are given to show that more and more parents

56、have decided to have only one child?,Detailed reading4Quesion1,In the US, for example, 14 percent of women between 18 and 34 plan to have just one child, and this percentage is expected to rise. The same trend can be seen in the UK. According to the Family Policy Studies Center, the overall number o

57、f British children being born each year has declined. In Japan, the average number of children born per family had declined to 1.42 by 1996, while the latest statistics cite less than one child.,Detailed reading,decline: v.,Detailed reading4- decline,Detailed reading,1) decrease in quantity or impor

58、tance,e.g.,Spending on information technology has declined.,e.g.,Do you think standards of education have declined in recent years?,Synonym:,decrease,2) become gradually worse in quality,Derivation:,decline n.,cite: v.,Detailed reading4- cite,Detailed reading,1) mention something as an example, esp.

59、 one that supports or explains an idea or a situation,e.g.,Several factors have been cited as the cause of the student unrest.,e.g.,The writer cited many quotations from different scholars.,Synonym:,quote,2) give the exact words of something that has been written, esp. in order to support an opinion or prove an idea,Derivation:,citation n., 14 percent of women between 18