动名讲解1.ppt

1、现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？,那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。 V+-ing,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。,1.动名词的形式：,2.动名词的否定形式,not doing,not having done,not having been done,not being done,eg.He regretted not having written to her.,他后悔没给她写信.,4.动名词在句中的作用：,主语,定语,表语,宾语,1)动名词作主语

2、,动名词作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作概念，即泛指某种行为和动作。,eg. Skating on real ice is great fun.,eg.Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.,吸烟有害健康,动名词结构作主语，通常也有两种位置；一种是位于句首；另一种是用 it作形式主语，而将动名词结构后置。,eg.It is no use blaming him now.,*不定式和动名词结构都能作主语，但从语义上看，用动名词结构作主语泛指意义较强，而不定式作 主语具体的一次性动作。,Reading novels is an enjoyment.,

3、eg.To read this novel is my homework.,Compare:,2)动名词作动词宾语,有一类动词只能带动名词作宾语，不能带不定式作宾语。这类动词常见的有:,只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个：resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on look forward to、enjoy、include、 appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、 cant help、miss。 太多了，怎么记呀？,别着急，我们来动动脑筋。有了，你看： 抗议推迟盼喜报，心想练成考不错,动名词常可用于

4、下列词组后,feel like, devoteto, be busy,There is no,need use harm hurry,(in) doing,There is I/we have,difficulty trouble problem fun pleasure a good time a hard time,(in) doing,习惯于做 盼望做 致力于 花时间做 喜欢做 善长做 以为自豪,be used to doing,look forward to,devote to,spend time in doing,be fond of doing,be good at,be pro

5、ud of,7.对厌倦了 8.想要做 9.导致 10.坚持要做 11.反对 12.成功做成,be tired of,feel like,lead to,insist on doing,object to,succeed in doing,还有一些动词随后即可跟动名词，又可跟不定式，意义没有区别或区别不大如：,attempt begin continue hate intend,like love prefer require start,一些动词后跟动名词结构或不定式结构则意义区别很大。,forget regret mean try,stop need require want,go on c

6、ant help remember,remember,to do,doing,forget,to do,doing,regret,to do,doing,mean,to do,doing,try,to do,doing,stop,to do,doing,go on,to do,doing,cant help,to do,doing,need require want,to do,doing,used to do,be used to doing,be afraid,to do,of doing,2）动名词作表语,动名词结构作 表语也是泛指意义较强，而不定式结构作 表语多指具体的一次性动作。,e

7、g.My hobby is growing flowers.,作宾语补足语：现在分词,I heard the girl singing in the classroom.,I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open. The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.,能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住： make、let、have、look at、see、watch、hear、listen to、no

8、tice、feel。 对了，用“三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。多简单！,*表语往往要求在结构形式上与主语一致，如果主语是动名词结构，表语往往也要用动名词结构；主语如果是不定式结构，则表语也要求用不定式结构。,3)动名词作定语,动名词作定语通常表示被修饰词的用途。,a swimming pool = a pool for swimming,a sleeping car = a car for sleeping,1.睡袋,2.安眠药,3.舞厅,4.手杖,5. 阅览室,6.食用油,A sleeping bag,sleeping pills,A dancing hall,A walking stick

9、,A reading room,cooking oil,7.舞蹈老师,8.跑道,9.临终演讲,10.卧铺车厢,11.洒水壶,12.梳妆台,A dancing teacher,A running track,A dying speech,A sleeping carriage,A watering can,A dressing table,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。 a developing country a country which is developing a sleeping boy a boy who is

10、 sleeping The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang. China is a developing country.,a teaching method a teaching person a swimming pool a swimming boy a sleeping bag a sleeping boy,=a bag for sleeping =a boy who is sleeping,动名词作定语,作定语：动名词,Waiting room; 2. Sleeping pills; 3. Watering can; 4. Operati

11、ng room; 5. Fishing rod; 6. Drinking water 7. Cooking oil; 8. Walking stick; 9. Hunting ground 10. Swimming pool; 11. Dressing table 12. Frying pan,5.动名词的复合结构,动名词的复合结构是由ones/one + v-ing 构成。,当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，应用复合结构。,Example:,Do you mind my smoking here?,His coming to school late made the teacher v

12、ery angry.,*如果在句中作宾语，复合结构中的代词可以用宾格。,eg.I dislike him coming to see me so often.,eg.I have delayed him going abroad.,Practice: 1)Would you mind _ the radio? 2) _ made his teacher angry? (John来迟到使他的老师非常生气) 3) I dont mind _.,my turning off,me turning off,Johns coming late,Jims going.,Jim going,用两个复合结构翻

13、译句子：,1. 李明的迟到使得老师很生气。,2.我现在离开你介意吗？,3.他对我打电话会很吃惊的。,Answer,1. Li Mings being late made his teacher very angry. 2. Do you mind my leaving now? 3. He will be surprised at my calling. 4.Its dangerous for you to swim in the river.,作 状 语,现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。,Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（时间）,Being ill, he went home. （原