年高中人教版英语选修七学案unit3undertheseaPeriodThree

PeriodThreeGrammar&Writing语法感知用所给动词的正确形式填空1．Havingbeenwarned(warn)abouttyphoon，thefishermensailedforthenearestharbour.2．Theteacherdidn’tcatchMikecheatingintheexam，soheescapedbeingpunished(punish)．3．Theproblemisfarfrombeingsettled(settle)．Weshallcontinuediscussingitatthemeetingtobeheld(hold)tomorrow.4．Thequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)nowhassomethingtodowithnature.5．Ourneighbourcameclosetobeingkilled(kill)inatrafficaccidenttheotherday.语法精析动词­ing形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式，因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。从时态上讲，动词­ing形式的被动语态有一般时和完成时两种，即beingdone和havingbeendone。动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语和宾语；现在分词的被动形式在句中可作补语、定语和状语。一、结构主动语态被动语态一般时writingbeingwritten完成时havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten二、意义1．一般时表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。Sheinsistedonbeinggiventhehardestwork.她坚持被派给最艰苦的工作。2．完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Iappreciatedhavingbeengiventhechancetostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我非常感谢两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。[题组训练1](1)Thatbuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。(2)Havingbeeninvited，Mr.Liwenttheretomakeaspeechthoughhewasbusy.被邀请后，李先生尽管很忙，还是去那儿做了演讲。(3)Youcan’teatanythingbeforebeingoperatedon.在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。三、功能1．主语Beinglaughedatinpublicisaterribleexperience.在公共场合被嘲笑是一次非常不愉快的经历。2．宾语IforgetoncebeingtakentotheseawhenIwasyoung.我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。注意：(1)表示“需要(want，need，require)”的主语通常是物，用动名词的主动式表示被动时，也可改为用不定式的被动式。Thissentenceneedsimproving.＝Thissentenceneedstobeimproved.这个句子需要改善。(2)beworth后常跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义。Ifathingisworthdoing，itisworthdoingwell.如果一件事情值得做，就值得做好。(3)动名词被动形式的复合结构当动名词被动形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在v.­ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(整个复合结构不作主语时，可用人称代词宾语代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是v.­ing形式逻辑上的主语。I’mverypleasedatyou/yourhavingbeenhonouredwithamedal.我很高兴你能荣获一枚奖牌。3．作表语Whatmadehisparentshappywashisbeingadmittedtoafamousuniversity.让他父母高兴的是他被名牌大学录取了。4．定语Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.现在正在召开的会议非常重要。注意：动词­ing形式的被动形式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经发生；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动动作。ameetingbeingheldnow现在正在举行的会议ameetingheldyesterday昨天举行的一次会议ameetingtobeheldtomorrow明天将会举行的会议5．宾补Heoftenwatchedtheboatsbeingunloaded.他常常看到轮船卸货。6．状语Beingaskedtogiveaperformance，shecouldn’tverywellrefuse.有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。[题组训练2]用所给动词的正确形式填空(1)Beingexposed(expose)tothesunlightisharmfultoyourskin.(2)DoyoumindJam’sbeingleft(leave)aloneathome?(3)Havingbeencheated(cheat)manytimes，shenowbelievesinnobody.(4)Asweapproachedthevillage，wesawnewhousesbeingput(put)up.(5)Shecouldnotbearbeingmade(make)funoflikethat.高考链接用所给动词的正确形式填空1．Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearitbeingperformed(perform)liveisquiteanother.(2015·浙江)2．Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore，hecangoshoppingwithoutbeingrecognized(recognize)．(2014·北京)3．Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreduced(reduce)toruins，thecitytookonanewlook. (2013·江苏)4．ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrombeingattacked(attack)intheSouthChinaSea.(2012·福建)5．Havingbeenasked(ask)toworkovertimethatevening，Imissedawonderfulfilm.(2012·重庆)写作指导抱怨信属于书信的一种，要求简洁、清楚、易懂。英文信一般由称呼、正文、结束语、署名组成。称呼(Greeting)：收信人的称呼写在左上角，顶格写。写给熟悉的人用逗号(，)。例如：DearAuntie，。正文(Body)：此为信的主题部分，从称呼的下一行写起。第一段可顶格写，另起一段时常空出四五个字母的位置，其他的段落同第二段齐平；第一段也可空出四五个字母的位置。抱怨信的正文一般先说明抱怨的原因，然后提出要求。应特别注意使用委婉语气的句子，例如：Wouldyoupleasenotmakesomuchnoise?(请你别弄出那么大的噪音好吗？)Wouldyoumindnotstandingthere?(请你别站在那儿好吗？)结束语(Closing)：抱怨信的结束语一般写在正文的下方，另起一行。常见的结束语有：Yourssincerely；Yourstruly等。署名(Signature)：写信人自己的姓名，写在结束语的下面一行。常用句式1．It’sagreatpitythatwefoundthereissomethingwrongwith...2．Ihopethatmyproblemwillgetyourkindconsideration.3．Iamsuretherearetechnicalorman­madeerrorsinvolved.4．Ihopeyoucanmakeaninvestigationintothismatterassoonaspossible.5．Iamwritingtomakeaplainton...6．Ifitisnotproperlysettled，Iwouldaskyoutogivemymoneyback，orIwouldplaintotheconcernedauthorities.7．Oneannoyingaspectofyourserviceis...8．Ihavebeenpleasedwithyourservicesforyears，butnowIfeelverydisappointed.9．Iwishtoexpressmydissatisfactionabout...10．Itwouldbehighlyappreciatedifyoucould...典例展示假设你是李华，上个星期天去市图书馆看书时发现了一些问题。请根据下列提示，用英语给馆长写一封100词左右的信，反映情况：1．新书太少；2．书架上的书比较混乱；3．管理员工作时彼此闲聊，读者无法安心看书；4．阅览室的一盏灯坏了，桌椅有些也被损坏。注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2．信的开头和结尾已经为你写好。DearSir，LastSunday，Iwenttodosomereadinginthelibrary.Yours，LiHua完成范文DearSir，LastSunday，Iwenttodosomereadinginthelibrary.Ifoundsomethingunpleasant.1.Therefore(过渡词)，I’dliketovoicemyopinions,2.hoping(hope)itwillbehelpfulforyou3.ofhelptoyou(高级替换)tomanagethelibrary.First，therearenotenoughnewbooksontheshelves，andmostofthebooksarenotpopulartoday4.mostofwhicharenotpopulartoday(改为定语从句)．Second，somebooksarenotsortedinproperorder，whichmakesitdifficultforusreaderstofindwhatwewantquickly5.makingitdifficultforusreaderstofindwhatwewantquickly(改为分词结构作状语)．Third，theassistantsdon’toffergoodservice.Theyarechattingwhilewearereadingquiet，whichmakesitdifficultforustoconcentrateonbooks6.quiet改为quietly(改错).7.Moreover/Besides/Furthermore(而且)，thereissomethingwrongwithoneofthelightsaswellassomedesksandchairs.Asitis，Iamafraidtherewillbefewerandfewerreaders.So，asareader，Isuggestthatyoumakesomenecessarychangesassoonaspossiblesothatthelibrarycanbenefitmorepeople.Yours，LiHuaⅠ.用所给动词的正确形式填空1．Itmakesmesicktoseeherbeingtreated(treat)sobadly.2．Listen!Thepoembeingrecited(recite)isverypopularwiththestudents.3．Beingpunished(punish)bythecoachmadeTomunhappy.4．Thelittlegirlisafraidofbeingattacked(attack)bythedogs.5．—Whydidn’tyougotoseetheplay?—Havingbeentold(tell)thewholestory，Idecidednottoseeit.Ⅱ.完成句子6．Isawthemanbeingtakenawaybythepolice.我看到那个人正被警察带走。7．Thequestionisfarfrombeingsettled.这个问题远没有得到解决。8．Havingbeenshownaroundthelab，theguestsweretakentoseethelibrary.客人们参观完了实验室后又被带去看图书馆。9．Thisproblemrequiresstudying/tobestudiedwithgreatcare.这个问题需要仔细研究。10．Hecouldn’tbearbeingmadefunoflikethat.他受不了别人那样开她的玩笑。Ⅲ.阅读理解AOnacoldeveningofAprilourshipwassailingforIreland.Suddenlyaviolentstormroseandoverturnedourship.FortunatelyIheldaboardandwaswasheduponanisland.Itwaspletelydark.Onreachingtheisland，Ifoundasmoothplacetoliedown.QuitetiredIsleptforalongtime.IwokeupwithastartwhenIwasdazzled(使目眩)byglaringsunlight.HowIfelthungryandthirsty！Theislandwithitsbeautifullandscapeatdawnappearedbeforemyeyes.Ibegantoexploretheisland.Itwasanuninhabitedislandsurroundedbytrees.Yellowfruitinthelightwindmademefeelhungry.Itastedone.Howsweetanddeliciousitwas!IategreedilyalotthenIlaydownfortablyonthesoftgrass.Aroundmewerefragrance(芳香)andsingingofbirds.There，faraway，ontheright，awaterfallwasfallingdownthemountainside.Irushedtowardit.IntheafternoonwhenIwaswanderingaroundtheisland，Ihappenedtofindoutacavehiddenbehindthethickforest.Itwasconvenientformetoturnitintoaplaceforsleepingforthenight.Dayindayout，nearlytwoweekspassedby.Myfoodwasmerefruitandsomefishcaughtfromthestream.SometimesItriedtohuntsomewildanimalsbutinvain.HadIbeenequippedwithnecessarythings，Iwouldhaveenjoyedremaininghereforfood.OnemorningIcaughtsightofaboat.Isignaledandshoutedoutloudly.IwasrescuedbutsofarIhavehadthememoriesofafairylandwhichIhadoncehappenedtodiscover!11．Whatdidtheauthordofirstafterhewaswashedontotheisland?A．Helookedforapassingship.B．Hefoundsomethingtoeat.C．Hefoundaplacetotakearest.D．Hemadetheislandclean.答案C解析细节理解题。从第二段第二句“Onreachingtheisland，Ifoundasmoothplacetoliedown.”可知C项正确。12．WhatistheRIGHTtimeorderofthefollowingevents?a．Hewanderedaroundtheisland.b．Hewasdazzledbyglaringsunlight.c．Heatealotofwildfruits.d．Hefoundtheisland’slandscapewasbeautiful.A．bdac B．cdabC．acdb D．bdca答案A解析细节理解题。从第二段的“IwokeupwithastartwhenIwasdazzled(使目眩)byglaringsunlight.”和“Theislandwithitsbeautifullandscapeatdawn...”及第三段的“Ibegantoexploretheisland...Yellowfruitinthelightwindmademefeelhungry.Itastedone.”可知A项正确。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“anuninhabitedisland”inParagraph3mean?A．Anislandwithbeautifulscenesbutnofruit.B．Anislandwithouthumanslivingonit.C．Anislandthatnohumanshavevisited.D．Anislandwithfreshairandtrees.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第三段作者的介绍可以推知，岛上无人居住。14．Whatdoesthispassagemainlydescribe?A．Howtheauthorovercamedifficultiesontheisland.B．Howtheauthorspentthefirstnightandthefirstdayontheisland.C．Howtheauthorgottotheisland.D．Howtheauthorescapedfromtheisland.答案D解析主旨大意题。从全文的介绍特别是最后一段的内容可知选D。BThegreenturtleislistedasendangeredbytheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.UndertheUSEndangeredSpeciesActof1973，thegreenturtlewaslistedasthreatenedexceptforthebreedingpopulationsinFloridaandonthePacificcoastofMexico，whereitislistedasendangered.Greenturtlescontinuetobecaughtformoneybyhumans，andthedestructionandlossofnestingandforaging(觅食)sitesisaseriousproblem.Humanshavealreadycausedthedecreaseoflargegreenturtlepopulations，includingthosethatoncenestedinBermudaandCaymanIslands.Thesituationofgreenturtlepopulationsisdifficulttodeterminebecauseofourlackofknowledgeabouttheirlifecycles.ThenumberofnestsinFloridaappearstobeincreasing，butwedon’tknowwhetherthisisduetoanincreaseinthenumberofnestsorbecausewehavestartedtomonitornestingbeachesmoreclosely.Thegreenturtleisthelargesthard­shelledseaturtle.Adultsofthisspeciesmonlyreach100cminlengthand150kginmass.TheaveragesizeofafemalenestinginFloridais101.5cmstraightinlength，withanaveragebodymassof136kg.Growthratesofgreenturtleshavenotbeenmeasuredundernaturalconditions.Greenturtlesgrowslowly.InthesouthernBahamas，greenturtlesgrowfrom30to75cmin17years，andaccordingtoBjorndalandBolten，growthratesdecreasewithincreasinglength.GrowthratesmeasuredingreenturtlesfromFloridaandPuertoRicofallwithintherangeofgrowthratesmeasuredinthesouthernBahamas.Basedongrowthratestudiesofwildgreenturtles，theresearchersBalazs，FrazerandEhrhartestimatetheageofsexualmaturity(成熟)canrangeanywherefrom20to50years.15．Thepassageiswrittenmainlytotellus.A．somethingaboutanendangeredanimalB．howgreenturtlesgotextinctC．howheavyagreenturtleisD．howlongagreenturtlecanlive答案A解析主旨大意题。文章开头就提到了绿海龟是一种濒临灭绝的动物，文章主要讲述了绿海龟的生存地、濒危原因和大小等方面，因此选A。16．WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhygreenturtlesareendangered?A．Humanscatchthemtogetprofit.B．Theylosetheirnests.C．Theyhavefewerplacestofindfood.D．Peopleliketokeepthemaspets.答案D解析细节理解题。第二段提到了绿海龟濒临灭绝的三个原因：即人类的捕获、失去巢穴和失去寻找食物的地方。而D项文章没有提及，故其不能作为绿海龟濒临灭绝的原因。17．Accordingtothepassage，thegreenturtle.A．canreach100cminlengthin17yearsB．livesintheseaandgrowsveryslowlyC．livesonlyinFloridaandonthePacificcoastofMexicoD．cangrowfrom30to75cmin17yearsinsouthernFlorida答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Thegreenturtleisthelargesthard­shelledseaturtle.”可知绿海龟生活在海洋里；再根据第四段中的“Greenturtlesgrowslowly.”可知绿海龟生长速度很缓慢。综合以上内容可知选B。Ⅳ.语法填空Therewasayoungflowerinthedesert18.whereallwasdryandsadlooking.Itwasgrowingbyitself，19.enjoying(enjoy)everydayandsayingtothesun，“WhenshallIbegrownup？”Andthesunwouldsay“Be20.patient(patience)！EachtimeItouchyou，yougrowalittle.”Shewasso21.pleased(please)，becauseshewouldhaveachance22.tobring(bring)beautytothiscornerofsand.Andthisisallshewantedtodo—bringalittlebitofbeautytothisworld.23．Butonedaythehuntercamebyandsteppedonher.Shewasgoingtodieandshefeltsosad，notbecauseshewas24.dying(die)，butbecauseshewouldneverhaveachancetobringalittlebitof25.beauty(beautiful)tothiscornerofthedesert.Thegreatspiritsawher，andwaslistening.Indeed，hesaid...Sheshouldbeliving...Sohereacheddownandtouchedher—andgaveher26.asecondlife.Finallyshegrewuptobeabeautifulflower.Andthiscornerofthedesertalsobecamesobeautifulbecause27.ofthelittleflower.Ⅴ.短文改错Isawaaccidenthappenonmywaytohomethisafternoon.Agirlwascrossingthestreetonazebracrossingafterayoungmandroveamotorbiketowardsher.Theyoungmansawthegirlandtriedtostop，andhedrovetoofasttostop.Hehitthegirlandfelloffhismotorbike.Thegirlwasbadinjuredandcouldn’tmove.Theyoungmandidn’tknowhowtodo.Irantoaphoneboxnearbyanddialed.Soonthepolicearrive.Theysentherthehospitalatonce.Oneofthepolicemantalkedtotheyoungmanandwrotedownsomethingwhiletheyweretalking.Ithinkitisdangertodrivetoofast.答案Isaweq\f(a,an)accidenthappenonmywayto\homethisafternoon.Agirlwascrossingthestreetonazebracrossingeq\f(after,when)ayoungmandroveamotorbiketowardsher.Theyoungmansawthegirlandtriedtostop，eq\f(and,but)hedrovetoofasttostop.Hehitthegirlandfelloffhismotorbike.Thegirlwaseq\f(bad,badly)injuredandcouldn’tmove.Theyoungmandidn’tknoweq\f(how,what)todo.Irantoaphoneboxnearbyanddialed.Soonthepoliceeq\f(arrive,arrived).They