上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析_第1页
上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析_第2页
上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析_第3页
上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析_第4页
上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷含解析_第5页
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上海普陀区2024届高三第二次诊断性检测英语试卷请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.Theywenttothestreetto________tothewholecitytohelpthepoorboy.A.apply B.appealC.add D.reply2.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,_________theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.likeB.asC.orD.but3.Takethenoteasareminder______youforgottobuysomesweetsforthekidswhileshoppingthere.A.how B.thatC.incase D.evenif4.Accordingtoarecentstudy,thehighschoolgraduationrateforblackmenhasfallenby43percent,while________ofblackwomenhasrisenby56percent.A.that B.whatC.one D.which5.Privatecarswillberequiredtostayoffroadsoneoutoffiveweekdays____thetrafficpressure.A.toreduce B.reducing C.reduced D.reduce6.Thepostofficeisclosed______Saturdayafternoon.A.on B.in C.of D.at7.Shemusthaverankedherbirthdaypresentsinorderof_becausethetoponeisherfavorite.A.value B.time C.interest D.preference8.---.Wedidn’tfindtheBlacksduringthelecture.---Noonehadtoldthemabout_____alecture.A.theretobe B.therebeing C.therebe D.therewas9.Cambridgegaveapositiveanswerinquiriesonwhetheritrecognizesgaokaoscores.A.infavorof B.inresponsetoC.insaluteto D.inconsequenceof10.Bobwastryingto________thatheknewthefamoussingerwhowouldperforminourcity.A.letout B.layoutC.figureout D.makeout11.---Willyoube_____________thisevening,Mary?---Thatdepends.IamafraidIwillbewithmymanager,discussingaplan.A.convenient B.suitableC.available D.efficient12.--Hello,Kate.Howisyourweekendathome?--Awful!YouknowitisthefirsttimeI____aloneathome,boredtodeath.A.hasleft B.hadleft C.hadbeenleft D.havebeenleft13.Thinkingthatherdaughterwasdoingherhomework,themotherlefttheroom,_________.A.quicklyandgentle B.quickandgentleC.quicklyandgently D.quickandgently14.Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama,NirvanainFire,HuGewould________andactivelyseeknewroles.A.makeamountainoutofamolehillB.havetoomanyironsinthefireC.strikewhiletheironishotD.putthecartbeforethehorse15.Thisrestauranthasbecomepopularforitswide______offoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.A.production B.offerC.range D.division16.—Mycomputerisoutoffunctionagain.—Youneedtogotothecustomerservicecenterandhaveit________.A.torepairB.repairC.repairingD.repaired17.He______achancetotryitagainjustnow.A.gaveB.willgiveC.isgivenD.wasgiven18.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith________oftheirparents.A.thoseB.oneC.thatD.it19.Thegovernmenthasbeenundergrowingpressureto______thecausesofairpollutionassmogfrequentlysmothersthecountry’slargecities.A.release B.scheduleC.maintain D.address20.Pleaseremindyourgrandpatotakemedicineontime,foramanofhisage____beveryforgetful.A.need B.must C.shall D.can第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。21.(6分)Durian(榴莲)isprobablythesmelliestfruitintheworld,lettingoutanunusualunpleasantsmellwhichwouldmakeanyonebringup.However,nobodywasawareofwhatgavethisfruititsuniquesmell,soateamofresearchersfromSingaporedecidedtotakealookatitsgenome(基因组)andfindout,Durianiswell-knownthroughoutSoutheastAsiaasthekingoffruits,mostlybecauseofitsawfulappearanceandsmell.However,theoriginofthisunpleasantsmellwasunknown,soresearchersdecidedtomapthegenomeofthefruit,andfindthegenethatcontrolledit.Agroupofgenes,volatilesulfurcompounds(含硫化合物),becameveryactiveinthefruit,andtheywerefoundresponsibleforresultingintheunpleasantsmell.Thefruitconfuseseveryonewithasulfuricsmell,likerottenonionsandingredients.Thesmelllastslong,mostlybecausethefruitcontainsmorevolatilesulfurcompounds.Otherspeciesusuallybenefitfromtwogenecopiesatmost,butdurianhasfour,leadingtothestrikingsmell.However,thissmellmightbeanadvantagefordurianinthewild.Althoughwefinditunpleasant,manyanimalsmightbeattractedbyit.Iftheyeatthefruit,thentheycaneasilyspreaditsseedseverywhere,thuscontributingtothedistributionofthespecies.Themappingoftheduriangenomealsoshowedsomeotherinformationonthespecies.Firstofall,thefruithasanimpressivenumberofgenes,namely46,000.Also,withthehelpofthesegenes,theysawhowitevolved,anddiscovereditwasrelatedtothecacaotree.AlltheotherdiscoverieshavebeenpublishedinthejournalNatureGenetics.Despitethestrikingsmell,manypeopleactuallyenjoyeatingthefruit.However,notalldurianspeciesareedible,andsomeofthemmayevencausedamagetoourhealth,Evenso,thefruitisoftenimported,significantlycontributingtotheeconomy.1、Whatgivedurianitsuniquesmell?A.Onionsnearby.B.Twogenecopies.C.Rotteningredientsinit.D.Volatilesulfurcompounds.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evolved”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Developed.B.Escaped.C.Predicted.D.Tolerated.3、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Nobirdsenjoyeatingdurian.B.Duriancanbeplantedallovertheworld.C.Someofdurianspeciescannotbeeaten.D.Durianhasnorelationshipwiththecacaotree.4、What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.What’sDurian?B.TheInfluenceoftheSmellC.TheDistributionofDurianD.TheMysteryoftheUnpleasantSmellofDurian22.(8分)Onacollegecampingtrip,curiosityaboutwavesandsandcausedRobThielertostudyshorelinesaroundtheworld.ThirtyyearslaterandnowaU.S.GeologicalSurveyresearchgeologist,Thieler,iscombiningscienceandsmartphonetechnologytohelpstudyabird,whichisdyingout,theAtlanticCoastpipingplover.ThepipingploverisashorebirdthatlivesalongtheAtlanticCoast,theGreatLakesandtheGreatPlains.Risingsealevelassociatedwithclimatechange,aswellasincreaseddevelopmentoftheirbeachhabitats(栖息地),threatensthespecies.Tohelptrackchangesinpipingploverhabitats,ThielerdevelopedafreeappcallediPloverin2012.Thisisamarkedchangefromthetypicalwayscientistscollectdata.SincereleasingiPlover,scientistshavegathereddataacross1,500kmofbreedingrange.ThatequalsaboutathirdofthedistanceacrosstheU.S.,whichisalargeareatocoverforonlytwothousandbreedingpairsofpipingploversontheeastcoast.Insteadofhavingtotravelandspenddaysateachsite,anumberofcooperatorsinthefieldusetheapptocollectandsenddata,allowingscientiststogatherdatamoreefficiently.Italsoallowsthemtocollectdataatthesametimeduringeachbreedingseason,providingabetterpictureofchangesthathappenoverlongerperiodsoftime.Andfast,centralizedaccessmeansscientistscanlookatdataquicklytogetareal-timeideaofwhereandhowpipingploversareusingtheirhabitats.WhileiPloverisusedbytrainedfieldstaff,otherappsliketheU.S.GeologicalSurvey’sweb-based“iCoast—DidtheCoastChange?”invitecitizenscientiststoidentifycoastalchangesbycomparingaerial(从飞机上的)photographstakenbeforeandafterstorms.Alltheinformationscientistsandcitizenscientistsalikecollecthelpsfederalandstateagenciescreatepolicyplansforaddressingclimatechangeimpacts(影响)worldwide.1、Whatcanweknowaboutthepipingplover?A.Itsbehaviourischanging.B.Itshabitatisgrowingbigger.C.Itslivingenvironmentisbecomingworse.D.ItsbreedingrangeislimitedtotheAtlanticCoast.2、WhydidThielerdevelopiPlover?A.TostudyshorelinesacrossAmerica.B.Toadvanceinformationtechnology.C.Tostudyglobalclimatechange.D.Tomonitorchangesofpipingploverhabitats.3、Whichofthefollowingbenefitstheshorebird?A.Thecampingequipment. B.Researchonsmartphones.C.Thechangeablecoast. D.Progressintechnology.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ProtectingEndangeredShorebirds B.RobThieler,aCreativeScientistC.iPlover,aToolforTrainingFieldStaff D.DifferencesBetweeniPloverandiCoast23.(8分)Bambooisoneoftheworld'smostusefulplants.Forthousandsofyears,bamboohasbeenusedinmanydifferentways-fromfoodtomedicinetoclothingand,insmallways,asabuildingmaterial.However,bambooisnotoftenusedasabuildingmaterialinthedevelopedworld.AprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvaniaistryingtochangethat.Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo.Theyaretestinghowmuchpressureorweightitcantakebeforebreaking.KentHarriesisaprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Harriessaysthattestingmethodsforbambooneedtobethesameforall.Theyneedtobestandardized.Standardizingtestmethodsforbamboowillhelptobringtheplantintocommonuse.Itwillalsogiveengineersandbuildersaroundtheworldadependablestandard.Harriessaysthatbambooisstronginnature.Thestrengthofatleastthreespeciesofbambooissimilartosteel.Besidesitsstrength,bamboohasotherfeaturesthatmakeitveryusefulinbuilding.Hesaysitisresilient(有弹力的),meaningitkeepsitsshapeandstrengthevenunderpressure.Bambooalsogrowsquickly.Bamboothatissuitableforconstructionneedsmuchlessresourcesthanwood.Theharvestcycleofbambooisabout3years.Softwoodssuchascedar,pineandsprucehaveaharvestcycleofabout10years.Andhardwoodsthatcomefromfloweringplantssuchasoakandwalnutneedmorethan30years.Bambooiswidelyusedasfoodforpandabears.Itisalsousedforflooringandwindowcovers.However,forbuilding,bambooisnotusedmuchoutsideitsnativegrowingarea.Thisismostlybecauseofitsroundshape.Butthereareotherreasonstoo.Peoplethink--orhavethementality--thatbambooisalowqualitybuildingmaterial.1、What

is

the

author

mainly

talking

about

in

the

passage?A.Make

bamboo

a

commonbuilding

material.B.Take

advantage

of

bamboo

in

our

everyday.C.Consider

bamboo

to

be

a

common

plant.D.Use

bamboo

to

replace

building

materials.2、What

is

the

purpose

of

what

Kent

Harries

and

his

students

did?A.To

prove

what

is

the

most

useful

plant.B.To

introduce

bamboo

to

the

developed

world.C.To

give

engineers

and

builders

some

advice.D.To

make

sure

of

the

strength

of

bamboo.3、What

does

Harries

think

of

bamboo

in

the

passage?A.Harries

sees

bamboo

as

a

great

building

material.B.Harries

thinks

bamboo

is

as

strong

as

steel.C.Harries

sees

bamboo

as

the

most

ideal

Plant.D.Harries

thinks

bamboo

has

the

reliable

shape.4、What

can

be

inferred

from

the

passage?A.Bamboo

Is

an

environmentally

friendly

building

material.B.Bamboo

material

will

go

to

the

market

in

the

soon

future.C.Hardwoods

are

much

more

popular

than

softwoods.D.Bamboo

grows

not

only

faster

but

takes

up

less

space.24.(8分)Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime–abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup–yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps(小睡)inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates,wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional,peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeople,unfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterward.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.1、Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A.Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B.Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C.Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D.Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.2、Ifyougetupat6:30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?A.About12:30pm. B.About1:30pm.C.About2:30pm. D.About3:30pm.3、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRest B.AllforaNapC.ASpecialSleepPattern. D.TakingNapsinWarmerClimate.25.(10分)ScientistsaretryingtosavePuertoRico’sendangeredAmazonparrotsafterHurricaneMariadestroyedthebirds’habitatsandfoodsources(来源).ElYunqueisalargenationalforestontheeasternpartofPuertoRico.Justtwoofthe56wildparrotsthatoncelivedtheresurvivedMaria,theCategory-4stormthatstruckPuertoRicoinSeptember2017.Scientistsreportotherforestshaveseengreatdropsinparrotpopulationsaswell.Inthe1800s,thereweremorethanamillionofthebrightgreenparrotslivinginthewildinPuertoRico.Bythe1970s,thenumberwasdowntojust13birdsafteryearsofforestclearing.Aspecialprogramwasstartedin1972tohelpincreasetheparrotpopulation,whichledtothecreationofthreebreeding(繁殖)centers.JustweeksbeforeHurricaneMariahit,scientistscounted56wildparrotsatElYunque.Thatwasthehighestnumberintheprogram’shistory.Scientistssaythateventhoughseveralparrotshavebeenbornincaptivity(笼养)andinthewildsinceMaria,thespeciesisstillindanger.ThePuertoRicanAmazonistheisland’sonlyremainingnativeparrot.Morethan460ofthebirdsarekeptinsidethebreedingcentersatElYunqueandtheRioAbajoforest.Scientistshavenotreleased(释放)anyofthebirdssinceHurricaneMaria.Athirdbreedingcenter,inaforestinthewesternareaofMaricao,hasnotbeeninoperationsincethestorm.Scientistsareconsideringwhethertocatchsomeoftheremainingwildparrotsandputtheminthesamecageasthebirdsthataresettobereleased.Thisway,thecaptivebirdscanlearnfromthewildbirdshowtosurviveintheforests.AnotherconsiderationistoreleasesomecaptiveparrotsinMaricao,whichwasnotasheavilydamagedbyMaria.1、Whyhastheparrotpopulationgreatlydecreasedinthepast200years?A.BecauseofHurricaneMaria.B.Becauseoftoomuchhunting.C.Becauseofthelossofforests.D.Becauseoflackofbreedingcenters.2、WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutHurricaneMaria?A.Itkilled56wildparrotsatElYunque.B.Itgreatlyaffectedparrotsincaptivity.C.Itreducedthenumberofwildparrots.D.Itledtothecreationofthreebreedingcenters.3、WhatcanweinferaboutAmazonparrotsincaptivity?A.Theyhavethehighestnumberinthehistory.B.TheyhavebeenreleasedsinceHurricaneMaria.C.Theyareusedtolivinginthewild.D.Theyarelargerinnumberthanthoseinthewild.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ScientistsWorktoSavePuertoRicanParrots.B.AmazonParrotsareinDangerofDisappearing.C.ASpecialProgramHelpsIncreasetheParrotPopulation.D.HurricaneMariaReducedtheNumberofAmazonParrots.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节)第一节(每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26.(30分)Mybeautiful18-year-olddaughterwasadmittedtopsychiatric(精神病的)care.I1hertwiceaday.Shewastheonly2whohadvisitorsateverysession.Onthecontrary,somewere3tohaveavisitoronceaweek.Iwasaskedbythepatientsto4aChristmasbasketontheirbehalfforthenursingstaff,andIwas5enoughmoneythattheyofferedmetoputtogetheraluxurybasket.My6OlivecameintoourofficewhenIwas7tomakethebasketwhilestudentswereplayingoutside.ShecouldseeIwas8andunwellasIstruggledputtingthebaskettogether.Oliveofferedto9,madeagreatjobofthebasketandthenhelpedcarryittomycar.WhenI10andbroughtthebaskettothepatientsinperson,theywereabsolutely11.Iwastherewhenthey12ittothenursingstaff;they’dneverbeengivenanythinglikethisbeforeandtheywereso13andappreciative.Itwasabeautiful14asthoseinpsychiatriccareacknowledgedthosewhocaredforthem.Afewdayslater,I15athank-youcardandaboxofchocolatesfromthepatientsfor16themwiththeirbasket.Ican’ttellyouhow17Iwasalsoatthattimewhenseeingtheirsmilingfaces.Thesewerepeoplewhowereunableto18outsidehospital.Theywere19peoplewhowereunabletolookafterthemselvesandwereonveryhighmedication,20theirheartsstillfoundloveandgratitudeforthenursingstaffandforme.2491、A.scoldedB.calledC.taughtD.visited2、A.doctorB.nurseC.patientD.teacher3、A.successfulB.luckyC.worriedD.angry4、A.prepareB.buyC.throwD.draw5、A.givenB.paidC.lentD.owed6、A.daughterB.colleagueC.studentD.teacher7、A.pretendingB.managingC.attemptingD.regretting8、A.excitedB.relaxedC.amazedD.tired9、A.takeupB.takeoverC.takeoffD.takeout10、A.droveB.walkedC.ranD.rode11、A.sadB.nervousC.calmD.delighted12、A.explainedB.ownedC.presentedD.returned13、A.puzzledB.disappointedC.touchedD.frightened14、A.momentB.girlC.hospitalD.car15、A.stoleB.receivedC.borrowedD.ordered16、A.sharingB.exchangingC.fixingD.helping17、A.gratefulB.cautionsC.politeD.happy18、A.watchB.functionC.eatD.speak19、A.honestB.healthC.weakD.humor20、A.butB.ifC.becauseD.or第二节(每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27.(15分)The"OneBeltOneRoad"strategy(策略)proposedbyPresidentXiJinpinghasdrawnpublicattentionto1.oldestandlongesttraderoute-SilkRoad.Theterminanarrowsensereferstoanancientoverlandtraderoute2.(form)intheWesternHanDynasty.Thisroutestretched4,350milesfromChang'santowesternChina,centralAsiaandeventoEurope,3.(enable)thesesregionstohavebettercommunicationsindiplomacy(外交),businessandculture.Chinawasthefirstcountryintheworldtobreedsilkwormsandproducesilkfabric.Thiscraftskillreacheda4.(fair)advancedlevelintheZhouDynasty.AsamajorexporttoEurope,"silk"wasusedtonamethisgreatroutebyaGermangeographer.China'ssilk5.(introduce)intowesterncountriesthroughthisoldtraderoute.Peoplewere6.(familiar)withhisproductatthebeginning,andmademanyguessesat7.itwasproduced.Accordingtotherecord,theideathatsilkwaspickedfromtreeswaswidelyacceptedbyfolksinEurope.8.(garment服装)madeofthisfabricwerealwaysbestsellers,andwereconsideredasocialstatussymbol.EverthegorgeousEgyptianqueen,Cleopatra,wasalsoabigfanofthesilk.Thisfascinationled9.anincreasingdemandforthisproduct,andpromotedthe10.(develop)ofthistradingroute.第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)28.(10分)假定以下是某同学的一篇习作,请你帮助修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1、

每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2、只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起),不计分。OurclasshadanexcitingbasketballmatchwithourneighborClassfour、Ihadthoughtthatourteamwasconsistedofstrongandableplayers,meincluding,whileoppositeteamwasnomatchforus、Andwhenthematchstarted,Iwasamazedtofindthateachmemberoftheotherteamwasfightinghardly,regardlessuponthefactthattheywerefarleastcapablethanus、Therefore,itcameasnosurprisedthatwebecamethewinnerinthematch,

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