Unit2ALifesworkUsinglanguage导学案（二）-高二下学期英语选择性

高二英语下学期Unit2ALife’swork学案（一）Startingout&Understandingideas【目标展示】Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:Understandthevideo,andlearnthestoryaboutCookDing;ReadthereportandfindoutwhoisBillCunninghamandwhatdidhedo;Analysethecontentofthereportandfindoutthedetailedinformation;Improvecriticalthinkingabilityanddeepenunderstandingofthemeaningofthetheme.【师生互动】StepⅠLeadinActivity1WatchavideoWatchthevideoandanswerthequestions.1.HowdidCookDingparehimselftoothercooks?2.WhatlessondidLordWenhuilearnfromCookDing?Activity2PredictionLookatthetitleofthepassageandthepictures.Thinkaboutwhatthetitlemeans.StepⅡWhilereadingActivity1ReadforthemainideaChooseanothersuitabletitleforthepassageandgiveyourreasons.Activity2pletethediagramOrganiseinformationfromthepassageandpletethediagram.StepⅢPostreadingGothroughthequestionandthinkaboutitindividually,thendiscussthequestioningroupsandsharetheanswerswiththeclass.Question:WhatcanyoulearnfromBillCunningham?Shareyourthoughtswiththeclass.【体系整合】【高质训练】课文语法填空,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cunninghamwas1.famousAmerican

photographerofthelast50years.Hetookallhis2.(picture)onthestreetsofNewYorkandfound3.(inspire)ineverydayscenesbecausehethoughtonlyinrealthingscouldheseebeauty.Inhisopinion,fashionbelonged4.allthepeople.Hisdevotionandhardwork5.canbereflectedinhisphotoscontributestohissuccess.Thoughhewasfamous,hisapproachtolifewas6.(plicated).Cunninghamneveracceptedthebenefits7.(offer)tohimbecausehevaluedhisintegrity.Heoncesaid,“Money’sthe8.(cheap)thing.”Allhisattention9.(focus)onhiscraft.Hepassedawayattheageof87andwasrecognisedasa“10.(culture)anthropologist”.

高二英语下学期Unit2ALife’swork学案（二）Usinglanguage【目标展示】Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:1.Identifyandsummarisetheformsandfunctionsofpredicativeclausesthroughobservationandapplyitcorrectlyinthecontextandsituation;2.Usepredicativeclausesandwordsandexpressionsthatdescribetraditionalhandicrafts;3.Understandthegeneralideaofthelisteningmaterial,andobtaindetailstopletethetable;4.Userelevantwordsandexpressionstodescribethestatusquooftraditionalhandicraftsandthequalityofcraftsmanship.【师生互动】StepⅠLeadinLookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a.Thisiswhatmakesthemsospecial.b.Asimplerestaurantwaswhereheusuallyhadthesamemealofsausages,eggsandcoffee.1.Whatformdoesthepredicativetakeinsentences(a)and(b)?2.Whyis“what”usedinsentence(a)and“where”usedinsentence(b)?3.Whatotherwordsdoyouknowthatcanleadapredicativeclause?StepⅡAnalyseandidentifyActivity1ListentothestoryofRuthBancroftandpletethesentenceswithpredicativeclauses.Listenagainifnecessary.1.Onereasonwhythegardenisuniqueis.

2.Anotherreasonforitsuniquenessis.

3.Thedroughtresistantplantswiththick,fleshyleavesbecame.

4.AlthoughWalnutCreekwasnot,Ruthmanagedtogrowthembymuchtrialanderror.

5.Itseemed.

Activity2Grammarpoints表语从句是指一个句子作为表语,放在系动词之后,说明主语是什么或者怎么样。含有表语从句的一般结构为“主语+系动词+关联词+表语从句”。1.可接表语从句的系动词有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。Itseemsasifitwerespringalready.似乎春天已经来了。2.引导表语从句的常见关联词有连接代词who,which,whatever等,连接副词how,why,whenever等,从属连词as,that,whether等。Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们找谁来代替她。Theproblemishowwecanfindhim.问题是我们如何找到他。Thefactisthatwehavenoideatosolvethisproblem.事实是我们不知道怎么解决这个问题。Thequestioniswhethertheywillhelpus.问题是他们会不会帮助我们。3.引导表语从句的that通常不省略,但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。Thetroubleis(that)heisill.麻烦的是他生病了。Activity3PracticeRewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingpredicativeclauses.MeiLanfang(1894—1961)MeiLanfangwasbornintoafamilyofPekingandKunquOperaperformersin1894.Attheageofeight,hestartedtraininginPekingOperaonadailybasis.Whenhewas17,hekeptaflockofpigeonsandtrainedthemtoflyhigh.

EverydayMeiwatchedthemastheyflew,whichhelpedhimtodeveloptheexpressiveeyemovementsthatweresocrucialtohisart.HishardworkanddedicationmadehimaleadingartistinPekingOpera.

Meiwasalsoaninnovator.Inadditiontonewstagedesignsandsingingstyles,hisinnovationsinmakeupandcostumedesignallowedformorevividdepictionsoffemalecharacters.ThiscontributedgreatlytothedevelopmentofPekingOpera.

Untilhepassedawayin1961,MeihadbeenperformingandencouragingthespreadtoPekingOperaforalmost60years.ThislifelongdevotionhasmadehimoneofthemostcelebratedPekingOperaartistsofalltime.

StepⅢListeningActivity1Listentotheradioprogrammeandchooseitspurpose.1.Tointroducefamoustraditionalcraftstotheaudience.2.Toraisetheaudience’sawarenessofpreservingtraditionalcrafts.3.Toreplacetraditionalcraftswithmoderntechnology.4.Totellthestoriesofsomefamouscraftworkers.Activity2Listenagainandpletethetable.Traditionalcrafts•Clogmaking•1.

Reasonsfortheirdyingout•2.hasfallen.

•Substitutesare3.andmuchcheaper,whilethecostof4.forcraftworkersishigh.

•Theyoungergenerationis5.whichcantakeyearstomaster.

【体系整合】【高质训练】Activity1语法专练1.ButthebottomlineisIshouldn’tlietomykids.

2.That’smakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.

3.Theproblemmaybeinouroffices,wecan’tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers’conversationswhilewe’retryingtofocus.

4.Thisismotivationorthelackofitcando.

5.Collegeisyoumeetyourbridesmaids,groomsmen,neighbours,andpotentialbosses.

6.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.

7.Themainquestionisyouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.

8.Thisiseveryonelearnedtoread.

Activity2翻译句子1.他以前看过这部电影。这就是他昨晚没看的原因。2.我想知道的是你怎样才能说服他去。高二英语下学期Unit2ALife’swork学案（三）Developingideas【目标展示】Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:1.UnderstandthehardshipanddifficultiesoftheclockrestorationandrecognisethesignificanceofworkinthePalaceMuseum;2.Feelthespiritofcraftsmanshipandtherealmeaningofalife’swork.【师生互动】StepⅠLeadinWatchthevideoandanswerthequestions.1.WhowastheForbiddenCitybuiltfor?2.WhendiditbeehometothePalaceMuseum3.HowmanyworksofartarethereinthePalaceMuseum?4.WhatdoyouthinkmakesthePalaceMuseumuniqueintheworld?StepⅡWhilereadingActivity1ReadforthemainideaLookatthetitleandthepictures.Predictwhatthepassageisabout.Nowreadthepassageandcheckyourprediction.Activity2ReadfordetailedinformationMatchthequestionstotheparagraphsandfindouttheanswers.WhyisWangJinoptimisticaboutthefutureofthetimepiecesinthePalaceMuseum?WhyisitpainstakingforWangJinandhisstudentstorepairthecollectionoftimepiecesinthePalaceMuseum?WhathasbeendonetotheclocksthatdatebacktothetimeofEmperorQianlong?WhoisWangJinandwheredoeshework?WhatqualitiesdoWangJinandhiscolleaguesdisplayintheirwork?WhatwasspecialaboutWangJinandhisstudentQiHaonan?Activity3Thinkandshare1.Whatisyourunderstandingofthetitle,“MasterofTime”?Whatfigureofspeechdoestheauthoruse?

2.Whatisyourunderstandingofthesentence,“Thisisaraceagainsttimethatcanneverbewon”?Doyouagreewiththis?Giveyourreasons.3.WhatdoBillCunninghamandWangJininthetworeadingpassagesinthisunithaveinmon?4.Whatcanyoudotohelptopassontraditionalskillsandthespiritofcraftsmanship?StepⅢPostreadingWorkingroups.GiveaspeechaboutthespiritofcraftsmanshipinthePalaceMuseum.1.ThinkaboutothermastersinthePalaceMuseum.Thendiscussthequestionswithinyourgrouptoprepareforyourspeech.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.·Whoarethemasters?·Whatfieldsdotheyworkin?·Whatspecificexamplescanyougiveoftheirwork?·Whataspectsofthespiritofcraftsmanshiparedemonstratedthroughtheirwork?·Howcanyoudevelopanddisplaysuchspiritindailylife?2.Organiseyourspeechbypletingthetable.AspectsofthespiritofcraftsmanshipSupportingexamplesConclusion3.Nowthinkaboutyourperformanceinthespeech.Voteforthemostconvincingspeechandaskthespeakertosharesomepublicspeakingskills.【体系整合】【高质训练】Languagepoints1.InthequietcourtyardsofXiSanSuo,behindthehighwallsoftheForbiddenCity,timeticksatitsownpace.【翻译】在紫禁城高墙后的西三所安静的庭院里,时间滴滴答答轻轻地飞逝着。【讲解】atone’sownpace以轻松自在的速度/asslowlyorquicklyasonelikes【学以致用】本课程允许同学们按自己的节奏去发展。【拓展】(1)keeppacewith与……并驾齐驱/步调一致他加速了,她感到很难跟上他。(2)IfoundMarkatthehospital.(焦躁不安地踱来踱去)

(3)Ihadtogettotheairportbytwo,and.(时间正在一分一秒地过去)

2.Ifithadn’tbeenforathreeepisodedocumentary,outsiderswouldneverhaveknownthattheplainlydressedpeopleworkingherearemastersoftheircraft...【翻译】要不是因为一部三集的纪录片,外人永远也不会知道这群衣着朴素的工作人员都是精通手艺的大师们……【讲解】本句If...hadn’t...,...wouldhavedone...是虚拟语气句型,表示与事实相反;该句可省略为:Haditnotbeenfor/Butfor/Without..,outsiderswouldneverhave...

【学以致用】(1)Ifithadnotbeenfortheguide,wewouldhavegotlostintheforest.theguide,wewouldhavegotlostintheforest.

(2)Ifitthebadweather,weflykitesnow.

如果不是天气不好,我们现在就去公园放风筝了。3.Therefore,inordertopleasethem,foreignenvoyspresentedthesesemperorswiththemostintricateandsplendidtimepieces.【翻译】因此,外国使节们把最精致、最华丽的钟表送给这些皇帝们以来取悦他们。【学以致用】TranslatetheunderlinedpartsbelowintoChinese(1)ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIsawmyselfasahandsomeandwellpresentedyoungman.(2)Shewaspresentedwithanaward.

(3)We’llpresenttheinformationusingachart.

(4)Youmustpresentyourpassporttothecustomsofficer.

(5)Atthepresenttimewehavenoexplanationforthis.

(6)ThisdigitalcamerawouldmakeanexcellentpresentforLabourDay.

高二英语下学期Unit2ALife’swork学案（四）Presentingideas【目标展示】Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:1.Understandtheimportanceofperseveranceinworkandinlifeandsolveproblemscritically;2.Knowthebasicstepsofadebateandexpresstheirviewpointsinaproperway;3.Buildtheabilityofcollectingsupportingevidencesandgroupcooperation.【师生互动】StepⅠLeadinLookatthepicturesofpeopleindifferentcareersandanswerthequestions.1.Whatkindofjobwillyouchooseinthefuture?2.Doyouthinkyoucandevoteyourwholelifetothisone?StepⅡPreparationActivity1UnderstandtwoviewpointsReadthetwopointsofviewandanswerthequestions.1.WhatisJamestryingtoexpress?2.WhatisIvytryingtoexpress?3.Whichpersondoyouagreewith?Activity2TakesidesWorkingroupsandtakesides.Thinkofargumentstosupportyourpointofviewandmakenotes.Pointofview:

Arguments:

Supportingexamples:

Activity3PrepareforadebatePrepareforadebate.Considerthefollowing:StepⅢDebateTeamupwithagroupwiththeoppositepointofviewandholdadebate.【体系整合】Writeareflectionafterpletingthisunit.Considerthefollowing:【高质训练】核心素养专练Traditionalcraftsaredyingout,beingreplacedbynewer,fasterandcheapertechnicalmethods.Andyet,somepeoplestilllovetheoldways,seeingthemasrequiringmoreskill,resultinginmorebeauty,andbeingsomehow,morehuman.Inpreservingtraditionalcrafts,wearealsopassingonourhistoryandculture.Doresearchonlineandvisitmuseums,galleriesandworkshops.Trytointerviewcraftworkerstofindsomethingoutabouttraditionalcraftsinyourareaandcreatingadirectoryoftraditionalcrafts.高二英语下学期Unit2Alife’swork单元同步训练（一）Part1Startingout&Understandingideas基础过关练Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Myfatherhasafascinationchess,andhealwaysinvitesotherstoplayitwithhim.

2.Myroommate’sgrandmotherpassedlastweek,whichmadeherverysad.

3.Sometimeswhatisoutfashioncanefashionagain.

4.AsfarasIknow,Davidisaneasy⁃goingand(plicated)boy,soyouwillcertainlyhavefunwithhimtoday.

5.Thetigerisafiercelargeanimal(belong)tothecatfamily.

6.WhenIpassedhishouse,Iobservedhim(play)intheyard.

7.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyisheshowsaninterest.

Ⅲ.选词填空morethan;devotionto;passionfor;regardlessof;awiderangeof;notonceMyEnglishteacher,MrSmith,putsmostofhistimeintoteachingus.Hehardlyevertakesadayofffromworkand1.stayshomesick.2.thebadweather,healwaysarrivesatschoolontime.His3.teachingishighlypraised.Besidesguidingusinourstudy,healsoencouragesustoparticipatein4.activities,whichcancultivateourinterestandbroadenourhorizons.His5.sportshasagreatinfluenceonus.Forme,heis6.ateacher.Iregardhimasmyfriend.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.就在那一刻,他灰心丧气,像一个泄气的皮球。(强调句)hewasdiscouragedlikeadeflatedrubberball.(读后续写—情感描写)

2.不管可能会遇到多少困难,我永远不会放弃跳舞。Iwillnevergiveupdancing,Imayencounter.

3.那个国家发生了一场可怕的地震,导致成千上万的人死亡。(现在分词短语作状语)Aterribleearthquakehappenedinthatcountry,.

4.她没有打字经验,对它也不感兴趣。(nor)Shehasnoexperienceintyping,it.

能力提升练Ⅰ.课文语法填空Althoughhewasaworld⁃famousfashionphotographer,Cunningham’sapproach1lifewasunplicated.Helivedinasmallapartmentwitha2(share)washroom.

Cunninghamneveracceptedthebenefitsofferedtohimforbeingafashionphotographer.Hevaluedhisintegrityandwouldnotbeboughtbyanyone,nomatterhowmanyfreeclothesorflightstofarawaydestinationshe3(offer).Andifhewenttoacelebrityparty,hewastheretoworkratherthanhavefun.“Money’sthe4(cheap)thing,”heoncesaid,thenadded:“...5(free)isthemostexpensive.”Thislackofself⁃interestandpromotionkeptCunninghamfocusedonhiscraft,6(enable)himtocaptureNewYork’suniquestreetstyle.

Cunningham’spassionforphotographylastedthroughouthislife.Hewas87whenhepassed7,andhadbeenworkingrightupuntilhislastillness.Hishardworkmadehimmorethanafashionphotographer—hewasa“culturalanthropologist”,8wecanthankforrecordingthelifeofawholecityand9(it)peopleoverhalfacentury.BillCunninghamwas10observer,andnotoneoftheobserved,aworkernotastar—andthiswashowhewantedit.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2023陕西西北大学附属中学期中)Throughouthistoryscientistshaveriskedtheirhealthandtheirlivessearchingfortruths.SirIsaacNewton,theseventeenthcenturyscientist,wasverysmart,butnonetheless,thatdidn’tstophimfromdoingsomeprettystupidthings.InhislaboratoryinCambridgeheoftendidthestrangestexperiments.Once,whiletestinghowlightpassesthroughlenses,heputalongneedleintohiseye,pushedittotheback,andthenmoveditaroundjusttoseewhatwouldhappen.Luckily,nothinglong⁃lastingdid.Onanotheroccasionhestaredatthesunforaslongashecouldbear,todiscoverwhateffectthiswouldhaveonhissight.Againheescapedsufferingpermanentdamage,thoughhehadtospendsomedaysinadarkenedroombeforehiseyesrecovered.Inthe1770stheSwedishchemistCarlScheelewasthefirstpersontofindawaytoproducephosphorus(磷).Heinfactdiscoveredeightmorechemicalelementsincludingchlorine,thoughhedidn’tgetanyacclaimforthem.Hewasaverycleverscientist,buthisonefailingwasacurioushabitoftastingsomeofeverysubstanceheworkedwith.Thisriskypracticefinallycaughtupwithhim,andin1786hewasfounddeadinhislaboratorysurroundedbyalargenumberofdangerouschemicals,anyofwhichmighthavebeenresponsibleforhisdeath.EugeneShoemakerwasarespectedgeologist.Hespentalargepartofhislifestudyingcraters(火山口)onthemoon,andhowtheywereformed,andlaterdidresearchintotheetsoftheplanetJupiter.In1997heandhiswifewereintheAustraliandesertwheretheywenteveryyeartosearchforplaceswhereetsmighthavehittheearth.WhiledrivingintheTanamidesert,normallyoneoftheemptiestplacesintheworld,anothervehiclecrashedintothemandShoemakerwaskilledonthespot.SomeofhisashesweresenttothemoonaboardtheLunarProspectorspacecraftandleftthere—heistheonlypersonwhohashadthishonor.1.Whichwordissimilartotheunderlinedword“permanent”inParagraph2?A.Brief. B.Lasting. C.Slight. D.Ordinary.2.WhatdoweknowaboutCarlScheeleaccordingtothistext?A.Hewaskilledbytastingphosphorus.B.Hekilledhimselfwithsomedangerouschemicals.C.Hishabitoftastingchemicalsmightaccountforhisdeath.D.Hegotalargenumberofhonorsfordiscoveringmanychemicalelements.3.AsforShoemaker,whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Hewasknockedoveranddiedinadesert.B.Allofhisasheswereplacedonthemoon.C.OneetofJupiterwasnamedafterhim.D.AspacecraftcarryinghimtraveledaroundJupiter.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Threegreatscientists’famousexperiments.B.Threegreatscientists’greatachievements.C.Threegreatscientists’sacrificefortruths.D.Threegreatscientists’specialhonors.B(2021北京东城区期末)HuangDanian,thewell⁃knownChinesegeophysicist,wasbornin1958inGuangxi,China.Asakeenandablestudent,HuangwenttotheUKin1993tofurtherhisstudies.BythetimeHuangmovedbacktoChinain2008,hehadbeenlivingandworkingintheUKfor15years.Hehadagoodjobandlifethere,buthegaveitalluptoreturnhomedrivenbytheideathatheneededtocontributetohiscountry.Asoneoftheworld’sleadingexpertsindeepearthexplorationtechnology,HuangtookupapositionatJilinUniversity,Changchun.HuangwasnamedleadscientistonChina’sdeepearthexplorationprogramme,developingadvancedcamerasthatcanseethroughtheEarth’scrust(地壳)sothatitcanbeanalysedwithouthavingtodigintoit.Hesetupanadvancedlab,sometimespayingforequipmentwithhisownmoney.Somedescribedhimasa“lunatic”(a“madman”),butthispassionanddriveenabledHuangtopushforwardsChina’sdeepearthexplorationtechnologyintoaworld⁃leadingposition.Huang’sdevotioncontributedtoChina’slunarprobe(月球探测器)YuTubeinglandedonthemoonin2013andthelaunchofthespacecraftShenzhou⁃11andTiangong⁃2in2016.Huang’shealthalsopaidthepriceforhismitmenttohiswork.Hebeganhavingfaintingfits(昏厥)in2012,butpaidthemlittleattention,statinghedidnothavetimetogotoseeadoctor—hisworkalwayscamefirst.InNovember2016,Huangfaintedandwastakentohospital,wherehewasdiagnosedwithcancer.Thediseasewassoadvancedthathehadjustacoupleofmonthstolive.Likethetruescientisthewas,Huangnevergaveup,butalwaystriedtopushforwards.Evenfromhishospitalbed,hecontinuedhiswork,writinglettersofreferenceforhiscolleaguesandreplyingtoquestionsfromhisstudents.HuangdiedinJanuary2017,agedjust58.Morethan800peopleattendedhisfuneraltocelebratealifethatburnedsobright,butwassoshort.5.WhydidHuangreturntoChinain2008?A.Becausehedesiredtodevotehimselftohismotherland.B.Becausehehadagoodjobandlifehere.C.BecauseJilinUniversityofferedhimatopposition.D.Becausehewasn’tsatisfiedwiththelifeintheUK.6.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.China’saerospacedevelopment.B.Huang’sworkingattitudeandstyle.C.Huang’sgreatcontributionstoChina.D.China’sdeepearthexplorationtechnology.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.TheworkingenvironmentcausedHuang’sdisease.B.Huangworkedcontinuouslydespitehispoorhealth.C.Huangwastakentohospitalafterhefaintedin2012.D.AlargesumofmoneywaspaidtotreatHuang’sillness.8.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeHuangDanian?A.Generousandhonest.B.Passionateandpatient.C.Modestandcourageous.D.Patrioticandmitted.Part2Usinglanguage基础过关练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.ChenShifeng,aretiredsoldier,developedanew“wargown(战袍)”formedicalusetrialanderror.

2.Weshouldhelpourmotherdosomehouseworklikewashingthedishes,doingthelaundryandcookingonadaily(base).

3.IknowtheboycalledBob,whoisbraveandneverbacksfromanything.

Ⅱ.单元语法专练题型(一)1.Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—alwaysfacedifficultiesbravelyandhopeforthebest.

2.ThequestioniswilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.

3.—Ihaveaheadache.—Itisyouhaveslepttoomuchthesedays.

4.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicishumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainsparedwithotheranimals.

5.WhatIwasuncertainaboutwaswecouldoverethedifficultiesallbyourselves.

6.Iamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichisheneverfinishesanything.

题型(二)用适当的连接词补全短文Ireadareportlastnight.Thecontentwas1.alotofpeoplediedinatrafficaccidentlastSunday.Whatastonishedmemostis2.somebabieslosttheirlives.That’s3.Iwanttoremindyouof.Ithinktheimportantthingis4.thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestodealwithitand5.wecanhelpthem.Mysuggestionis6.weshouldobeythetrafficrules.That’s7.weshouldberesponsibleforourselvesaswellasothers.

题型(三)将下面短文中带有下划线的句子改写为含有表语从句的主从复合句,并保持句意不变ArethereanypatientsaroundyouwithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默病)?(1)Accordingtoanewstudy,engaginginnegativethinkingpatternsforalongtimemayraisetheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.

Inthestudyofpeopleagedover55,researchersfoundthat“repetitivenegativethinking(RNT)”iscloselylinkedtothedeclineofsubsequentcognitiveabilities(随后的认知能力).(2)Thatistosay,thedeclineofAlzheimer’spatients’cognitiveabilitiesmaybecausedbyRNT.

DrNatalieMarchant,oneoftheleadresearchers,said,“Wefoundthatcertainthinkingpatternsrelatedtodepressionandanxietycouldbethemainreasonwhypeoplewiththosedisordersaremorelikelytodevelopdementia.(3)Tolowerpeople’sriskofdementia,Isuggestwedevelopsomestrategiestohelpthemreducetheirnegativethinkingpatterns.”

(1)

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能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2022辽宁本溪二中期末)In2015,ProfessorWangZhenyi,whospecializesintreatingacutepromyelocyticleukemia(APL)(急性早幼粒细胞白血病),receivedaletterofthanksfromAmerica.ThewriteroftheletterwasMrs.BernadetteGiandomenico,whooncesufferedfromAPLbutwascuredwithall⁃transretinoicacid(ATRA)(全反式维甲酸),atreatmentdevelopedbyWangandhismedicalteam.WorkingatRuijinHospital,Wanghasbeendevotinghislifetothetreatmentofleukemia.Hereceivedthecountry’shighesthonorinscienceandtechnologyin2010.Bornin1924inShanghai,Wangwasinspiredbyafamilyfriend’sexperienceofpursuingacareerinmedicineasachild.Hisgrandmother’sdeathcausedbytyphoidfurtherstrengthenedhisresolvetofightagainstdiseasesandrescuepatients.Withoutstandingacademicperformance,WangbecameadoctoratGuangciHospital,today’sRuijinHospital.In1978,aresearchpaperfromIsraeliexpertsgaveWanginspirationtostudyhowleukemiacellscouldbeenormal.Nonetheless,hisresearchdidn’tprogressasexpected.In1983,anotherresearchpapershedlightonhisstudy.Asthepapersuggested,afterbeingtreatedwith13⁃cis⁃RetinoicAcid,whitebloodcellsinpatientswithAPLcouldbeenormal.Consideringthedifficultiesandhighcostofproducingadrugmadefrom13⁃cis⁃RetinoicAcid,Wang’steamdecidedtoreplacethatingredientwithATRA,andtheyfinallyverifieditspositiveeffectafterseveralmonths’experiments.In1986,thedrugwasfirstadoptedintreatingafive⁃year⁃oldpatient.Itturnedouttobesuccessful.Aftereightyearsofresearch,Wang’steameventuallymadethefirstbreakthroughinthebattleagainstAPL.TomakesureeveryAPLpatientcouldaffordthemedicine,Wanghasnotpatentedhisresearchresulttodate.“Onecannotbearealdoctorifonedoesnothaveexpertiseinmedicine,”Wangsaidinaninterview.“However,withoutakindheart,askilleddoctormaycauseharmtopatients.”Havingworkedinthefieldofhematopathology(血液病理学)forover70years,Wanghasbeenwellrecognizedforhisremarkablecontributiontosavinglives.1.WhydidMrs.GiandomenicowritealettertoProfessorWang?A.Toaskformedicalsuggestions. B.ToshareherbattleagainstAPL.C.Toexpressherappreciation. D.Toupdateinformationabouthertreatment.2.WhatincreasedWang’sdeterminationtobeeadoctor?A.Hisgrandmother’sdeath. B.Hisgreatacademicachievement.C.Theinspirationfromforeignexperts. D.Theexperienceofafamilyfriend.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verified”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Denied. B.Assessed. C.Predicted. D.Confirmed.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheapplicationofATRA B.AdoctorwiththehumantouchC.TheChinesecureforAPLpatients D.AlifesaverwithremarkablehonorⅡ.七选五(2023北京海淀区月考)Inscience,advancesareadailyoccurrence,buttruebreakthroughsarerare.Whatdoesittaketoachieveworld⁃changingscientificbreakthroughs?Somearetheresultofaluckyaccident,binedwithcuriosity.Scientiststravelingdownoneroadsuddenlyfindreasontoswitchtoanotherroad,onetheyhaveneverplannedtotravel—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.1Oneday,usuallyinitiallyintheircareer,theygetanideatheycan’tstopthinkingabout.It’scrazy,theysaytothemselves,butisitreallyimpossible?Theytalktorespectedcolleagueswhooftenremindthemofallthereasonsthattheirideasmightnotwork,andhowdamagingthiscouldbetotheircareer.Yet,theideawon’tdieandtheyaredeterminedtotravelthatroad—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.2

Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthroughstravel,theyoftenenduredisinterest,likeFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin(青霉素)duetoluckyaccidentsandcuriosity,orrepeatedskepticismandrejection,likeKarikó,whomadeallmRNAvaccinespossiblewithyearsofpersistenceandresilience.Bybringingtheirdreamstolife,theywererewardedwithfame,wealthandsomethingevenmorevaluable.3

Ofcourse,theobsession(痴迷)withanunlikelydreamfailstopayoffformanyscien