讲好中国故事材料汇编 讲义 2024届高考英语一轮复习

讲好中国故事

1.AchievementinScienceandTechnology科技成就篇

TCM中医中药

Status地位：TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)iswidelyusedinChinaandisbecoming

increasinglypopularandrecognizedworldwide.

Contents内容：ThefourdiagnosticmethodsofTCMconsistofobserving,listeningandsmelling,

inquiringandpulsetaking.

Cross-culturecomparison中西文化对比：ThemajordifferencebetweenTraditionalChinese

MedicineandWesternMedicineisthattheformertreatsanillnessorsicknessasacomponentof

theentirebody*ssystem,whilethelattertreatsitasasingleisolatedcomponent.

Significance意义：AsanindispensablepartofChineseculture,TCMhasmadegreat

contributionstothestabilityandprosperityofChinaandtheworld,whichhasbeendemonstrated

intheCovid-19pandemic.

Compass指南针

Whatiscompass:Acompass,ZhiNanZhen,indicatesnorthandsouth.

Origin:ItwasinventedbyChinese2,000yearsago.TheancientZhiNanZhenlookedlikea

spoon.Whenthespoonwasplacedonaplate,itshandlecouldpointtothesouthusingmagnetic

fields.ThenChineseusedaneedletoreplacethespoon.Thismadeiteasytocan*y.

600yearsago,ZhengHe,thegreatestChinesenavigator,evenreachedtheRedSeawiththehelp

oftheZhiNanZhen.Theinventionboostedthedevelopmentofnavigation.

TheHigh-SpeedTraininChina高铁

Status地位：WhenChinesepeopletakeatriptoothercities,thebestchoiceoftheirtransportation

istotakethehigh-speedtrain.

Characteristics特点：Now,thehigh-speedtraininChinaisreallyfast,reliable,convenientand

comfortable.

Significance意义：Thehigh-speedtrainischangingthetravellingandlivinghabitsofChinese

people,whobenefitalotfromit.Thehigh-speedtrainstronglyguaranteesChina'seconomic

take-offandtheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandard.

2.SpecificSpots&HistoricalSites名胜古迹

theGreatWallofChina长城

Status:AsasymbolofancientChinesecivilization,theGreatWallofChinaisoneoftheworld*s

oldestandmostmagnificentman-madescenes.

Origin:TheGreatWall,originallybuilttoresisttheinvasionfromtheNorth,nowhasbecomea

well-knownplaceofinterest,attractingtouristsfromallovertheworld.

TheSilkRoad丝绸之路

Status:TheSilkRoadisnotonlyavitalancienttraderoute,butalsoabridgelinkingthecultures

ofChinaandtheWest.

Significance:ItwasthroughtheSilkRoadthatpapermaking,gunpowder,compassandprinting,

thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina,wereintroducedaroundtheworld.Similarly,Chinese

silk,teaandporcelainwerespreadallovertheworld.

Throughoutthethousandsofyears,theinteractionalongthisroutehasshapedtheSilkRoadspirit,

whichisembodiedinsolidarityandmutualtrust,equalityandmutualbenefit,inclusiveness,a

dispositiontolearnfromeachother,andcooperationinfindingwin-winsolutions.

TheterracottaArmy兵马俑

Contentandorigin:TheterracottaArmyinXin'an,alsoknownastheTerracottaWarriorsand

Horses,isasuperlargecollectionoflife-sizedterracottasculpturesinbattleformations,

reproducingthebigimperialguardtroopsofEmperorQinShiHuang,thefirstemperorofthefirst

unifieddynastyofImperialChina.

Status:Beingthemostsignificantarchaeologicalexcavationsofthe20thcenturyandaUNESCO

WorldHeritageSite,theTerracottaArmyisnodoubtamust-seeforeveryvisitortoXi'an.

3.成语故事篇

成语

DeHnition定义：ChinesesetphrasesareatypeoftraditionalChineseidiomaticexpression,most

ofwhichconsistoffourcharacters.

Origin起源：Chinesesetphrasesarespecialfixedphrases,originallyfromancientclassics,

historicalstoriesandpeople'sverbalstories.

Learningmethod学习方法：WhenlearningChinesesetphrases,wealsoneedtostudythe

contextfromwhichtheywerebom.

SleepingonBrushwoodandTastingGall卧薪尝胆

Story:GouJian,thekingofYue,wasdefeatedbyHeLv,theKingofWu.Inordertomake

himselftougherandrememberhissufferingattheWuState,hesleptonbrushwoodandtasteda

gallbeforehavingdinnerandgoingtobed.Atthesametime,heconcentratedonadministeringhis

state.Afterafewyears,hiscountrybecamestrongandin473BC,hedefeatedWuState

completely.

Significancefortoday:Nowadays,peopleusetheidiom“SleepingonBrushwoodandTasting

Gair,todescribeonewhoenduresself-imposedhardshipsinordertorealizeone'sambition.

PullingUptheSeedlingstoHelpThemGrow携苗助长

Story:Anelderlyfarmer,whowassoanxiousforharvest,lifteduptheyoungcropsbyhalfan

inchtomakethemgrowtaller,onlytoseealltheseedlingswitheredanddeadandtheyear's

harvestcompletelyruined.

Culturecomparison:InEnglish,thereisalsoanidiom“Morehaste,lessspeed,,or“Hastemakes

waste“withsimilarmeaning.

Significancefortoday:Nowadays,peopleusuallyusetheidiomtodescribethebehaviorof

impatientpeoplewhoaredyingtoachievesuccessonlytomakeitworse.Itremindsusthatwe

shouldfollowthelawofnatureandbepatient;otherwiseitwillleadtotheoppositeresult.

4.FolkTales民间故事

Xuanzang9sJourneytotheWest玄奘西行

Story:Xuanzang,alsocalledTangSeng,wasamonkinTangDynasty（618AD-907AD）,who,

havingovercomecountlesschallenges,managedtotraveltoTianzhu（nowIndia）,learned

BuddhismandreturnedtoTangwithpreciousBuddhistsutras（佛经）.

Achievement:GreatTangRecordsontheWesternRegions（《大唐西域i己》）writtenbyXuanzang,

recordsthesceneriesandcustomsalonghistravelandprovidesuswithinvaluableinformationon

thehistoryoftheWesternRegion,CentralAsia,PakistanandIndia.

Influence:InspiredbythestoryofXuanzang,WuCheng'cn,anovelistoftheMingdynasty,

wroteJourneytotheWest,whichhasbecomeanexcellentlongfairynovel.

Status:XuanzangwasactuallyanancientChinesehistoricalfigurewhopossessedahigh

reputationinworldhistoryandinternationalexchanges.

5.traditionalArts&Crafts传统艺术

ChineseCalligraphy中国书法

Content:Chinesecalligraphyreferstowritingartandtechniqueswithwritingbrushes.Writing

brushes,Chineseinks,ricepaperandinkslabsarethebasictoolsofcalligraphy.Thestructureof

eachindividualcharacterandoverallarrangementarebothimportant.Calligraphershavecreated

plentyofmasterpieceswhichhavebeenpassedfromgenerationtogeneration.

Story:1,600yearsago,aboynamedWangXizhiworkedhardatcalligraphy.Hewashedhis

writingbrushesinapoolandthepoolturnedblack.Eventually,hebecameaprominent

calligrapherinChina.

Statusandsignificanceoftoday:ChineseCalligraphyrepresentstheaesthetictasteand

philosophyofChinesescholars.

Chinesekite中国风筝

Originanddevelopment起源和发展：Legendssayageneralmadekitestosendimportant

messagestohistroops.

Cross-culturecomparison中西文化对比：LongbeforeBenjaminFranklinpopularizedthekite

testingforunderstandingthenatureofelectricity,theChinesehadalreadybeenusingkitesbeyond

pleasurablepurposes.

Material材质Classickitesusebamboo,rattan藤条orsomeotherstrong,butflexiblewoodtor

thespars骨架，paperorlightfabrics布suchassilkforthesails,andareflownonstringortwine

（多股绳）.

Shape形状：Kitesoftenresemblebirds.

Artisticvalue艺术价值：Peopleoftenmakeexquisitedecorationsonkites.Kiteshavebecome

realworksofart.Theyseemlikebeautifulpaintingsflyinginthebluesky.

Couplets对联

Status:DuilianiswidelyusedinChinaforvariousoccasions.ThereareSpringFestivalcouplets,

birthdaycouplets,weddingcouplets,scenicspotscoupletsandsoon.

Content:Coupletsarewrittenonverticalscrolls,orapairofscrollscontainingapoeticcouplet.

Hengpiisahorizontalscroll.Itisputbetweenthetwolinesandabovethem.Theorderofthe

charactersofHengpiisfromrighttoleft.ThecontentofHengpihasacloserelationshipwiththe

couplet.Ilisinfactthetitleorthethemeofthecouplet.

Artisticvalue艺术价值Traditionalcoupletsarewrittenwithinkandbrush,anditrequires

excellentcalligraphyskills.Theessenceofthecoupletsisdemonstratedbythegoodmeaningand

stylishcalligraphywork.

6.Traditionalfestivals传统节日

TheSpringFestival

Story：ThewordNian(年),whichinmodernChinesemeans"year”,wasoriginallythenameofa

monsterbeastthatstartedtoeatpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.Theterm

“GuoNian”,whichmaymean“SurvivetheNian"，meanstoday"Celebratethe(new)yearasthe

word"guo"inChinesemeans"pass-over"or"observe”.Thecustomofputtingupredpaperand

settingofffire-crackerstoscareawayNiancontinuestoday.

Customs:Throughthousandsofyears5development,customsarespreadingfarandwide.

SweepingtheDustiswidelyacceptedasNewYearcleaning,andthereareotherinterestingrituals

suchaswaitingfortheNewYear,takingafamilyreunionfeast,watchingtheCCTVNewYear's

Gala,settingofffirecrackersandpayingaNewYear'sVisit.

LanternFestival元宵节

Time:UsuallyfallinginFebruaryorearlyMarchinthesolarcalendar,itmarksthefinaldayof

thetraditionalChineseNewYearcelebration.

Customs:Withahistoryofover2,000years,varioustraditionalcustomsandactivitiesareheld

duringtheLanternFestivalthatappealtopeopleofdifferentages,includingwatchinglanternsand

fireworks,guessinglanternriddles,performingfolkdances,andeatingYuanxiao,whichisalso

calledTangyuan.

Lanterns:Whenthefestivalcomes,redlanternscanbeseeninthestreet,ineachhouseandstore.

Intheparks,lanternsofvariousshapesandtypesattractcountlessvisitors.

GuessingLanternriddles:ItisanessentialpartoftheLanternFestival.Peoplewriteallkindsof

riddlesonpiecesofpaper,andpastethemoncolorfullanternstoletvisitorsguess.Thosewhoget

theanswerwillbepresentedwithgifts.

LionDanceLiondanceisanexcellenttraditionalartthataddsmuchfuntoanycelebration

includingtheLanternFestival.Twopersonsactlikeabiglion.Onemanagestheheadpartandthe

other,therest.Undertheguidanceofadirector,thelionssometimesjump,leap,anddodifficult

actssuchaswalkingonpoles.Accordingtoancientcustom,thelionisasymbolofbraveryand

strengththatcanprotectpeople,sobyperformingtheliondance,everyonepraysforaluckyand

happylife.

DragonDance:Thedanceisperformedbyateamofexperienceddancerswhomanipulatealong

flexiblefigureofadragonusingpolespositionedatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthe

dragon.ChinesedragonsareasymbolofChina'sculture,andtheyarebelievedtobringgoodluck

topeople.Thedragonsarebelievedtopossessqualitiesthatincludegreatpower,dignity,fertility,

wisdom,andfortune.

Specialfood:Tangyuan(sweetdumplingsmadewithglutinousriceflour)inChinesehasa

similarpronunciationwith“tuanyuan”,meaningreunion.SopeopleeatTangyuantorepresent

reunion,harmonyandhappinessforthefamily.

7.中国美食ChineseCuisine

Chinesefoodiswidelyknownforitsvarietyandabundancewithabout8,000renownedancient

andmodemdishes,600typesofingredientsandover48basicwaysofcooking.

ChinesefoodisanimportantpartofChinesecultureanditincludescuisinesoriginatingfromthe

diverseregionsofChina.

Guangdongcuisineislight,refreshingandisgreatlyabundantinvegetables.Itscongee粥and

dimsumreceiveawarmwelcomefromboththepublicandgastronomists(美食家).

Chinesepeopleattachparticularimportancetoatriple-principleoftheirfood,namely,color,

aromaandtaste.

Itsbasiccookingtechniquesincluderoasting,stir-frying,deep-frying,braising,stewingand

steaming.Amongthem,steamingandstir-fryingaremorecommonlyappliedtopreservethe

naturalflavor.Guangdongchefsalsopaymuchattentiontotheartisticpresentationofdishes.

Tablemanners

Chinesepeoplehavedevelopedexquisitecuisinesandregardfoodasanimportantpartindaily

life.TheimportanceoffoodhasevenimpactedaspectsoftheChineselanguage.Forexample,

peopledonotgreeteachotherwith“Howareyou"butinsteadtheyask,“Haveyoueaten?”

TheuseofchopsticksisamustintheChinesecuisine.Itwouldberegardedasbeingimpoliteif

thechopsticksarenotusedcorrectly.

Usually,thebowlofriceisheldwiththelefthandandbroughtclosetothemouthwhilethericeis

liftedintothemouthwiththechopsticks,heldintherighthand.Whilewaitingforthenextcourse,

oneshouldplacethechopsticksneatlyonthechopstickrestandavoidcrossingthemorputting

themonthericebowl.Also,oneshouldneitherpointwithhischopsticksnorstickhischopsticks

uprightintohisricebowl,whichisconsidereddisrespectful.

Itisbettertoleavethebestplaceonthediningtablefortheelders.Ifagroupofpeoplearehaving

meal,thehighlyregardedmembersaregiventheplaceattheheadofthetablewhiletheresttake

theirseatsaccordingly.

LazySusan餐桌转盘

Itisaroundrotatingdiscinthecenterofthediningtable.TheideabehindtheLazySusanisto

ensurethatalltheparticipantshaveequalextentofaccessibilitytotheserveddishes.Thebasic

purposeoftheLazySusanistomakeeverybodyrealizethateachoneishonored.Thisisoneof

thesignsofhospitalityandequality.

Teaculture

Content：TheChineseteaculturereferstothemethodsofpreparationoftea,theequipmentused

tomaketeaandtheoccasionswhenteaisconsumed.

Status：ManyChinesefamiliesdrinkteaafterdinnerorwhenreceivingvisitors.Thisnotonlyis

ahealthyhabit,butalsoreflectsrichcultureandhistory.Chinesepeoplecanchatwithafriendfor

awholeafternoonoveragoodpotoftea.

WhiteSlicedChicken白切鸡

Chickenboiledinplainwaterwithoutseasoningcanbestpreservetheoriginaltaste.Peoplein

Guangdonghaveasaying“nochicken,nofeast,\mainlyreferringtotheWhiteSlicedChicken.

Zongzi粽子isapyramid-shapeddumplingmadeofglutinousriceandwrappedinbambooor

reedleavestogiveitaspecialflavor.

Dumplings饺子Intoday'sChina,manybelieveeatingdumplingswillbringfortune,becausethe

foodresembles“yuanbao”,aboat-shapedgoldingotthatwasusedascunencyinthepast.

TangHulu糖葫芦Tanghulu,crystallinesugar-coatedhaws,isadeliciousandwholesome

traditionalsnackcommonlyseeninstoresandonstreets.Peopleputhawsonastickanddipped

theminhotsugarsyrup.Thesyrupturnedintoasolidcoating,likecrystalsonthehaws'surface.

Thehawsaretart酸的andthecrystalsugarissweet.Thespecialtasteoftenremindsusofour

happychildhoods.

8.人物故事篇FamousPeopleinAncientTimes

ZhengHe郑和

Who:ZhengHewasthemostoutstandingnavigatorinChinesehistory,whosetalentwasfully

showninallthegreatworkhedidinhislife.

Achievements:ZhengHeledsevenlargefleetstothewesternareas,passingthroughSoutheast

AsiaandtheIndianOcean,reachingasfarastheredseaandtheeastcoastofAfrica,andcovering

morethan30countriesandregionsinAsiaandAfrica.Hismaritimevoyageswereunprecedented

inthehistoryofhumancivilizationforitsscale,rangeandnavigationalachievements.The

expeditionshelpedgrowthandexpansionofeast-westtrade.

ZhangQian'sMissiontotheWesternRegions张骞出使西域

Who:ZhangQianwasthefirstofficialdiplomat夕卜交官tobringbackreliableinformationabout

CentralAsia.HeplayedakeyroleinopeningChinatotheworldofcommercialtradesincehis

travelswerecloselyassociatedwiththeSilkRoad.

Achievements:Hedevotedallhislifetotheestablishmentanddevelopmentofthefriendly

relationsbetweenChinaandthecountriesintheWesternRegions.Thefrequenteconomicand

culturalexchangesbetweentheEastandtheWestpromotedthedevelopmentofsocietiesinthe

regionandthespreadofcivilizationsalongthiseast-westcorridor.Historywillrememberthis

braveexploreranddiplomatforever.

CaoXueqinandADreamoftheRedMansion曹雪芹与《红楼梦》

AsoneofthegreatestwritersinChina,CaoXueqinisfamousforhiswork,ADreamoftheRed

Mansion,whichisoneofChina'sFourGreatClassicalNovelsandislongconsidereda

masterpieceofChineseliterature,involvingallkindsofknowledge,allkindsofvividcharacters

andofcoursehistalentandlanguage.

SuShi苏轼andCiPoetry

SuShi,alsoknownasSuDongpo,wasanamazinglytalentedindividualinChina'sSongdynasty.

Hewasanoutstandingwriter,poet,painter,calligrapherandstatesman.

SuDongpowasexpertintheshi,ci,andfuformsofpoetry,aswellasprose,calligraphyand

painting.Someofhisremarkableworksinclude,t€TothetuneofCharmoftheMaidenSinger:The

RedCliff（《念奴娇赤壁怀古》）andtfcTothetuneofWaterMelody:theMid-AutumnFestival,，,

（《水调歌头明月几时有》）.

SuShifoundedthePowerfulandFreeSchool（豪放派）.Inbothhiswrittenworksandhis

paintings,hecombineddescriptionsofnaturalphenomena,raisingthecultur