能源之星计划与商业大厦的能源效率

IntroductiontoCommercialBuildingEnergyEfficiencythroughEPA’sENERGYSTARprogramWeek4:BenchmarkingBuildingsandPrioritizingImprovementswithinaPortfolioofBuildingsOutlineClassObjectivesENERGYSTARforCommercialBuildings—BenchmarkingBuildingsandPrioritizingImprovementswithinaPortfolioofBuildingsENERGYSTAREnergyManagementToolsBenchmarkingwithPortfolioManagerLiveDemonstrationBenchmarkingaPortfolioofBuildingsBuildingUpgradeManualGettingStartedonYourCommercialProjectBuildingClassObjectivesAftertoday’slecture,youwillbeableto:BenchmarktheenergyuseofabuildingusingmonthlyenergybillsandotherrequiredbuildingdataAnalyzeandexplainthebenchmarkingresultstoothersintheclass(andpossiblythebuildingowner/manager)usingdatafromPortfolioManagerGenerateaStatementofEnergyPerformanceandaDataChecklistfromPortfolioManagerforabuildingandreviewthedatatoconfirmitsaccuracyExplainhowtoidentifypriorityprojectswithaportfolioofbuildingsENERGYSTAREnergyManagementToolsENERGYSTARResources/buildingsGuidelinesforEnergyManagementSTEP1:CommittoContinuousImprovementSTEP2:AssessPerformanceSTEP3:SetGoalsSTEP4:CreateActionPlanSTEP5:ImplementActionPlanSTEP6:EvaluateProgressSTEP7:RecognizeAchievementsENERGYSTARResourcesBuildingUpgradeManual

Planandimplementprofitableenergysavingbuildingupgradesutilizingfivestages:RetrocommissioningLightingupgradeLoadreductionsAirdistributionsystemsupgradeHVACupgradeCashFlowOpportunity(CFO)Calculator

Helpsanswerthreecriticalquestionsaboutefficiencyprojects:Howmuchnewenergyefficiencyequipmentcanbepurchasedfromtheanticipatedsavings?Shouldthisequipmentpurchasebefinancednoworisitbettertowaitandusecashfromafuturebudget?Ismoneybeinglostbywaitingforalowerinterestrate?

BenchmarkingwithPortfolioManagerBenchmarkingBenchmarkingthroughENERGYSTARallowsyouto:CompareonebuildingagainstanationalsampleofsimilarbuildingsCompareallofyourbuildingsofasimilartypetoeachotherSetprioritiesforuseoflimitedstafftimeand/orinvestmentcapitalPortfolioManagerBenchmarktheenergyuseofallbuildings–receiveanenergyuseintensity(EUI).Manybuildings,includingofficebuildingscanreceiveenergyperformanceratingsona1-100scale.Trackchangesinenergyandwateruseovertimeinsinglebuildings,groupsofbuildings,orentireportfolios.TrackandreportcostsavingsandCO2emissions.ApplyfortheENERGYSTAR./benchmarkBenchmarkingMedicalOfficesOfficeBuildingsHospitalsWarehousesDormitoriesSupermarketsCourthousesK-12SchoolsBank/FinancialInstitutionsHotelsWastewaterTreatmentPlantsRetailStoresENERGYSTARScoreEligibleBuildingTypesHousesofWorshipDataCentersExamplesofNon-RatableSpaceTypesPoliceStationsFireStationsAssistedLivingFacilitiesConventionCentersLaboratoriesLibrariesMallsMovieTheatresRestaurantsStadiumsandArenasPortfolioManager

FourSimpleSteps1.Create/editaPortfolioManageraccount2.Add/editaproperty3.Add/editaspace4.Add/editenergymetersRequiredInformationforBenchmarkinginPortfolioManagerBuildingIdentifiersName,streetaddress,zipcodeforweathernormalizationSpaceTypeData(officeexample)Squarefootage,hoursofoperation,Numberofworkersonmainshift,#ofPC’s,Percentofgrossfloorareathatisairconditioned,heatedEnergyUseBldgspecificinvoiceinformationfromallpurchasedenergy.Beginwithatleast11consecutivemonthsforeachsourceandupdatewithmonthlyusagedata.EnergyUse:

HowtoReadaUtilityBillAssessPerformanceforSmartEnergyManagementVerifygainsfromupgradeeffortsRequirespecificratinggainsfromserviceprovidersinselectbuildingtypessuchasofficeorwarehouseIdentifyBestOpportunitiesforEnergyEfficiencyImprovements

Identifyunder-performingbuildingstotargetforenergyefficiencyimprovementsEstablishbaselinestosetgoalsandmeasureprogressTrackProgressOverTime

Setacustombaselineandmonitorenergyefficiencyimprovementsbefore,during,andafteranupgradeprojectViewpercentimprovementinweather-normalizedenergyuseintensityTrackreductionsingreenhousegasemissionsMonitorenergyandwatercostsDocumentSavingsResults

ProvidetransparencyandaccountabilitytohelpdemonstratestrategicuseofcapitalimprovementfundingQuicklyandaccuratelydemonstratesavingsforanindividualbuildingorentireportfolio:EnergyuseGHGemissionsWateruseEnergycostsDownloadperformancemetricsfromPortfolioManagerintoExcelGenerateaStatementofEnergyPerformance(SEP)foreachbuilding,summarizingimportantperformanceindicators,includingenergyintensityandCO2emissionsGenerateanEnergyPerformanceReportshowingreductionsinkeyindicatorsoverauser-specifiedtimeperiodVisit

/benchmark

togetstartedLiveDemonstrationBenchmarkingaSampleCommercialBuildingusingPortfolioManager/benchmark/LiveDemoAccessPortfolioManagerWebPageClickBUILDINGS&PLANTSontheENERGYSTARhomepage.ClickthePortfolioManagerlinktologinorcreateanewaccountClickPortfolioManagertoreadmoreabouttheratingsystem.(2)(3)(1)CreatinganAccountCreatinganAccountAddingaPropertyAddingaPropertyAdd/EditaSpaceAddingaSpaceAddingaSpaceAddingaSpaceAddingEnergyMetersEnteringEnergyUseExampleStatementofEnergyPerformanceObjective:TheSEPcanbegeneratedforpurposesotherthanapplyingfortheENERGYSTARLEED-EBcertificationprocessRealestatetransactionsMaintainingaFacilitySummaryReportProcess:UserselectstimeperiodofperformanceToolgeneratessummarywithenergyuse,cost,andemissionsfiguresGeneratinganSEPGeneratinganSEPGeneratinganSEPGeneratinganSEPBuildingInformationEnergyPerformanceVerificationofIndoorAirQualityBenchmarkingaPortfolioofBuildings(1)ClicktheImportFacilityDatalink,andonthenextscreen,rightclickonthedesiredtemplatelink.Select“SaveTargetAs,”andfollowtheinstructions.DownloadingImportTemplates(1)BesuretopopulatetheUser,Facilities,PrimarySpace,andEnergyUsetabswiththerequireddata.Additionaltabsareincludedforinstructionsandsecondaryspacetypes(ifany).NOTE:Thefollowingisanexampleofhowtousetheimporttemplate.Whilethisexampleshowsyouhowtoimportdataforanofficespace(generalorcourthouse)intothePortfolioManager,theprocessissimilarforotherspacetypes.UsetheFacilities,Space,EnergyUse,andWaterUsetabstofillintherequireddata.Foradditionalspacetypes,fillinfieldsforParkingSpace,

DataCenterSpace,andSwimmingPool(ifavailable).IntheUsertab,enteryourloginname,indicateusercontactinformation,andrespondtooptionalquestionsforEPAtrackingpurposes.ReadtheInstructionsandImportTipstabsforinformationontheimportprocessanddatarequirements.ImportTemplateOverviewToimportthedataintoPortfolioManager,e-mailthecompletedtemplatetobuildings@Populatedatafieldswithbasicfacilityinformation(Facilitiestab)SpaceUseinformation(OfficeSpacetab)

PopulatingandImportingDatafromImportTemplateEnergy

UsedataneededinPortfolioManager(EnergyUsetab)PopulatingandImportingDatafromImportTemplateHowtoAccessPortfolioManagerSingleBuildingManualEntryEnterbuildingandenergyconsumptioninformationintoPortfolioManager.BulkDataUploadUploadlargesetsofbuildingdatainPortfolioManagerusinganExceltemplate.AutomatedBenchmarkingServicesUseServiceandProductProvidertohavetheratingautomaticallyintegratedintoyourenergyinformationandbillhandlingsystemUtility-basedAutomatedBenchmarkingOption1:ProvideutilitydataOption2:ProvideautomatedbenchmarkingservicesENERGYPERFORMANCERATINGFacilitiesinthisrangemayreapsignificantsavingsfromconcentrationonsimple,low-costmeasures,suchasimprovedoperationsandmaintenancepractices.Equipmentupgradescouldyieldadditionalsavings.MAINTAININVESTThesetopperformingfacilitiesofferexamplesofbestpracticesaswellasopportunitiestogainrecognition.Continuetoimproveandmaintainsuperiorperformancebyfocusingonoperationsandmaintenance.Facilitiesinthisrangeofferthegreatestopportunityforfinancialandenvironmentalimprovement.Investinginnewequipmentandenhancingoperationalpracticesmayhavethegreatestimpactonyourbottomline.10075501ADJUSTOnceanenergyperformancebaselineratingisestablished,thenextstepsaretosetimprovementgoalsandcreateanactionplan.Theguidebelowcanhelpyouinterprettheratingsanddetermineappropriatenextsteps.RatingInterpretationBuildingUpgradeManualBuildingUpgradeManualAssistsorganizationsinplanningandimplementingprofitableupgradesOutlinesprocessfordevelopingcomprehensiveenergy-managementstrategyandintegratedapproachtoupgradingexistingbuildingsContentsManagingandPlanningUpgradeProjectsChapter1:IntroductionChapter2:BenchmarkingChapter3:InvestmentAnalysisChapter4:Financing5-StagedApproachtoUpgradeProjectsChapter5:RetrocommissioningChapter6:LightingChapter7:SupplementalLoadsChapter8:AirDistributionSystemsChapter9:HeatingandCoolingUniqueFacilityTypesChapter10:K-12SchoolsChapter11:SupermarketsandGroceryStoresChapter12:HotelsandMotelsChapter13:RetailStoresManagingUpgradeProjectStrategiesthatcontributetothesuccessofanymajorbusinessundertakingshouldbeappliedtobuildingupgradesBenchmarking(PortfolioManager)InvestmentAnalysisFinancingBuildingUpgradeManualIncludesafive-stageapproachthatincreasesfinancialandenvironmentalbenefitsrealizedRetrocommissioningLightingUpgradeSupplementalLoadReductionsAirDistributionSystemsUpgradeHVACUpgradeBuildingUpgradeManualRetrocommissioning

CalibratebuildingcontrolsAdjustoperatingschedulesChecksteamtrapsCleanheatexchangertubesincondenser,evaporator,andboilerCheckfilters,dampers,coils,andbalanceofHVACsystemLightingMaximizingdaylightQuantityandqualityofilluminationT8sandelectronicballastsCFLsPartialoutputballastsENERGYSTARqualifiedlightemittingdiode(LED)exitsignsExteriorlightingHigh-pressuresodium(HPS)Low-pressuresodium(LPS)Metalhalide(MH)ControlsOccupancysensorsDimmingDaylightdimming/switchingHigh-intensitydischarge(HID)

bi-levelswitchingCourtesy:ESOURCELightingTechnologyAtlas(2005)SupplementalLoadReductionsCourtesy:ESOURCE;adoptedfromEPAEnvelopeimprovementsWallandroofInsulationWindowupgradesInfiltrationcontrolRoofupgradesPurchaseENERGYSTARqualifiedproductsAirDistributionSystemsRight-sizefansystemUsevariable-speeddrivesConsiderimprovedcontrolsUseenergy-efficientmotorsandbeltsMaintainandcleanfiltersproperlyHeatingAndCooling(H&C)UpgradesMeasureH&CloadsRightsizeH&CsystemsEvaluatechillerupgrades/replacementsUsehigh-efficiencycomponentsPurchaseENERGYSTARqualifiedACs,ground-sourceclosed-loopheatpumpsCourtesy:ESOURCE;AdoptedfromEPAGettingStartedonYourCommercialProjectBuildingAnimatedPortfolioManagerTrainingPortfolioManagerQuickReferenceGuidePortfolioManagerDataCollectionSheetBenchmarkingStarterKitAnimatedPortfolioManagerTraining/ia/business/benchmarking_training/benchmarking.htmlStudentProjectOverviewStudentProjectTourabuildingwithaprofessionaltolearn1sthandhowtoidentifyenergyefficiencyopportunities;Identifyandseekpermissiontobenchmarkabuildinginthecommunity;Gatherenergybilldataandbuildingattributesneededtobenchmark;Scheduleavisittothebuildingtowalkthroughthebuildingtoconfirmbuildingattributesvisuallyandgainathoroughunderstandingabouthowthebuildingisoperating;Discussfindingsinclassandbrainstormsolutionstocost-effectivelyincreaseenergyefficiency;Researchandrefineenergyefficiencyopportunities;Writeabriefreportusingthebenchmarkingresults,informationlearnedfromvisitingthebuilding,andresearchedsolutions;andPresentthereportedrecommendationstotheclassusingavisualpresentationmediumsuchasaslideorvideopresentation.ReviewReviewQuestionsSetupaPortfolioManageraccount.Usingsampleofficebuildingdata,addanofficebuildingintoyourPortfolioManageraccount.Nameyourdemonstrationbuildingusingyourownlastname(ex.SmithBuilding)Shareyourbuildingwithprofessor'sPortfolioManageraccount(Professor'sPMacctusernameis:[insertusername])GenerateaStatementofEnergyPerformanceandDatachecklist.Handintoyourprofessor.UpNext:Week5DeterminingFinancialValueandFundingMethodsforBuildingEnergyEfficiencyImprovementsMakingtheFinancialCaseInvestmentAnalysisCashFlowOpportunityCalculatorBuildingUpgradeValueCalculator《化妆品术语》起草情况汇报中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所一、标准的立项和下达时间2006年卫生部政法司要求各标委会都要建立自己的术语标准。1ONE二、标准经费标准研制经费：3.8万三、标准的立项意义术语标准有利于行业间技术交流、提高标准一致性、消除贸易误差，作为标准体系中的基础标准，术语标准在各个领域的标准体系中均起着重要的作用。随着我国化妆品卫生标准体系建设逐步加快，所涉及的术语和定义的数量也在迅速增长，在此情形下，化妆品术语标准的制定就显得尤为重要。四、标准的制订原则1.合法性遵守《化妆品卫生监督条例》、《化妆品卫生监督条例实施细则》中关于化妆品的定义。2.协调性直接引用或修改采用的方式，与相关标准中的术语和定义相协调。3.科学性对于没有国标或定义不统一的术语，在定义时体现科学性的原则。4.实用性在标准体系中出现频率较高，与行业联系较紧密的术语优先选用。五、标准的起草经过

第一阶段：资料搜集

搜集国内外相关法规、标准、文献并对国外文献如美国21CFR进行翻译。第二阶段：2007年末形成初稿

初稿内容包括一般术语、卫生化学术语、毒理学术语、微生物术语、产品术语、人体安全和功效评价术语，常用英文成份术语等７部分。第三阶段：专家统稿1.2007年12