英语(教)专业语言与应用语言学试题、答案及评分标准

语言与应用语言学试题期末考试英语(教)专业语言与应用语言学试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。二、仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答题纸指定的位置上?写在试卷上的答案无效。三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。Informationfortheexaminees:ThisexaminationconsistsofFoursections.Theyare:SectionI:ContentAwarenessoftheCourse(30points,20minutes)SectionII:GeneralPrinciplesofLanguageandLinguistics(30points,25minutes)SectionIII:SomeSpecificAspectsofLanguageandLinguistics(20points,35minutes)SectionIV:AnalysisandApplication(20points,40minutes)Thetotalmarksforthisexaminationare100points.

Timeallowedforcompletingthisexaminationis2hours.YoumustwriteallyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.SectionI:ContentAwarenessoftheCourse

30pointsI.Choosethebestanswertocompletethefollowingstatements.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10points,1pointforeachitem)1."Historicallinguistics"seekstoprovidescientificevidence__A.ofthereasonsforhumanspeechB.ofhumanhabitationinAfricaC.whytherearemanyworldlanguagesD.concerningtheoriginsofspeech2.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOThavesomethingtodowiththeproductionofspeechsounds?A.Organicanalysis

B.LinguisticanalysisC.Acousticanalysis

D.Phoneticanalysis3.IndeterminingthesymbolicnatureoflanguagehumansA.examineBrailleandsignsB.examinethemediaandsignsC.examinethelanguageofthemediaD.examinethelanguageitself4.TheaimsofUnit4aretounderstandthatlanguagefunctionsintheworldA.throughtheuseofnamingdevicesandeducationB.bypeopleexperiencingabstractionsineducationC.basedonexperience,abstractionandsymbolismD.throughsymbolicandabstractexperiences5.TheaimofUnit5isforstudentstounderstandthatspeechactsA.needtobedefinedpreciselythroughoralactionsB.needtobeterminatedunderappropriatecircumstancesC.needtobedefined,analysedandcomprehendedD.needtobeanalysedbydefinitionandexample:6.Generallyspeaking,脸and面子is:A.moreimportantforteenagegirlsthanboysB.somethingteenagersdon"tworryaboutC.notthesameforadultsasforteenagersD.thesameforadultsasforteenagers7.Infacetofacetalkpeople"sinteractivebehaviourisbaseduponA.PrinciplesofDesireandDecisionsB.ThePrincipleofMutualDesirabilityC.PrinciplesofDecisionMakingD.ThePrincipleofMutuality8.Ifan9verseasChineseiscalledmonolingualthismeansA.thepersonspeaksprimarilyEnglishbutalsospeaksChineseathomeB.thepersonhashadtochoosebetweenspeakinganotherlanguageorChineseC.thechoiceofspeakingalanguagehasbeenlimitedtooneoftwolanguagesD.thepersonhaschosentospeakChineseinpublicandathome9.Accordingtothecourseourbrainisdividedintotwohemispheres.LanguagefunctionsaremainlylocatedintheA.lefthemisphere

B.lowerhemisphereC.righthemisphere

D.upperhemisphere10.ThestoryofGenieinUnit9seemstohighlightthelanguagehypothesisof~A.EricLenneherg

B.AntonioFrancsC.Jean-Marc-GaspardItar

D.SigmundFreud11.Choosethosewordsorphrasesthatbestcompletethefollowingsentences.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Notethattherearemorewordsorphrasesthannecessary.(20points,2pointsforeachitem)A.syntagmaticB.BrailleC.self-orientedD.languageE.homosapiensF.homohabilisG.cognitiveH.ideographicI.other-orientedJ.paradigmaticK.classificationL.pictographicA.ProfessorGuide(inUnit1)makesthemajorpointthatthepossessionof11~

by12

bascontributedtocivilizedandmeaningfulliving.B.TheBritishmanualalphabetand

13

aremediumsoflanguagerepresentation.C.Chinesewritingis

14

,ratherthan

15D.Whenwenamethingsitinvolvesanactof

16

.Thisactisnotneutralthereforetherearesocialaswellas

17

repercussions.E.Whenaskingthenamesofpeople,Chinesepeopleappeartobemore

18comparedtoBritishpeoplewhoseemtobevery

19F.Whenwordsenterintosequentialrelation,itiscalled

20

relation.SectionII:GeneralPrinciplesofLanguageandLinguistics

30pointsIII.DecideifthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtowhatyou"velearnedfromthecoursebook.(10points,1pointforeachitem)21.Thelinguistictheorycalled"transformational-generativegrammar"focusesontherelationshipbetweenthelanguageandthebrain.22.Thelipsareapartofthevocaltract.23.Signsandiconsare,inreality,thesamething.24.Humansarenotgoodatabstraction.25.Ill0cutionaryactscanbeperformedbothdirectlyandindirectly.26.SomedialectsoraccentsarerelatedtosocialoreconomicstatusinChina.27.TheChinesecharacters1--~-,:~andiareexamplesofwrittennorms.28.Non-verbalsignalsare,generally,easilyinterpreted.29.Statusandregionalidentitycanbelinkedtodialect.30.The"classical"viewoftheterms,~,~,and.1~,~,wasthatbecausetheradical,I~"wasuseditconnectedthehearttotheconceptofthinking.IV.ReadthequestionsinColumnAandchoosetherightonefromColumnBtoanswereachofthem.WritethecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.ThereisONLYoneanswerfor

eachquestion.(20points,2pointsforeachitem)ColumnAColumnB31."Hi!I"mIrene."Whatspeechactisthespeakerperforming?32.InChinese,insteadofsaying"拉屎",weuse"方便一下"or"去一号".Whataretheseexpressionsknownas?33.Theword"rose"isrelatedtothethingitstandsforbythemindthatunderstandsit.

Whatisthenamegiventothisrelationship?34.Whenwordstakeplaceinsequence,whatisthiscalled?35.[A]"Youmustcomeandhavedinnerwithus."[B]"Sorry,I"vegotsomethingtodo."Intheaboveexchange;WhatmaximofEnglishpolitenessdoesthespeakerobserveorviolate?36.Whatnamedowegivetotheprocess--fromanimmediateexperienceofarealthingtonamingitandcategorizingit?37.WhatisthetermusedhyHayakawathatdeniesorignorestheexistenceofanymiddlegroundbetweentwoopposingforces?38."Coo-..coo.."could""you""you""te...tellmethe--,waytothep--.p."-postof{icep."p[""please?":Whattypeofprogrammemightbeabletocorrectthisperson"slanguageproblem?39.(AChinesestudentatabusstopinLondonforthefirsttime--"Doyoumind!Pleasejointhequeueliketherestofus."--"MustI?"Thestudentdidnotknowhehastoqueueforthebus.tiedidnothaveanypriorknowledge.Linguistically,whatisthissortofknowledgecalled?40.AvisitingChinesescholaratNottinghamUniversityintheU.K.

remarked:请我到office来找我。

HisHongKongcolleaguewasoffendedbytheuseoftheword"office"inthesentencebecausehethoughtheshouldhaveuseditsChineseequivalent.Whatisthetechnicaltermusedfortheadhoeuse

ofEnglishwordsinChinesesentences?A.themodestymaximB.thelocutionaryact.C.thegenerositymaximD.euphemismE.bilingualismF.skipant(s)G.speechtherapyH.abstractionI.thetactmaximJ.thecriticalperiodK.semioticrelationsL.schemaM.triadicrelationN.scriptO.syntagmatierelationP.theillocutionaryactQ.parametersettingsR.thetheoryofspeechactS.twovaluedorientationSectionIII:SomeSpecificAspectsofLanguageandLinguistics

20pointsV.Writeshortanswerstothefollowingquestions.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.(20points,5pointsforeachitem)41.Explainthefourlevelsofanalysisofspeechsounds.42.Namefiveofthesixmaximsofpoliteness?43.InwhatwaywaslanguageusedpoliticallyintheGreatCulturalRevolutioninChina(1966--1976)?44.Namethethree(3)variablesinchildlanguageacquisitionandlearning.Nameandbrieflyexplainthetwo(2)majorenvironmentalprocessesoflanguageacquisitionandlearning.SectionIV:AnalysisandApplication

20pointsVI.Providebriefanalysestothequestionsbelowbyusingthelinguisticknowledgeyouhave

learnedinthecourse.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(20points,10pointsforeachitem)45.AnalysethefollowingdialogueaccordingtowhatyouhavelearnedinUnit7about

participantsintalk.TVHost:WilleveryonewelcomeHollywood%favouriteactorTomCruise.

(audience

applause)Tom:Thanks!YoulooksmarterthanevertonightDavid.TVHost:We"vegotasurpriseforyoutonightTom!Welcomealso,Tom"sformerwife,NicoleKidman.Tom:(Looksstartled)[audiencemurmursandchaners]Nicole:WellhelloDavid!(smilesandignoresTom)TVHost:Youlookradiant!Nicole:Tom,youdon"tlooksowell![audiencelaughs]AudienceVoice,LookslikeDavidwonan"Oscar"tonight[laughter]Nicole:Tomcertainlydidn"t!(greatlaughterfromeveryoneexceptTom)TVHost:Nicole!Two"GoldenGlobe"awardsandnowan"Oscar"!Tom,whatareyourplansforthefuture?Tom:Well

......

(cutoffbyNicole)Nieole:Hedidn"ttellmehisplanswhenhewalkedoutonmeandthekids!Whyshouldhetellyou?(moreaudiencelaughter)Tom:Er...er.--46.Whatdothediagramsbelowrepresent?Whatarethemissingelementsinthesediagrams?期末考试英语(教)专业语言与应用语言学试题答案及评分标准(供参考)I.(Questions1--10:10points,1pointforeachitem)1.C

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.C6.D

7.D

8.B

9.A

10.AII.(Questions11--20:20points,2pointsforeachitem)11.D

12.E

13.B

14.H

15.L16.K

17.G

18.I

19.C

20.AIII.(Questions21-30:10points,1pointforeachitem)21.F

22.T

23.F

24.F

25.T26.T

27.F

28.F

29.T

30.TIV.(Questions31-40:20points,2pointsforeachitem)31.P

32.D

33.M

34.O

35.C36.H

37.S

38.G

39.L

40.FV.(Questions41--44:20points,5pointsforeachitem)Note]ThewordingdoesnothavetobeexactlythesamebuttheMEANINGmustbethesame.41.Therearefour(4)levelsofspeechanalysis:[Halfapoint(0.5)foridentifyingeachspeechlevel.Theremainingmarksperitemare~oracorrectexplanationofthetypeofanalysis"l(a)Acousticanalysis:Thestudyofphysicalsounds.(1)(b)Perceptualanalysis:Speechsoundsanalysedintermsoftheeffectonthelistener.(1.5)(c)Organicanalysis:Comparingthespeechorgansofindividualsintermsofvolumeandpower.(1.5)(d)Phoneticanalysis:Howtoopenthemouthtoproduce"sounds.(l)42.ThesixMaximsare:theTactMaxim;theGenerosityMaxim;theApprobationMaxim;theModestyMaxim;theAgreementMaxim;theSympathyMaxim.(Anyfive=5points/1pointpercorrectmaxim--Ifsixmaximsaregivenonly5pointswillbeawarded)43.TheCulturalRevolut.ionwaseffectedthrougha"warofwords"四大.Thisconceptof四大wasimplementedthrough"daming"(大鸣),"dafang"(大放),"dazihao"(大字)and"dabianlun"(大辩论).(5points=1pointforeachcharacterexplanation)44.(a)Therearethreevariablesinchildlanguageacquisitionandlearning:Languageexposureenvironment;Cognitivecapacity;Innateness.(3points--1pointforeachcorrectlynamedvariable)(b)Therearetwokindsofenvironment:thenaturalnativeenvironmentandcreatedenvironment.ThenaturalnativeenvironmentisnotavailabletoChinesestudentsofEnglish.I-lqThereforethecreatedenvironmentofschools,textbooksandotherlearningmediaisthemainwayinwhichtheprocessoflanguageacquisitionandlearningisdevelopedinChina.[1](Total5points--asindicatedaftereachitem)VI.(20points,i0pointsforeachitem)45.Note!Onlythemainpoints(underlined)arerequiredforfullmarks(a)Thisconversationinvolvestheprocessofanalyzingtheflowofinformationinadialogueandunderstandingthecomplexroleofhearer.(1point)(h)ThedialogueopenswiththeTVhost(David)introducinghisguest,TomCruise,tothestudioaudience.Hethenannouncesasurpriseguest,TomCruise’sformerwife,NicoleKidman.Thissituationinvolvesdirecthearersandindirecthearers.(2points)(e)ThedirecthearersincludetheTVhost(coordinator),"romandNieole(addressees),andtheaudience(observinghearers).TheindirecthearersaretheTVviewerswatchingtheshow.(2points)(d)Thisc,,nversationisanexampleofonepersondominatingaconversationbecauseNicole,oncesheisintroduced,doesn"tallowTomtospeakandeffectivelytakescontroloftheproceedings.(2points)(e)Theinteriector(fromtheaudience),whilesupposedtobeonlyanobservinghearer,becomesinterpolatedintotheconversationasadirecthearer.

Thispersonisnotaneavesdropperbecauseeveryoneisawareoftheirparticipationandtheintentionoftheinterjector.(2points)(f)Thepurposeoftheinterjectoristomakepeoplelaug