数词专项讲解及强化训练课件 【知识精讲+备课精研】 高三英语一轮复习

数

词Numeral瑶中

付亚娟I.定义数词是指表示数目多少或顺序多少的词。数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。1,什么是数词？2,数词在句子中可以担任什么成分？执行句子行为或动作的主体，即动作的发出者。主语：宾语：表语：定语：又称授词，即动作的承受者。属于主语补足语，补充说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或句子。用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征。II.分类1.基数词2.序数词数词Eg:one,two,threeEg:first,second,thirdIII.基数词1.基数词是什么？表示数目的词叫基数词。Eg:1one2two3three2.英语中常用的基数词12345onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten6789101112131415eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwenty1617181920212223...twenty-onetwenty-twotwenty-three...thirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventy304050607080901000eightyninetyone(a)hundredzero1011000onehundredandoneone(a)thousandtenthousandOnehundredthousand 10,000100,0001000,0001,000,000,0001,000,000,000,000onemilliononebilliononetrillion小试牛刀一．写出下列基数词29_____________35_____________

11_____________80_____________15_____________19_____________14_____________90_____________15_____________8_____________13_____________0_____________51_____________12_____________100_______________10_____________twenty-ninethirty-fiveeleveneightyfifteennineteenfourteenninetyfifteeneightthirteenzerofifty-onetwelveone(a)hundredten二．用英语填入适当的数字。1.five+seven=______________2.seventy-two÷____________=nine3.five+six=______________4.______________-seven=three5.______________-five=fourteen6.fifty-_________________=five7.ten×ten=__________________8.twenty–two=________________9.zero+eight=________________10.four×nine=_________________thirteeneighteleventennineteenforty-fiveone(a)hundredeighteeneightthirty-six(1)百位与十位之间要加and；十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看,每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。(3)hundred、thousand、million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one,two,„等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成„上„”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等词。如：fivehundred(五百),hundredsof(成百上千的),tenthousand(一万),thousandsof(成千上万的),millionsof(成百万的)3.注意1.序数词是什么？表示顺序的数词叫序数词。Eg:1first2second3thirdIV.序数词2.英语中常用的基数词1st2nd3rd4th5thfirstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninethtenth6th7th8th9th10th11th12th13th14th15theleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentieth16th17th18th19th20th21th22th23th...twenty-firsttwenty-secondtwenty-third...thirtieth...30th...100thhundredth101th1000thonehundredandfirstone(a)thousandthtenthousandthOnehundredthousandth 10,000th100,000th1000,000th1,000,000,000th1,000,000,000,000thonemillionthonebillionthonetrillionth3.英语的序数词基本变法：(1)一般在基数词后加th；

(2)-ve结尾的改为-f,再加th；(3)-ty结尾的改为-tie,再加th；(4)熟记特殊词。Eg:four→fourthEg:five→fifthEg:thirty→thirtiethEg:one→first,two→second,基数词变序数词的用法口诀：基变序，有规律；词尾加上-th。1、2、3特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d。8少t,9去e,ve要用f替，y变成ie。若是遇见几十几，只变个位就可以。(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。4.注意Eg：thirty-sixth,(2)使用序数词时一般加定冠词the.Eg：I'minthethirdgrade.(3)序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。Eg:1/5→onefifth;

2/3→twothirds;

4/7→foursevenths;

1/2→ahalf;

1/4→aquarter;

3/4→threequarters;

50%→fiftyhundredths(fiftypercent).小试牛刀一、写出下列序数词1.one____________2.nine____________3.six____________4.five____________5.ten___________

6.twelve___________7.eight___________8.three____________9.two___________

10.twenty___________11.fifty-five_________________12.twenty-one__________________firstninthninthfifthtenthtwelftheighththirdsecondtwentiethfifty-fifthtwenty-first二、写出下列单词的基数词1.third_______________2.fourth_______________3.tenth_______________4.twentieth_______________5.nineteenth_______________6.thirty-first_______________7.twelfth_______________8.thirty-second_______________9.fifth_______________10.eighth_______________threefourtentwentynineteenthirty-onetwelvethirty-twofiveeight1)表示年份：2)表示日期：3)表示时刻：4)表示编号：V.数词的用法5)小数的读法：6)“半”的表达：7)序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示:再一,又一。：1)表示年份：2)表示日期：3)表示时刻：4)表示编号：Eg:2022→twentythousandandtwenty-twoEg:12月1日→Dec.1st或thefirstofDecemberEg:5:15→fivefifteen或aquarterpastfiveEg:Room105→Roomone0fiveBusNo.13→BusNumberThirteenV.数词的用法5)小数的读法：6)“半”的表达：7)序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示:再一,又一。：Eg:0.16→zeropointonesix.5.7→fivepointsevenEg:1/2→half,半小时→halfanhour,1.5小时→oneandahalfhours或onehourandahalf.DecemberEg:Thethirdlessonisratherdifficult.(第三课相当难)1,Summeris________seasonoftheyear,A.secondB.asecondC.thesecond2.--Whattimeisit?--It's________(7:40)A.twentytoeightB.twentytosevenC.twentypasteight3.Thereare________workersinthiscity.A.sevenhundredandtwentysixB.sevenhundredtwenty-sixC.sevenhundredandtwenty-six4.ChristmasDayison________A.January1stB.December25thC.May5th5.Thursdayis________dayoftheweek.A.thefivethB.fiveC.thefifth牛刀小试CACBB基数词序数词1one1stfirst2two2ndsecond3three3rdthird4four4thfourth5five5thfifth6six6thsixth7seven7thseventh8eight8theighth9nine9thninth10ten10thtenth11eleven11theleventh12twelve12thtwelfth13thirteen13ththirteenth14fourteen14thfourteenth15fifteen15thfifteenth16sixteen16thsixteenth17seventeen17thseventeenth18eighteen18theighteenth19nineteen19thnineteenth20twenty20thtwentieth30thirty30ththirtieth40forty40thfortieth50fifty50thfiftieth60sixty60thsixtieth70seventy70thseventieth80eighty80theightieth90ninety90thninetieth100one(a)hundred100thone(a)hundredth23twenty-three23thtwenty-third35thirty-five35ththirty-fifth101onehundred