中考英语语法专项二代词讲解及习题

中考专题二代词代词（人称代词的主格和宾格形式、物主代词的形容词性和名词性形式、反身代词

myself,himself,ourselves等、指示代词this,that,these,those、不定代词some,any,no等、疑问代词what,who,whose,which等）人称代词: 物主代词:人称物主代词:人称单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryours第三人称hisheritshishersitstheirtheirs通称one's人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hesheithimherittheythem通称oneones人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfherselfitselfthemselves通称oneself反身代词:反身代词:不定代词：常见的有some，any，all，none，both，either，either，each，other，another，much，many，few，little，one等指示代词：this，that，these，those疑问代词：Whowhomwhosewhichwhat谁（主格）谁（宾格）谁的哪个，哪些什么一、考查人称代词的主格和宾格冲考引路］I’mtalkingtoyou,Jack.Pleaselistentocarefully.A.me B.mine C.you D.yoursMyfriendTomcomesfromCanadaandisatallboywithblueeyes.A.he B.his C.she D.it［用法详解］人称代词主格（I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they）作主语，宾格（me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them）作及物动词或介词的宾语。作主语的人称代词若用于无谓语动词的简短应答句子中时，应用宾格来代替主格。二、考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词冲考引路］—Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.—Itdoesn,tmatter.Youcanhave.A.we B.us C.our D.ours一Isthisruler?一No.isoverthere.A.her;HerB.her;HersC.hers;HersD.hers;Her［用法详解］形容词性物主代词具有形容词的功能，在名词之前作定语；名词性物主代词具有名词的功能，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。1）形容词性物主代词：my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their；2）名词性物主代词：mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,their三、考查反身代词的单复数形式冲考引路］一WillyoutakepartintheEnglishspeechcompetitiontomorrow?一Sure.Iseeitasachancetoprove.A.myselfB.me C.yourselfD.youIfourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon,tlearntodependon.A.themB.us C.themselvesD.ourselves［用法详解］反身代词的单数形式有myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself;复数有ourselves,yourselves,themselves。反身代词在句中常用作宾语、表语、同位语；在enjoyoneself（玩得开心）,helponeselfto（随便用/吃）,killoneself（自杀）,loseoneselfm（陶醉于）,expressoneself（自我表达）,introduceoneself（自我介绍）,talktooneself（自言自语）,learnbyoneself（自学）等固定短语中作及物动词或介词宾语。四、考查复合不定代词冲考引路］mayhaveachancetobesuccessfulifhetrieshisbest.A.SomebodyB.EverybodyC.NobodyD.NoneMayIhaveatalkwithyou,sir?I'vegotimportanttotellyou.A.nothing B.anything C.somethingD.everything—Mom,Billiscomingtodinnerthisevening.一OK.Let,sgivehimtoeat.A.anythingdifferentB.differentanythingC.somethingdifferentD.differentsomething［用法详解］复合不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing等表示事物；somebody,everyone,everybody,nobodynoone,anybody等表示人。这些复合不定代词都作单数，可作主语、宾语或表语。一般来说，something,somebody,everything,everybody用于肯定句，anything,anybody用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句；nothing,nobody,noone本身具有否定意义，不与not连用。此外,形容词修饰复合不定代词时，通常后置。五、考查替代词one,it,that,those冲考引路］1thinkveryimportantforstudentstostudybythemselvesintheschoolorathome.A.it B.this C.thatI,mexpectingadigitalcameraforlong,butdadhasnotimetobuyforme.A.it B.one C.this D.that［用法详解］A.one泛指上文提到过的同类人或事物中的一个单数名词。B.it特指代上文提到过的单数名词或不可数名词,也指代无法确认性别的人，it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替作真正主语或真正宾语的动词不定式或从句，常见的句式有：Itis+adj.+todosth.和findit+adj.+todo2sth.结构。C.that特指上文出现过的单数名词或不可数名词。D.those指代上文出现过的复数名词，相当于theones六、考查all,both，either，neither，none冲考引路］Ihavetwochildren,andofthemareworkinginthewestofChina.A.all B.both C.neitherD.either—Whichclubwouldyouliketojoin,artcluborbasketballclub?—:isOK.I,mgoodatthem.A.NeitherB.Either C.Both D.All—Whatdoyouthinkofthefourclassics（名著）。£China?—Ihearthattheyarewonderful,butI,vereadofthem.A.all B.both C.neither D.none［用法详解］A.both,either和neither皆表示两者,作主语、宾语和定语，both还可作同位语。Both意为"两者都"，neither意为“两者都不"，either意为”两者中任意一个”，它们都可与of构成短语。B.all和none表示三者或三者以上。all意为“全、都”，表肯定，none意为“一个没有”，表否定。all作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语；none可作主语、宾语和同位语，但不作定语。all作主语时，指人看作复数，指物看作单数；none作主语时，看作单复数皆可，都可与of构成短语；all和both与not连用表示部分否定。七、考查other,theother,another,others,theothers冲考引路］Howdangerous!Shewasdrivingthecarwithonehandandholdinganicecreamwith.A.theotherB.another C.others D.other一Oh,thetrafficissoheavy.一Let,schangeroutetotheairport.other B.others C.theotherD.another［用法详解］A.other用作代词，与the连用构成“theother"，特指两个人或物中的，另一个“，常与one搭配构成“one...,theother...”句型。others是other的复数，泛指“另外的人或物”，常与some搭配构成“some....,others...”句型。C.“theothers”特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。D.another作代词，意为“另一个”；作形容词，修饰名词，意为“另一个"，星艮代词one构成anotherone。八、考查little和alittle；few和afew冲考引路］.Eachofushaslifegoals,whichwillguideustoabridgefuture.Withoutlifegoals,wemaywasteourlifetime.A.alittleB.few C.afew.一CanyouspeakEnglish,MrWang?一Yes,butonly.A.little B.alittle C.alot［用法详解］A.alittle意为“有一点"，little意为“不多，几乎没有”，little和alittle用于修饰不可数名词，也可替代不可数名词，做主语时谓语动词用单数。B.afew意为“有几个"，few意为“不多，几乎没有"，few和afew用于修饰复数名词，也可替代复数名词，做主语时谓语动词用复数。九、考查疑问代词和关系代词冲考引路］.— bikeisthis?—Ithinkit,sPeter,s.A.WhoB.Which C.Whose D.What.Whoisthemanisreadingabookoverthere?A.that B.whose C.which D.what［用法详解］A.疑问代词对人或物提出疑问，构成特殊疑问句，用在特殊疑问句的句首；疑问代词可用来引导宾语从句用陈述语序。初中阶段，我们所学的疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which； B.关系代词是用来引述前面已经提过的名词或代词的一类词，常用来引导定语从句。它主要有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom和whose在定语从句中都用来指人，其中whom在句中作宾语,whose在句中用作定语；which只指物,that既可指人也可指物。练习DoyouknowtheboysittingbetweenPeterand?A.she B.I C.his D.me-Wouldyouliketohavealookatsomepants?Theymayfityouwell.-Well,I'dliketotrythoseblue.A.pairs B.ones C.pant D.pair-Howaboutthemovieyousawyesterday?-Somepeoplethinkit'sboring;thinkit'sexciting.A.others B.other C.each D.another-Whenshallwemeetagain?-Makeitdayyoulike.It'sallthesametome.A.one B.any C.another D.all-Whoseumbrellaisit?-It's.A.somebodyelse'sB.somebodyelseC.somebody'selse'sD.somebody'selse-Whichdoyoulikebetter,McDonald'sorKFC?-,IjustlikeChinesefastfood.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None-Mum,IthinkI'mwellenoughtogotoschool.-Notreally,mydear.You'dbetterstayhomeforday.A.any B.other C.theother D.anotherNotlongago,ourcountrysentuparocketwithtwosmallsatellitesintospace.Oneweighed204kilosand,25kilos.A.another B.other C.others D.theother-ArethesecarsmadeinJapan?-Yes.Andthey'remuchcheaperthanmadeinAmerica.A.that B.those C.it D.ones-Excuseme,mayIuseyourbicycle?isbroken.-Certainly.Butremembertoreturnitbeforelunch.A.I B.Me C.MyselfD.MineIhavearaincoatanumbrella.That'swhyIhavetowaituntiltherainstops.A.neither;norB.either;orC.notonly;butalsoD.both;andThismathsproblemissodifficultthatonly studentscanworkitout.A.afew B.few C.alittle D.littleYourschoolthingsarehereandthere.Willyouplease?A.throwthemaboutB.putthemawayC.throwaboutthemD.putawaythem14.Milliegaveababycatyesterdaythathurt whenitfellfromthetree.A.me;it B.myself;itself C.me;itself D.myself;itWedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof.A.us B.our C.ours D.ourselves-Mum,Ineedanewschoolbag.-Butdidn'tIbuyyouthreemonthsago?A.it B.that C.one D.another-Thestoryissoamazing!It'sthemostinterestingstoryI'veeverread.-ButI'mafraiditwon'tbelikedby.A.everybodyB.somebody C.anybody D.nobodyThecleverboysaidto,"I'IIdobesttoworkouttheproblem."A.him;hisB.herself;myC.himself;myD.himself;his-Whichoftheshirtsdoyoulikebetter?-I'lltakeTheyareveryfashionableandcheap.A.nothing B.none C.all D.both20.ofthemknowsFrench,soIhavetoaskathirdpersonforhelp.A.Neither B.Either C.Both D.None-I'lldothewaslqinJack,wouldyoupleasedothechores?-Why?Susanissittingtheredoingnothing.A.her B.she C.I D.me-Whoissinginginthenextroom?-mustbeMarie.A.It B.She C.This D.There-Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan'tfindarepairshop.-Iknownearby.Comeon,I'llshowyou.A.one B.it C.some D.thatIlikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon'thaveenoughmoneytobuyA.one B.it C.this D.that-IsMissWhiteEnglishteacher,Maria?-No,sheteachesgeography.A.your;myB.you;mine C.you;us D.your;us-Dotheinterestingstory-booksbelongto?-No,theyarethe.A.yours;twins'B.you;twins'C.you;twinsD.yours;twinsInmyclasssomestudentslovemusic,arefondofdrawingandenjoyreading.A.some;theother B.others;theotherC.others;theothers D.some;others-Herearethreebooksonhistory.Whichonewouldyouliketoborrow?-Yousee,I'minterestedingeographythesedays.A.All B.None C.Both D.EachThereareonlytwopaintingsforsaleandhebought.A.all B.any C.both D.someTheywereallverytired,butofthemtookarest.5A.noneB.allC.bothD.either-Couldweseeeachotherat90'clocktomorrowmorning?-Sorry,let'smakeittime.A.other's B.theother C.another D.otherItwas lovelyweatherwedecidedtospendthedayonthebeach.A.sucha;thatB.such;that C.such;as D.so;thatYoulookworried!Isallright?A.everythingB.somethingC.anything D.nothing-Isthisyournotebook?-No,itisn't.AskBill.Heislookingfor.A.mine B.yours C.hers D.hisCouldyourecordthefootballgameforme?Icanwatchlater.A.it B.one C.this D.That-WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolordoyoulike?-I'mafraid.IthinkbluewillbeOK.A.both B.either C.neither D.none-Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulikebest,Kobe,JamesorJordan?-ofthem.LinShuhaoismyfavorite.A.All B.None C.Either D.Neither-Arethesebooks?-No,theyarenotmine.Theybelongto.A.your;herB.yours;her C.you;hersD.yours;sheShegotuptogetsomesleepingpills'outfoundthere