培训讲座材料2015-小向数学家

1、科学家小传 1. 按姓氏字母排序 2. 按出生时间排序 3. 按国籍字母排序 科学家小传 Abel 阿贝尔 挪威(18021829) Archimedes 阿基米德 希腊(-287 -212) Bernoulli 伯努里.尼古拉II 瑞士(16871759) Bernoulli 伯努里.丹尼尔I 瑞士(17001782) Bernoulli 伯努里.雅科布 瑞士(16541705) Bernoulli 伯努里.尼古拉III 瑞士(16951726) Bernoulli 伯努里.雅科布II 瑞士(17591789) Bernoulli 伯努里.约翰I 瑞士(16671748) Bernoulli

2、 伯努里.约翰III 瑞士(17441807) Bernoulli 伯努里.约翰II 瑞士(17101790) 科学家小传 Dirichlet 狄利克雷德(18051859) Descartes 笛卡尔法(15961650) Cauchy 柯西法(17891857) Cayley 凯莱英(18211895) Cramer 克拉默瑞士(17041752) Bzout 贝祖 法(17301783) Clebsch 克莱伯施 德(18331872) Dodgson 道奇森 英(18321898) Dedekind 戴德金德(18311916) Bessel 贝塞尔 德(17841846) 科学家小传

3、 Gram 革兰丹麦(18501916) Goursat 古莎法(18581936) Gauss 高斯德(17771855) Frobenius 弗罗伯纽斯德(18491917) Galois 伽罗瓦 法(18811832) Fourier 傅里叶法(17681830) Fermat 费马法(16011665) Euler 欧拉瑞士(17071783) Dyck 迪克 德(18561943) Euclid 欧几里德古希腊(-325-265) 科学家小传 Green 格林英(17931841) Grassmann 格拉斯曼 德 (18091877) 科学家小传 Laplace 拉普拉斯法(174

4、91827) Lagrange 拉格朗日法(17361813) Klein 克莱因德(18491925) Jordan 若当法(18381922) Jacobi 雅可比德(18041851) Hermite 埃米特法(18221901) Kronecker 克罗内克 波兰(18231891) Hamilton 哈密顿英(18051865) Heine 海涅德(18211881) Hachette 阿歇特法(17691834) 科学家小传 Mbius 莫比乌斯英(17901868) Moore 摩尔美(18621932) Metzler 梅茨勒 加(18631943) Maclaurin 麦克劳

5、林英(16981746) Liu 刘徽中(约220约280) Liouville 刘维尔法(18091882) LHpital 洛必达法(16611704) Lie 李挪威(18421899) Leibniz 莱布尼兹德(16461716) Laurent 罗伦法(18131854) 科学家小传 Rolle 罗尔法(16521719) Riemann 黎曼德(18261866) Plya 波利亚美籍匈牙利(18871985) Poincar 庞加莱法(18541912) Poisson 泊松 法(17811840) Penrose 潘洛斯英(1931) Peano 皮亚诺意大利(1858193

6、2) Newton 牛顿英(16421727) Ruffini 鲁菲尼意(17651822) Monge 蒙日法(17461818) Wronski 朗斯基波兰(17781853) 科学家小传 Vandermonde 范德蒙法(17351796) Taylor 泰勒英(16851731) Weierstrass 魏尔斯特拉斯 德(18151897) Takakazu 关孝和日(约16421708) Sylvester 西尔维斯特英(18141897) Stokes 斯托克斯英(18191903) Smith 史密斯英(18261883) Schmidt 施密特德(18761959) Niels

7、 Henrik Abel Born: 5 Aug 1802 in Frindoe (near Stavanger), NorwayDied: 6 April 1829 in Froland, NorwayBorn: 287 BC in Syracuse, SicilyDied: 212 BC in Syracuse, SicilyArchimedes of Syracuse The Bernoullis Old Nicolaus Bernoulli (1623-1708)Jacob I (1654-1705)Nicolaus I (1662-1716)Johann I (1667-1748)N

8、icolaus II (1687-1759)Nicolaus III (1695-1726)Daniel I(1700-1782)Johann II (1710-1790)Johann III (1744-1807)Daniel II(1751-1834)Jacob II (1759-1789)Creastove(1782-1863)Jacob (Jacques) Bernoulli Born: 27 Dec 1654 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 16 Aug 1705 in Basel, SwitzerlandJohann(I) Bernoulli Born: 27

9、 July 1667 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 1 Jan 1748 in Basel, SwitzerlandNicolaus(II) Bernoulli Born: 21 Oct 1687 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 29 Nov 1759 in Basel, SwitzerlandDaniel(I) Bernoulli Born: 8 Feb 1700 in Groningen, NetherlandsDied: 17 March 1782 in Basel, SwitzerlandJohann(II) Bernoulli Born:

10、 28 May 1710 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 17 July 1790 in Basel, SwitzerlandJohann(III) Bernoulli Born: 4 Nov 1744 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 13 July 1807 in Berlin, GermanyJacob(II)(Jacques(II) Bernoulli Born: 17 Oct 1759 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 15 Aug 1789 in St Petersburg, RussiaNicolaus(III) Be

11、rnoulli Born: 6 Feb 1695 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 31 July 1726 in St Petersburg, RussiaBorn: 22 July 1784 in Minden, Westphalia (now Germany)Died: 17 March 1846 in Knigsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia)Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Born: 31 March 1730 in Nemours, France Died: 27 Sept 1783 in Bass

12、es-Loges (near Fontainbleau), France tienne Bzout Augustin Louis Cauchy Born: 21 Aug 1789 in Paris, FranceDied: 23 May 1857 in Sceaux (near Paris), FranceBorn: 16 Aug 1821 in Richmond, EnglandDied: 26 Jan 1895 in Cambridge, EnglandArthur Cayley Born: 19 Jan 1833 in Knigsberg, Germany (now Kaliningra

13、d, Russia) Died: 7 Nov 1872 in Gttingen, Germany Rudolf Friedrich Alfred Clebsch Born: 31 July 1704 in Geneva, SwitzerlandDied: 4 Jan 1752 in Bagnols-sur-Ceze, FranceGabriel Cramer Born: 6 Oct 1831 in Braunschweig, duchy of Braunschweig (now Germany) Died: 12 Feb 1916 in Braunschweig, duchy of Braun

14、schweig (now Germany) Julius Wihelm Richard Dedekind Ren Descartes Born: 31 March 1596 in La Haye (now Descartes),Touraine, FranceDied: 11 Feb 1650 in Stockholm, SwedenJ. P. G. Lejeune Dirichlet Born: 13 Feb 1805 in Dren, French Empire (now Germany)Died: 5 May 1859 in Gttingen, Hanover (now Germany)

15、Charles Lutwidge Dodgson Born: 27 Jan 1832 in Daresbury, England Died: 14 Jan 1898 in Guilford, England Walther Franz Anton von Dyck Born: 6 Dec 1856 in Munich, Germany Died: 5 Nov 1934 in Munich, Germany Euclid of Alexandria Born: about 325 BC Died: about 265 BC in Alexandria, Egypt Leonhard Euler

16、Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, SwitzerlandDied: 18 Sept 1783 in St Petersburg, RussiaPierre de Fermat Born: 17 Aug 1601 in Beaumont-de-Lomagne, FranceDied: 12 Jan 1665 in Castres, FranceJean Baptiste Joseph Fourier Born: 21 March 1768 in Auxerre, Bourgogne, FranceDied: 16 May 1830 in Paris, FranceFer

17、dinand Georg Frobenius Born: 26 Oct 1849 in Berlin-Charlottenburg, Prussia (now Germany)Died: 3 Aug 1917 in Berlin, Germany Evariste Galois Born: 25 Oct 1811 in Bourg La Reine (near Paris), FranceDied: 31 May 1832 in Paris, France Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss Born: 30 April 1777 in Brunswick, Duchy o

18、f Brunswick (now Germany)Died: 23 Feb 1855 in Gttingen, Hanover (now Germany)Edouard J. B. Goursat Born: 21 May 1858 in Lanzac, Lot, FranceDied: 25 Nov 1936 in Paris, FranceJorgen Pedersen Gram Born: 27 June 1850 in Nustrup (18 km W of Haderslev), Denmark Died: 29 April 1916 in Copenhagen, DenmarkHe

19、rmann Gnter Grassmann Born: 15 April 1809 in Stettin, Prussia (now Szczecin, Poland) Died: 26 Sept 1877 in Stettin, Germany (now Szczecin, Poland) George Green Born: July 1793 in Sneinton, Nottingham, EnglandDied: 31 May 1841 in Sneinton, Nottingham, EnglandJean Nicolas Pierre Hachette Born: 6 May 1

20、769 in Mzires, Ardennes, FranceDied: 16 Jan 1834 in Paris, FranceSir William Rowan Hamilton Born: 4 Aug 1805 in Dublin, IrelandDied: 2 Sept 1865 in Dublin, IrelandHeinrich Eduard Heine Born: 16 March 1821 in Berlin, GermanyDied: 21 Oct 1881 in Halle, GermanyCharles Hermite Born: 24 Dec 1822 in Dieuz

21、e, Lorraine, France Died: 14 Jan 1901 in Paris, France Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi Born: 10 Dec 1804 in Potsdam, Prussia (now Germany)Died: 18 Feb 1851 in Berlin, GermanyMarie Ennemond Camille Jordan Born: 5 Jan 1838 in La Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France Died: 22 Jan 1922 in Paris, France Felix Christian Kl

22、ein Born: 25 April 1849 in Dsseldorf, Prussia (now Germany)Died: 22 June 1925 in Gttingen, GermanyLeopold Kronecker Born: 7 Dec 1823 in Liegnitz, Prussia (now Legnica, Poland) Died: 29 Dec 1891 in Berlin, Germany Joseph-Louis Lagrange Born: 25 Jan 1736 in Turin, Sardinia-Piedmont (now Italy)Died: 10

23、 April 1813 in Paris, FrancePierre-Simon Laplace Born: 23 March 1749 in Beaumont-en-Auge, Normandy, FranceDied: 5 March 1827 in Paris, FrancePierre Alphonse Laurent Born: 18 July 1813 in Paris, FranceDied: 2 Sept 1854 in Paris, FranceGottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz Born: 1 July 1646 in Leipzig, Saxony

24、 (now Germany)Died: 14 Nov 1716 in Hannover, Hanover (now Germany)Guillaume F. A. M. de LHpital Born: 1661 in Paris, FranceDied: 2 Feb 1704 in Paris, FranceMarius Sophus Lie Born: 17 Dec 1842 in Nordfjordeide, NorwayDied: 18 Feb 1899 in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway Joseph Liouville Born: 24 March 1

25、809 in Saint-Omer, FranceDied: 8 Sept 1882 in Paris, FranceLiu Hui Born: about 220 in Wei, ChinaDied: about 280 in ChinaColin Maclaurin Born: Feb 1698 in Kilmodan (12 km N of Tighnabruaich), Cowal, Argyllshire, ScotlandDied: 14 June 1746 in Edinburgh, ScotlandWilliam Henry Metzler Born: 18 Sept 1863

26、 in Odessa, Ontario, CanadaDied: 18 April 1943 in Syracuse, New York, USA August Ferdinand Mbius Born: 17 Nov 1790 in Schulpforta, Saxony (now Germany)Died: 26 Sept 1868 in Leipzig, GermanyEliakim Hastings Moore Born: 26 Jan 1862 in Marietta, Ohio, USA Died: 30 Dec 1932 in Chicago, Illinois, USA Gas

27、pard Monge Born: 9 May 1746 in Beaune, Bourgogne, France Died: 28 July 1818 in Paris, France Sir Isaac Newton Born: 4 Jan 1643 in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, EnglandDied: 31 March 1727 in London, EnglandGiuseppe Peano Born: 27 Aug 1858 in Cuneo, Piemonte, ItalyDied: 20 April 1932 in Turin, ItalyBorn:

28、 8 Aug 1931 in Colchester, Essex, EnglandRoger Penrose Jules Henri Poincar Born: 29 April 1854 in Nancy, Lorraine, France Died: 17 July 1912 in Paris, France Simon Poisson Born: 21 June 1781 in Pithiviers, France Died: 25 April 1840 in Sceaux (near Paris), France Born: 13 Dec 1887 in Budapest, Hunga

29、ry Died: 7 Sept 1985 Palo Alto, California, USA George Plya G. F. Bernhard Riemann Born: 17 Sept 1826 in Breselenz, Hanover (now Germany)Died: 20 July 1866 in Selasca, ItalyMichel Rolle Born: 21 April 1652 in Ambert, Basse-Auvergne, FranceDied: 8 Nov 1719 in Paris, FrancePaolo Ruffini Born: 22 Sept

30、1765 in Valentano, Papal States (now Italy)Died: 10 May 1822 in Modena, Duchy of Modena (now Italy) Erhard Schmidt Born: 13 Jan 1876 in Dorpat, Germany (now Tartu, Estonia)Died: 6 Dec 1959 in Berlin, Germany Henry John Stephen Smith Born: 2 Nov 1826 in Dublin, Ireland Died: 9 Feb 1883 in Oxford, England George Gabriel Stokes Born: 13 Aug 1819 in Skreen, County Sligo, IrelandDied: 1 Feb 1903 in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, EnglandBorn: 3 Sept 1814 in London, England Died: 15 March 1897 in London, England James Joseph Sylvester Seki Takakazu Born: 1642 江户小石川, (一说1637年生于上野国藤冈)