动词表示人或事物的动作或状态

1、动词表示人或事物的动作或状态。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是实义动词（指某个具体的静态如：think, love 等或动态如：run, walk 等）、系动词（常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等）、助动词（常用的是do, does, did等用来构成否定句及疑问句）、情态动词（常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情态动词后一定要跟动词原形）。1) 动词的基本形式绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。A. 第三人称单数形式的构成一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后

2、要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同：1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work-works, write-writes.2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes,finish-finishes, catch-catches.3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加es，如study-studies.注：不规则变化的有have-hasB. 现在分词的构成1. 一般情况下在动词后加ing，如study-studying, work-working.2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing，如write

3、-writing,move-moving.3. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加ing，如get-getting, begin-beginning.4. 以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加ing，如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.C. 过去式和过去分词的构成1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask-asked, work-worked.2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love-loved, dance-danced.3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i加ed，如try-tried, study-studied.4.

4、 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，先双写末尾一个字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped.练习：I. 用be 动词的适当形式填空1. _ your father a worker Yes, he _.2.They _ in the classroom3.Where _ my books4.These _her pears.5.How much _the T-shirt?6.How much _ the socks?7.Our mother _forty last year.8.You can _ in our school music club.9.Let's _f

5、riends.10.He and I _friends.11.Someone _ in the room.12. There _ some apples on the table yesterday.II划出每句中正确的词1.(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?2.(Where/What)are your baseball?3.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock?4.(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?5. .(Is/Can)she play the violin?6.I (don't/ doesn't)

6、like hamburgers.7.Why does Alice (likes/like)music?8.Who (am/is) your father?9.(What/What's) her favorite subject?10.How much (are/is) her socks?11. I (am, is, was, were) busy last week.12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.13. I (walk, walks, walked, walking) to school la

7、st Saturday.14. Rose (does not, did not, ) visit her uncle last month.15. There (is, was, are, were) a lot of people over there ten years ago.III写出下列动词的第三人称单数、现在分词和过去式。如：look - looks - looking- lookeddrink_ _ _go _ _ _stay _ _ _make _ _ _teach_ _ _ride _ _ _have_ _ _pass_ _ _carry _ _ _come_ _ _watc

8、h_ _ _plant_ _ _fly_ _ _study_ _ _brush_ _ _read_ _ _run _ _ _write_ _ _swim_ _ _get_ _ _say_ _ _take _ _ _see_ _ _begin_ _ _dance_ _ _IV.用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Let me _ (help) you find your purse.2. Would you like_(buy) things for New Year's Day?3. I like _( make) kites.4. He can_ (skate) better than M

9、E.5. You must _( listen) to your teacher in class.6. They enjoy_(play) basketball.7. She wants_(watch) cartoons.8. It's time for us _( read) books.知识要点2). 一般现在时一般现在时的用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around th

10、e sun.地球绕着太阳转。4. 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。 如：The meeting begins at seven.会议7点开始。5.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。如：If you come this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.如果你今天下午来，我们将开会。一般现在时的结构:1. be动词：主语+be(am ,is, are)+其

11、它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时常用的时间词：often, usually, sometimes, every day(week, year.)等。练习：I.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be)

12、 in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10.

13、 There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18.

14、The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today?It's SaturdayII. 改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.

15、 _5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _知识要点3). 现在进行时现在进行时的用法：.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。现在进行时的结构： be+动词ing.现在进行时常见的标志词：now, Look! Listen!现在进行时还可以表示将来.如:He is flying to Beijing tomorrow.他明天将乘飞机去北京。练习：I.用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls

16、_ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look! They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. It's 5 o'c

17、lock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .11.It's ten o'clock. My mother _(lie)in bed.12. What _he _(mend)?13. We _(play)games now.14.What _you_(do) these days?15. _he _(clean) the classroom?16. Who_(sing)in the next room?17. The girl_(like)wearing a sweater. Look!

18、 She _(wear)a red sweater today.II.单项选择( )1.Look! He _their mother do the housework.A. is helping B. are help C. is help D .is helpping( )2 ._are theboys doing ? They are singing in the room.A .Who B .How C. What D.Where( )3. Don't talk here. My mother _.A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleepin

19、g D .sleep( )4. Danny _. Don't call him.A. is writeing B .is writing C. writing D .writes( )5.-When_ he_ back? - Sorry, I don't know.A. does, come B. are ,coming C. is ,come D. is ,coming( )6. The children _ football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a( )7. Listen! She_ in the

20、 classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing( )8. It's six in the afternoon. The Greens_ lunch together.A. has B. are having C. have hadD. had had( )9. Some Germans _(visit) our school.A. is visiting B. are visiting C. visit D visiting( )10. I want to know when he _ for New York tomorro

21、w.A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. has been leavingA. is visiting B. are visiting C. visit D visiting( )15.Some Germans _(visit) our school.知识要点4). 一般将来时一般将来时的用法：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。一般将来时的基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do.一般将来时常用的时间词：tomorrow, next week (month, year),soon, the day after

22、 tomorrow，in+一段时间等。练习：I. 填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我将去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Today is

23、a sunny day. We_ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often_(go) to school on foot.But today is rainy. He _ (go) to school by bike.4.What do you usually do on weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?5.It's Friday today. What _she_ (do) thi

24、s weekend?She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.6. What _ you_ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.7. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.8. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.9. I _ (plan) for my study now知识要点5). 一般过去时一般过去时的用法：间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或状态。1.过去某个时间所发生

25、的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday.He was a worker two years ago.2.过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3.谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.一般现在时常用的时间词：yesterday或由其构成的短语,yesterday morning由"last "构成的短语last year由"时间段+ago"构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外在宾语从句中主句为过去时,一般从句也用过去时.练习：I. 单项选择。( ).1 She lived there bef