2015高考单选---代词、介词和介词短语浅析.doc

2015高考单选-代词、介词和介词短语浅析1.【2015重庆】2. The meeting will be held in September, but_ knows the date for sure.A. everybodyB. nobody C. anybody D. somebody【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道。Somebody一般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody用于肯定句； nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。故选B项。【考点定位】考查代词。 2.【2015重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 _ the average.A. below B. on C. at D. above【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：去年是有纪录以来最热的一年，全球平均气温上升0.68度。With 的宾语global temperature ，宾语补足above the average。 【考点定位】考查介词。3.【2015浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?A. about B. to C. with D. over【答案】 B【解析】试题分析：句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，是什么的家园的意思。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。【考点定位】考查介词4.【2015浙江】12. How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A. them B. one C. those D. it【答案】D【考点定位】考查代词It5.【2015浙江】17. These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.A. in memory of B. in response to C. in touch with D. in possession of【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of 意为纪念， B. in response to意为回应，C. in touch with意为联系，D. in possession of意为拥有。分析句子成分知道空格处充当介词短语作状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。【考点定位】考查介词短语6.【2015天津】2. The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。本题考查代词辨析。代词it, one和that都指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指, 相当于aan名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指, 相当于the 名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物, 也可代替人, that只能代替事物而不能代替人。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。【考点定位】考查代词。7.【2015浙江】10. Most people work because its unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion【答案】C【解析】本题关键词是不可避免unavoidable. 本题需要通过分析句子成分,判断前后的意思是相反的。介词的短语的考查，四个选项意思都是相差很大的，该题需要能够正确理解句子隐含意思。【考点定位】考查介词短语8.【2015陕西】12. The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street. A. on B. by C. in D. at【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：这个小学生拉住他奶奶的膀子和她一起穿过街道。 take sb. by the arm拉住某人的膀子，所以选B。介词的考查一般与方位有关，也有的是一些习惯搭配，这题就是这样。take sb by the arm拉住某人的膀子，如果是“打某人的脸”就是hit sb in the face。如果是“打某人的后背”就是用hit sb on the back。【考点定位】考查介词9.【2015陕西】13. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against .A. another B. the other C. other D. either 【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：为了提醒自己，这个水手坐在火前面一只光脚摩擦另外一只脚。因为人有两只脚，一只是one，另外一只是the other，所以选B。【考点定位】考查代词10.【2015福建】21.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, butcontained any useful suggestions.A. allB. noneC. eitherD. Neither【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查副词辨析。该句中A.all全部；B.none没有一个；C.either两个中任何一个；D.两者都不。根据该句意思：那个研究团队在那个调查上得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面都没有任何有用的参考。故选D本题考查副词辨析，要求学生掌握大纲内每个副词的意义及用法。【考点定位】考查副词辨析。11.【2015福建】22._A common memory they all havetheir school days is the school uniform.A. ofB. onC. toD. with【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考察介词辨析。介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词的形式。A.of表示关于，表示从属关系；B.on表示在之上；C.to表示对于；D.with表示和在一起。该句意思为：他们共有的关于他们学校的记忆是校服。故选A【考点定位】考查介词辨析。12.【2015福建】32.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_nature.A. in view ofB. in need of C.in touch with D. in harmony with【答案】D【考点定位】考查介词短语辨析13.【2015江苏】34.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.A. thanks to B. regardless of C. aside from D. but for【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：要不是爱迪生的发明，今天我们身边享用的很多东西都将不复存在。A项“多亏”，具有很强的迷惑性，如将题干改成“_Thomas Edison, nowwecanbenefitfrom manyofthethings aroundus.”则选A项；B项“不管，不顾”；C项“除了”；D项“要不是”，常用于隐藏式（含蓄式）虚拟条件句。故选D项。【考点定位】介词短语辨析14.【2015安徽】33.They believe that there are transport developments _ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.A. out of dateB. out of orderC. around the clock D. around the corner【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：他们认为即将到来的交通发展将会带来很多好的方面的变化。A过时的；B发生故障的；C昼夜不停地；D即将来临。故选D。【考点定位】考查介词短语15.【2015湖北】30.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _ that if you smoked here you would be fined. A.in advance B.in detail C