高考英语阅读理解全程冲刺训练（18）(1).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解全程冲刺训练（18）及答案阅读理解-a people from east asia tend to have more difficulty than those from europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in current biology explains why. rachael jack, university of glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as westerners do, easterners fix their attention on the eyes. we show that easterners and westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions, jack said. westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth. according to jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. as a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations. the researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 western caucasian and 13 east asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. they compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. it turned out that easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did westerners. the cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions, jack said. our data suggest that whereas westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, easterners use the eyes more and mouth less. in short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. from here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, easterners and westerners will find themselves lost in translation.( ) 1. the discovery shows that westerners . a. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth b. consider facial expressions universally reliable c. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways d. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions ( ) 2. what were the people asked to do in the study?a. to make a face at each other. b. to get their faces impressive.c. to classify some face pictures. d. to observe the researchers faces. ( ) 3. what does the underlined word they in paragraph 6 refer to?a. the participants in the study.b. the researchers of the study.c. the errors made during the study. d. the data collected from the study. ( ) 4. in comparison with westerners, easterners are likely to .a. do translation more successfullyb. study the mouth more frequentlyc. examine the eyes more attentivelyd. read facial expressions more correctly( ) 5. what can be the best title for the passage? a. the eye as the window to the soulb. cultural differences in reading emotionsc. effective methods to develop social skillsd. how to increase cross-cultural understanding【语篇解读】本文为科普说明文。主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。66. 答案：a考点：细节理解题解析：根据第三段 “westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.” 可以得出答案67. 答案：c考点：细节理解题解析：根据第五段 “by recording the eye movements of 13 western caucasian and 13 east asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.”可以判断选c68. 答案：a考点：词义猜测解析：根据定语从句 “that they show”所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 western caucasian and 13 east asian people”可知）可判断选a69. 答案：c考点：细节理解题解析：根据第六段 “it turned out that easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did westerners.”可判断选c70. 答案：b考点：主旨大意题解析：文章首先指出科学研究的最新发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂人的面部表情。之后更具体地介绍研究的结构及其研究过程，最后得出结论：文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同。由此判断最佳标题应为b阅读理解-athe pound new library of birmingham（lob）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.set to open in 2013, the 188 m lob is already beginning to tale shape next to the birmingham repertory theatre, with which it will share some equipment.as digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.brian gambles, the lob project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning, “the aim is to mix the physical with the digital. providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. it is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”the digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.even before the lob is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the virtual（虚拟的）lob, designed by baden, the birmingham virtual worlds specialists. not only have the public been able to learn about lob, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the lob to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.two other small birmingham-based digital companies are working on the lob projects. substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls “enlarge reality” project. it is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the lob which is in the early stages of development is an online library of figures of the city being built by a digital content company in cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material. gambles says: “technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as sever before.”( ) 1. the underline part “its idea” in paragraph 3 refers to the idea of_. a. the equipment b. the projectc. the digital media d. the physical library( ) 2. while visiting the virtual lob, the public can_. a. get a general idea of the lobb. meet many world-famous expertsc. learn how to put up a library buildingd. understand how the specialists work on the project( ) 3. which of the following is true of the lob when it opens? a. it offers better learning toolsb. it reaches users in different waysc. it provides users with smart phoned. it allows users to enrich its materiale. it gives non-stop physical and digital servicesa. a, b, d b. a, c, e c. b, c, d d. b, d, e( ) 4. this text is most probably taken from .a. a put book b. a library guidec. a handbook d. a newspaper report【答案与解析】【要点综述】本篇文章为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了library of birmingham（伯明翰图书馆）将会投巨资改建成一个全新的数字化图书馆的事情。1b词义推断题。通过分析单词所在的这个句子，可知its（它的）指代的是主句中的主语“这个工程的”，its idea便是指the idea of the project。2a细节理解题。根据第6段第2句“not only have the public been able to learn about lob, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the lob to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知答案为a。b、c、d说法均有误。3a细节理解题。根据第4段“it is about giving people the right tools for learning”， “which can be used through many different ways”及第7段“in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material”可知。4d推理判断题。文章首段便简明地概括了文章主题，全文体现较明显的及时性，这是新闻类文体的典型特征，据此可判断文章应来源于一篇新闻报道。阅读理解-b in bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skill m the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. it is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. this might happen at any stage. a baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. on the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. some may be especially strict in money matters. others are severe (严格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. in general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. as regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. to forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). also, parents should realize that example is better than precept. if they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. a sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.6. eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skills, _. a. should be avoided b. is universal among parents c. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child d. will make the child lose interest in learning new things7. in the process of childrens learning new skills, parents _. a. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read b. should expect a lot of the children c. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own d. should create as many learning opportunities as possible8 the second paragraph mainly tells us that _. a. parents should be strict with their children b. parental controls reflect only the values of the community c. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone d. its parents and societys duty to control the children9. the word “precept” in paragraph 3 probably means “_”. a. opinion b. punishment c. behavior d. instruction10. in terms of moral matters, parents should _. a. follow the rules themselves b. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children c. forbid their children to follow hook teachings d. always ensure the security of their children 全解全析bcccd在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循,“榜样比说教更有力”。b 推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段开头in bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition of each new skill，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选b。根据文章第一自然段第二句，选项c。sets up dangerous states of worry in the child是由hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate引起的，“迫不及待地要求孩子做超出其自然成长速度的事情”和“热切地观察孩子学会每一项新技能”显然不是一回事，作者对后者没有否定之意，所以a不对。根据文章第一自然段末句，选项取d。will make him lose interest in learning new things是由a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities引起的。故d也不合文意。c 推理判断题。文章第一自然段第二句it is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child，说明在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。文章第一段末句又说：on the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself，说明对孩子太放任自流同样不利。根据这两方面，应选c，父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。c 主旨大意题。文章第二自然段的大意是:“父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同”。d 词义推测题四个选项的意思分别是：a. opinion (观点)；b. punishment(惩罚)；c. bebaviour(行为)；dinstruction(说教，源于instruct)。根据文章第三段第三，四句also，parents should realize that “example is better than precept”if they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)可以推测，precept应表达与example对立的意思，且与preach是同义词，引语的意思是“榜样比说教更有力”，故选项d为最佳选项。35a 推理判断题根据文章第三自然段第四句，再根据文章最后一段，可以得出结论，关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循，(参见上一小题之解析)，故选a。阅读理解-cthree central texas men were honored with the texas department of public safetys directors award in a tuesday morning ceremony for their heroism in saving the victims of a serious twocar accident.the accident occurred on march 25 when a vehicle lost control while traveling on rainsoaked state highway 6 near baylor camp road. it ran into an oncoming vehicle, leaving the occupants trapped inside as both vehicles burst into flames.bonge was the first on the scene and heard children screaming. he broke through a back window and pulled mallory smith, 10, and her sister, megan smith, 9, from the wreckage.the girls mother, beckie smith, was not with them at the time of the wreck, as they were traveling with their body sitter, lisa bowbin.beckie smith still remembers the sickening feeling she had upon receiving the call informing her of the wreck and the despair as she drove to the scene.bozeman and clemmons arrived shortly after bonge and helped rescue the other victims and attempted to put out the fires.“i was nervous，”bozeman said. “i dont feel like im a hero. i was just doing what anyone should do in that situation. i hope someone would do the same for me.”everyone at the accident made it out alive, with the victims suffering from nonlifethreatening injuries. mallory smith broke both femurs, and megan had neck and back injuries. bowbin is still recovering from a broken pelvis, ankle and foot.the rescuers also were taken to the hospital and treated for cuts and smoke breathing, bonge said.in addition, bozeman got to meet accident victim anthony russo in the hospital after the accident, where russo presented him with a glass frame inscribed with “thank you”， bozeman said. those involved in that fateful encounter on highway 6 credited god blessing for bringing them together.“whatever the circumstances, tuesdays ceremony provided a time to be grateful for those who put their lives on the line for the lives of complete strangers，”beckie smith said，“were calling it the miracle on highway 6.”11whats the main idea of the passage?athree persons w