主位述位.ppt

,Theme/Rheme主位/述位,ThemeandRhemeContentTypesofThemeThematicprogression,Theme/Rheme主位/述位,Theme:theelementwhichservesasthepointofdepartureofthemessage.Rheme:theremainderofthemessage,thepartinwhichtheThemeisdeveloped.Eg:He(T)/dictatedhiswill.(R)What(T)/doyoumean?(R),Theme/Rheme主位/述位,TypesofThemes,SimplethemeMultiplethemeTypesofThemesClausalthemeMarkedthemeUnmarkedtheme,ItreferstotheThemeofaclauseconsistingofjustonestructuralelement,whichcanberepresentedbynominalgroup,adverbialgrouporprepositionalgroup,whosenumbermaybeonlyoneormorethanone.Eg:Slowly(T)/hecameintotheclassroom(R).Slowlyandquietly(T),/hecameintotheclassroom(R),SimpleTheme,Ifasentencecontainstwoormorethantwoclauses,theformeroneiscalledtheclausalTheme.*当主位由一个小句表示时，它本身内部又可含有主位述位结构.Eg:Ifwinter(T)comes(R)T/canspringfarbehind?R,ClausalTheme,ThemultipleThemereferstotheThemewhichismadeupofmanysemanticconstituents,whichincludesideational,interpersonalandtextualmeaning.Eg:And(TTex)maybe(TInt)you(TId)/arewrong(R).sequentialorder:textualelementinterpersonalelementideationalelement.,MultipleTheme,Unmarkedtheme:ThethemewhichistheSubjectofthesentence.Eg:I(T)/amasinger(R)Markedtheme:ThethemewhichissomethingotherthantheSubject.Eg:Me(T)/theyblameforit.(R)*一般来说，人们往往把无标记主语用作话语起点，但是为了达到强调某个成分的目的，讲话者可以选择有标记主位。,MarkedandUnmarkedtheme,2019/12/13,9,可编辑,ConstantThemePatternPatternsofThematicConstantRhemePatternProgressionLinearThemePatternCrossThemePattern,ThematicProgression,ConstantThemePattern(主位同一型、平行型、放射型),Underthispattern,everyclausesharesthesameTheme,differentRhemes.(几个句子的主位相同，述位各不相同。)R1TR2R3Eg:Mybrother(T1)isinJapan(R1).He(T2=T1)hasbeentherefortwoyears(R2).He(T3=T1)isanengineer(R3).He(T4=T1)isworkingforabigcompany(R4).,(2)ConstantRhemePattern(述位同一型、集中型、聚合型),Underthispattern,theThemesinindividualclausesaredifferent;thesedifferentThemesallendupinthesameRheme.(几个句子的主位各不相同，但述位一致。)BT1T2RT3Eg:John(T1)likesfootball(R1).Jim(T2)likesfootball(R2=R1).Everyboystudentsinmyclass(T3)likefootball(R3=R1).,(3)LinearThemePattern(延续型、阶梯型),Underthispattern,theRhemeoronepartoftheRhemeintheformersentencebecomestheThemeforthenextclause.(前一句的述位或述位的一部分成为后一句的主位。)T1R1T2(=R1)R2T3(=R2)R3Eg:We(T1)visitedtheGreatWall(R1).TheGreatWall(T2=R1)isinthenorthernpartofChina(R2).China(T3=R2)haswitnessedmanychangessincetheGreatWallwasbuilt(R3).,(4)CrossThemePattern(交叉型),Underthispattern,theThemeinthefirstsentencewillbecometheRhemeinthesecondone.AndthentheThemeinthesecondsentencewillbecometheRhemeinthethirdone,andsoon.(前一句的主位是后一句的述位。)T1R1T2R2T3R3Eg:Theplay(T1)wasinteresting(R1),butI(T2)didntenjoyit(R2=T1).Ayoungmanandayoun