2020版高考英语一轮总复习课时作业14Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars新人教版.docx

课 时 作 业14 .阅读理解(2019临沂市临沭高三阶段性检测)Sitting under the national flag and separated from the media by a transparent glass wall, 50yearold Jing Haipeng and 37yearold Chen Dong appeared calm as they prepare to be part of, what is scheduled to be, Chinas longestever manned spaceflight mission.The two were scheduled to spend a total of 33 days in orbit. This would be the 3rd trip into space for veteran Chinese astronaut Jing Haipeng. He has been on the Shenzhou7 mission in 2008 and the Shenzhou9 mission in 2012. The missions commander was also part of docking missions (太空对接任务) on both his previous space flights, giving him the experience needed to help dock Shenzhou11 with Tiangong2. Jing Haipeng said, “With the past 18 years of intensive professional astronaut training, together with the two previous experiences Ive had flying in space, Im very confident and determined that this mission is going to be a great success. Personally, Im much calmer and in a more positive headspace than I was during my previous missions. Im very proud to be here to greet our country. I know my confidence is shared with the rest of our entire space program.”With an unblemished flight record of 15 hundred hours as a pilot, 37yearold Chen Dong was chosen in 2010 to be part of the next generation of Chinese astronauts. He too said he was confident of heading into the mission, even though it would be his first time in space. “I have the chance to join my first mission after 6 years of intensive training and learning. For me, the timing is perfectnot too early, but not too late either. When we train, Jing is my teacher. In life, he is my brother. He is so dedicated, and demands only the best from me and the others that he works with. Because of his experience, I am very lucky to be paired with him on this mission into space.” After being put into orbit, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong were going to conduct a series of experiments, including testing the latest in Chinas advanced life support systems, as well as scientific research.Wu Ping，deputy director of Chinas Manned Space Program, explains the role of the two astronauts in space. “During their mission, the two are essentially backups to oneanother. They are both capable of piloting the spacecraft, complex management, manual docking as well as handling any emergency situations or malfunctions (故障). While in orbit, they are going to complete a number of maneuvers (演习) with Shenzhou11, as well as orbital experiments, demonstrations and tests on human health in space.”本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了神州十一号太空飞船成功将50岁的景海鹏和37岁的陈冬两位宇航员送入太空。1From what Jing Haipeng said we can infer _.Aprevious experience matters a lotBthe missions commander helped himCthe Shenzhou7 mission is to be docked with the Shenzhou9Dhe lacked confidence during the previous launching答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的With the past 18 years of intensive professional astronaut training, together with the two previous experiences Ive had flying in space, Im very confident and determined that this mission is going to be a great success.可知，有了过去十八年的高强度专业宇航员训练以及他之前的两次太空飞行经验，景海鹏有信心也坚信这次任务将会圆满成功。由此可以推断出过往的经验至关重要。故选A。2The underlined word “unblemished” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_”Acontinuous BsurprisingCperfect Dsignificant答案：C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的With an unblemished flight record of 15 hundred hours as a pilot, 37yearold Chen Dong was chosen in 2010 to be part of the next generation of Chinese astronauts.可推知，有安全完美的飞行记录，才可能被选为宇航员。A.continuous持续的；B.surprising令人惊讶的；C.perfect完美的；D.significant重大的。故选C。3What made Chen Dong a qualified astronaut?AHis confidence of heading into the mission.BHis intensive training and learning.CHis luck to be paired with Jing Haipeng.DHis experience of conducting a series of experiment.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的I have the chance to join my first mission after 6 years of intensive training and learning.可知，经过六年的高强度训练和学习，陈冬终于有能力可以执行他的第一次太空任务。故选B。4Where would you most probably see the text?AIn a newspaper.BIn a science journal.CIn a travel magazine.DIn a government document.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的Sitting under the national flag and separated from the media by a transparent glass wall, 50yearold Jing Haipeng and 37yearold Chen Dong appeared calm as they prepare to be part of, what is scheduled to be, Chinas longestever manned spaceflight mission.可知，50岁的景海鹏和37岁的陈冬坐在国旗下方，与媒体仅一堵透明玻璃墙之隔，看上去气定神闲，他们即将展开中国史上持续时间最长的载人飞行任务。由此可推断出本文出自报纸上的新闻报道。故选A。.七选五(2019聊城市高三月考)Rumors (谣言) are not always nasty, but they can be especially annoying when the rumormonger spreads something against you. Unfortunately, you cant just stop nasty rumors just by telling one person it isnt true. _1_. However, there are better ways to handle rumors. Simply apply the tips below and see which ones suit you best：Clear the airSet things straight. _2_. That is definitely more effective than just telling one person about it.Confront the sourceGo after the rumormonger in the first place. Most gossip starters dont really expect people to come after them, so youll have the element of surprise. However, dont attack that person physically or otherwise. Simply approach that person and tell him that he has it all wrong. Its best to do this when youre in a room full of people. _3_.Ignore it_4_. Rumors come and go. Most of the time, it dies down and a new issue takes its place. If the rumor isnt all that bad and doesnt really affect you in any way, perhaps its better to let this one slide._5_If you find yourself battling with a rumor in the workplace, its important to tell your boss about it. Rumors, especially nasty ones, can make an influence on your work performance and how other people think of you.ATell your bossBTurn to your best friendCIf it were that easy, rumors wouldnt be such a problemDYou should do something to make the situation better for youESome people simply choose to ignore the rumor spread about themFArrange a formal meeting to address the issue with many more peopleGThus, others will also hear the truth and the rumor starter wont go on本文是一篇哲理性文章。谣言并不总是令人讨厌，但当造谣者对你进行攻击时，他们可能会特别讨厌。然而，选择下面最适合你的建议就可以处理好谣言。1C解析：上文提到“不幸的是，你不能仅仅通过告诉一个人这不是真的来阻止流言蜚语。”承接上文，C项If it were that easy, rumors wouldnt be such a problem“如果有这么容易，谣言就不会是这样的问题了。”切题。该项中的that easy 和just by telling one person相吻合。2F解析：下文提示“这肯定比只告诉一个人更有效。”承接下文，F项Arrange a formal meeting to address the issue with many more people“安排一次正式会议，与更多的人讨论这个问题。”切题。下文中的That指的就是F项的内容。3G解析：上文提示“当你在一个满是人的房间里时，最好这样做。”承接上文，G项 Thus, others will also hear the truth and the rumor starter wont go on“因此，其他人也会听到真相，谣言制造者就不会继续。”切题。4E解析：本段的小标题是Ignore it“忽视它”，再根据下文提示“谣言来来去去。”承接下文，E项Some people simply choose to ignore the rumor spread about them“有些人只是选择忽略关于他们的谣言”切题。5A解析：此空是一个小标题，应该用短小精悍的祈使句，在A、B两项中选择。根据本段第一句If you find yourself battling with a rumor in the workplace, its important to tell your boss about it.“如果你发现自己在工作场所与谣言作斗争，那么告诉你的老板这件事是很重要的。”由此可知，A项Tell your boss“告诉你的老板”切题。此处关键词为boss。.语法填空(2019榆林市第一中学高三调研)In science fiction, space _1_ (describe) as a silent, empty place but things are different. In fact, all of the equipment _2_ (use)to keep a space station functioning can be so noisy _3_ the astronauts working there cannot talk with one another _4_ (easy)they have to shout. The high levels of sound may affect their work, and can sometimes even mean that they are _5_ (able) to sleep. In addition, they must face other problems in space. Scientists have found over 70,000 items of rubbish _6_ still remain in orbit (轨道) around the earth. Most of them are _7_ (small)than a tennis ball, but they still threaten (威胁) the _8_ (safe)of exploring in space. Even a small piece of metal could cause a terrible disaster if it hit a manned spacecraft. Although generally astronauts do make an effort _9_ (bring) most of their rubbish home, they dont always manage it. And they dont just leave their rubbish in space either. There is even a broken camera behind on _10_ moon.本文介绍了太空中有很多噪音，以至于在那里工作的宇航员彼此之间不能容易地交谈，有时甚至意味着他们不能睡觉，并且太空中还有许多太空垃圾。1is_described解析：考查时态和语态。space与describe之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时。综上所述，应该使用一般现在时的被动语态，填is described。2used解析：考查非谓语动词。all of the equipment与use之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，填used。3that解析：考查固定用法。所有的设备都太吵闹了，以至于在那里工作的宇航员彼此之间不能容易地交谈。so.that太以至于，是固定用法，所以填that。4easily解析：考查副词。修饰动词短语talk with用副词，所以填easily。5unable解析：考查形容词。有时甚至意味着他们不能睡觉。作be动词后的表语，用形容词，所以填unable。6that/which解析：考查定语从句。_6_ still remain in orbit (轨道) around the earth 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词items of rubbish，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填that/which。7smaller解析：考查比较级。由than a tennis ball可判断这里需要使用比较级，所以填smaller。8safety解析：考查名词。作threaten的宾语，所以用名词，填safety。9to_bring解析：考查固定用法。make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事，是固定用法，所以填to bring。10the解析：考查冠词。表示世界上独一无二的东西，用定冠词the。.短文改错(2019山东省德州市高三调研)Dear Mr Johnson，Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks are want in your company. I am eager to be one of them. So I am writing a letter to you. My name is Wang Ping. I was born in Hebei Province and I am in good healthy. I do very well in all subject, especially English. I can read in English documents and speak English fluent as well. Besides, I know a little French, that may be helpful to the business. It is said that your company are very famous and well managed. Ill appreciate if I can work with you.I am looking forward to hear from you soon.Yours sincerely，Wang Ping答案 Dear Mr Johnson，Ive learned from a newspaper that some clerks are in your company. I am eager to be one of them. So I am writing letter to you. My name is Wang Ping. I was born in Hebei Province and I am in good . I do very well in all ， especially English. I can read English documents and speak English as well. Besides, I kno