高中英语Module5ThegreatsportspersonalityPeriodFourGrammar—Reviewofadverbialclauses教案.docx

Period Four GrammarReview of adverbial clauses感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1When he retired at the age of 26，he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world.2But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport，Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.3If you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.4Whenever Chinese athletes step out onto the track during the 2008 Olympics，they will be wearing Li Ning tracksuits.5The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest.1以上句中，句1、4是时间状语从句。2句2是让步状语从句。3句3是条件状语从句。4句5是原因状语从句。状语从句也称为副词性从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用，可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句等。本模块复习时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句。一、时间状语从句常用来引导时间状语从句的词有：when，whenever，as，while，before，after，since，until/till，assoonas，immediately，themoment等。1when，while和as引导的时间状语从句(1)when“当时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或先后发生；从句中的动词可以用延续性动词，也可以用终止性动词。Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport.我们到达机场时，天正下着雪。(同时发生)Hewenthomewhenhehadfinishedhishomework.做完作业后他回家了。(先后发生)(2)while“与同时，在期间”，while引导的从句中动词常为延续性动词或表示状态的动词。PleasebequietwhileImtalkingtoyou.我和你说话时，请保持安静。(3)as“当时”(atthesametime)不指先后，指动作或事件同时发生，还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况。Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。AsIgetolder，Igetmoreoptimistic.随着年龄的增长，我变得更乐观。2before和since引导的时间状语从句(1)若表达“还未就”“不到就”“才”“趁还来得及”时，需用连词before。Hehadputthebrokenvaseawaybeforehismothercameback.他趁妈妈还没回来就把打碎的花瓶收拾好了。(2)Itwillbe时间段beforesb.do/does.多久之后才。Itwillbe3daysbeforeourmanagersignstheagreement.要过三天后经理才签那份协议。(3)since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是表示反复发生的动作。since从句的时态通常是一般过去时，主句的时态则通常是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIgotsick.自从我病了以后，他经常给我写信。(4)在“Itis时间段since从句”句型中，时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。Itishalfayearsinceshewasinourclass.她离开我们班有半年了。Itisthreeyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟有三年了。3till/until引导的时间状语从句主句的谓语动词如果是延续性的，主句常用肯定形式，意为“一直到”，表示主句的动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止；如果是非延续性的，主句常用否定形式，意为“直到才”。Iwaitedtill/until9：00.我一直等到9点钟。(wait为延续性动作)Ididntgotobeduntil/tillmyfathercameback.我直到父亲回来才上床睡觉。(gotobed为非延续性动作)注意(1)在not.until.结构中，notuntil位于句首时主句用部分倒装。NotuntilrecentlydidIknowwhathehaddone.直到最近我才知道他所做的事。(2)在强调句中，强调until引导的时间状语时，常把not提前，构成Itisnt/wasntuntil.that.。Itwasntuntil11oclockthathereturnedhome.直到11点他才回家。4assoonas.，hardly.when.，nosooner.than.一就若把表示否定含义的副词hardly/nosooner等放在句首，它们所在的主句要部分倒装，且主句要用过去完成时态。Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanitbegantorain.他刚到天就开始下雨了。5表示“一就”的一些副词有：immediately，instantly，directly等。Immediatelythebellrang，theboysrushedout.铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。6一些表示时间的名词词组，如themoment，eachtime，everytime，thefirsttime，thelasttime，nexttime，theminute，theinstant等也可以用来引导时间状语从句，起连词的作用。Everytimehecame，hewouldbringmegoodnews.他每一次来，都会给我带来好消息。ThefirsttimeIwenttoMountTai，Iwasveryhappy.第一次去泰山，我非常高兴。二、条件状语从句条件状语从句是由if，once，as/solongas，unless，onconditionthat，incase等引导的。在条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时，现在完成时代替将来完成时。1if和unless是最常用的条件状语从句的连接词，unless在意义上等于if.not.，并且语气较强。if可用于虚拟条件句。YouwillimproveyouroralEnglishifyoukeeponpractising.如果你坚持练习的话，你将会提高你的英语口语。Unlesshestudieshard，hewillneverpasstheexamination.他如果不努力学习，就永远不能考及格。2incase后接一般现在时、一般过去时或包含should的从句，为主句的动作提供理由。DontgoouttomorrowmorningincaseMrLishouldcometovisityou.明天上午不要出去以防李先生来拜访你。三、让步状语从句让步状语从句由although/though，as，evenif/though，while，whatever，nomatterwho/how/when等词引导。1although和though意义一样，意为“虽然，即使”，表示让步，一般可换用，只是although语气较重，大多置于句首。although/though引导让步状语从句时，主句中不可出现but。另外although不可当副词用，而though可以。Theyaregenerousthough/althoughtheyarepoor.虽然他们很穷，但他们很慷慨。2whatever，however和no matter what/how这两种形式都可引导让步状语从句，意义无差别。Whatever/Nomatterwhathappens，wewillnotchangeourminds.无论发生什么事，我们都不会改变想法。Howeverdifficult/Nomatterhowdifficulttheworkis，wewilltryourbesttofinishitintime.无论工作多么困难，我们都要尽全力及时完成。3形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词as/though可引导让步状语从句，表示强调。Youngas/thoughheis，heknowsalotaboutlife.尽管他很小，但他对生活懂得挺多。Hardasshetried，shefailedtopasstheexam.尽管她努力了，但还是没有通过考试。注意(1)as引导让步状语从句时，要用倒装结构，动词或现在分词放在句首，谓语要加助动词do，does，did或will等；作表语的单数可数名词置于句首时，其前不加冠词。Failashedid，hewouldnevergiveup.尽管失败了，他也绝不会放弃。Intelligentstudentasheis，hedoesntstudyhard.尽管他是个聪明的学生，但他不努力学习。(2)though引导的从句也可像as引导的从句一样使用倒装语序，但是although引导的从句只能用正常语序。4whether.or.引导的让步状语从句Whetheryougoornot，Iwillgotovisitmyteachers.不管你去不去，我都要去看望我的老师。5while也可引导让步状语从句，突出对比主句和从句所表示的两种情况。一般要位于句首。Whileheisyoung，heisexperienced.他虽然年轻，却有经验。单句语法填空1Ifwedontstopclimatechange，manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.(2018北京)2Unlessyoucansleepwell，youwilllosetheabilitytofocus，planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.(2018江苏)3Ifyoudontunderstandsomething，youmayresearch，study，andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.(2017北京)4While/Although/Thoughbirdsusetheirfeathersforflight，someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.(2017北京)5While/Although/Thoughsomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess，othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.(2016江苏)6Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen，eventhough/ifhesinhisnineties.(2016北京)7Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases，therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.(2016天津)8Overtime，as/whenthepopulationgrew，peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.(2016全国)9When/Ifitcried，sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.(2016四川).句型转换1Nomatterwhoyouare，Iwontopenthedoor.Whoeveryouare，Iwontopenthedoor.2Wewillnothavedirectcontactswithyouuntilyouagreetodowhatwesay.Notuntilyouagreetodowhatwesaywillwehavedirectcontactswithyou.3Thestormhadnosoonerstartedthanallthelightswentout.Nosoonerhadthestormstartedthanallthelightswentout.4Hefeltathrillthemomenthegotintothetheatre.Hefeltathrillassoonashegotintothetheatre.5Althoughthegirlisyoung，sheisgoodatcommunicatingwithsuchaperson.Youngas/thoughthegirlis，sheisgoodatcommunicatingwithsuchaperson.完成句子6IhaventheardfromhimsincehewenttotheUnitedStates.自从他去了美国，我就没有收到他的来信。7Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.我刚到办公室我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。8Marysmotherdoesntallowhertogoanywhereunlessanothermemberofthefamilyisalong.玛丽的妈妈不允许她去任何地方，除非有其他家庭成员一起。9.While/Although/ThoughIunderstandwhatyousay，Idontagreewithyou.虽然我理解你说的话，但是我不同意你的意见。10.Muchas/thoughheloveshisdaughter，heisstrictwithher.他虽然很爱自己的女儿，但是他对她很是严格。11.Aslongasyoudontloseheart，youwillsucceed.只要你不灰心，你会成功的。12Hecanusethebicycleoncondition(that)hereturnsittomorrow.他可以用这辆自行车，条件是明天必须归还。13.Immediately/Instantly/Theminute/Themoment/Theinstant/AssoonasIsawher，Iknewtherewassomethingwrong.我一看到她就知道出问题了。14Wellstartourmeetingontimewhetherhecomesornot.无论他来还是不来，我们都要按时开始会议。15Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture，although/thoughhistorycantbechanged.尽管历史不能被改变，但我们可以从中吸取教训来面对未来。基础巩固.单句语法填空1Ifyoudontmind，Illstopandtakeadeepbreath.2Becausetheareasusedforplayingfieldsareoftenroughandrocky，millionsofrealballsgoflatwithin24hours.3Whydidntyoutellmethetruth? Before/WhenIbookedtheticket，youpromisedtodrivenonstopfromAyetoNorwich.4Johnfailedintheexam，though/althoughhehadpreparedalotforitbefore.5When/Wheneverthemerchantfacedsomeproblems，healwaysturnedtohisoldfriends.6Hisworkswerenothighlyregardeduntilhediedin1936.7MrGateswasonly21yearsoldwhenhefirsthelpedtosetupthecompanyin1976.8Asisreported，itisover100yearssinceQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.9Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.10Unlesswehaveenoughevidence，wecantwinthecase.完成句子11.Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool，hehasbeenworkingveryhard.自从上高中以来，他一直很用功。12Seniorhighschoolstudentsshoulddoexerciseforonehouradayeventhough/though/althoughtheirsparetimeislimited.即使高中生的业余时间有限，他们还是应该每天锻炼一小时。13.Ifwelendahelpinghandtoothers，wewillbeofferedhelpwhenwehavedifficulty.如果我们对别人伸出援助之手，那么当我们有困难时也会得到别人的帮助。14NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.直到开始工作，我才意识到我已经浪费了多少时间。15.Whenever/NomatterwhenIamintrouble，myparentssurelyhelpmeoutsothatIcanadjustmyselfingoodcondition.每当我遇到麻烦的时候，我的父母一定会帮助我以使我调整到良好状态。.句型转换16OnarrivinginChengdu，hetelephonedhisfriend.Themoment/instant/minutehearrivedinChengdu，hetelephonedhisfriend.17Ihadnoideaofituntilyoutoldmeaboutit.NotuntilyoutoldmeaboutitdidIhaveanyideaofit.18Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.19ThoughIlikeitmuch，Iwontbuyit，foritssoexpensive.MuchasIlikeit，Iwontbuyit，foritssoexpensive.20Wewillfinishourworkinthreedays.Itwillbethreedaysbeforewefinishourwork.能力提升.完形填空Ifyouhavealittlechild，whohatessittinginachildcarseat，thentheFreedomRideistheanswertoyourproblem.Wouldyouwanttobe21inanunchangeablepositioneverytimeyoureinthecar? No.Youwouldnt!Whena22sitsinacarforanylengthoftime，westretch，wechangetheposition，wemoveourlegs，andshift23.Wedothisautomatically，andwithout24.Butkidsinatraditionalcarseatcantdothis.Theyarestuckinoneposition，andthey25move.Wemovebecausethe26ofbloodneedstoberestoredinourlegsaswesitinthe27positionforanyextendedlengthoftime.Inatraditionalcarseat，thechildcantmoveto28thepain，soit29theminabadmood.TheFreedomRideletsthemhavealittle30，andstillbesafe.The5pointharnessgivesthemadditionalsafety31atraditionalchildcarseat.IamtheW，and32JoeySafeaskedustoredotheirwebsite，I was 33 by this system.That is because I have two small children，and we obviously34carseats.IliveinSouthernCalifornia，andevery35ofmonths，mywife，the girls and I，go to see grandma who lives in Nevada.Its a 5hour drive，so the Freedom Ride36well.Ourtripsaresomuchbetternow，especially，sincethereis37roominthecarwithoutthecarseats.TheFreedomRidereallydid38iteasiertogoontrips.TheonlythingyouneedwhenyouusetheJoeySafe39youroldchildseatisapillow.40，mykidswanttotakeapillowanyway! Asadad，IfeelsafedrivingwiththekidsintheFreedomRide.21A.strickenBdrivenCstuckDhidden答案C解析根据第一段以及下文“Theyarestuckinoneposition”可知此处意为：你想每次在车里都被固定在一个不变的位置上吗？bestuckin困于，动弹不得。故选C。22A.womanBgrownupCkidDman答案B解析根据下文“Butkidsinatraditionalcarseatcantdothis.”可知此处是说成年人。grownup成年人。故选B。23A.suddenlyBconstantlyCsmoothlyDstrongly答案B解析成年人坐车坐久了，会不断活动活动。constantly不断地，经常地。故选B。24A.sayingBstoppingCthinkingDmoving答案C解析根据上文“Wedothisautomatically.”可知，成年人坐久了，会不经思考、下意识地换换姿势，活动一下。故选C。25A.cantBdarentCneedntDmustnt答案A解析根据前半句“Theyarestuckinoneposition.”可知，小孩因为固定在一个位置上，所以不能动。故选A。26A.supplyBtransportCcirculationDpressure答案C解析我们活动是因为要恢复腿上的血液循环。circulation循环。故选C。27A.sameBsoftColdDhard答案A解析因为我们坐着，腿一直不动，长时间保持同样一个姿势，所以要活动活动恢复血液循环。故选A。28A.sharpenBremoveCsufferDreduce答案D解析在传统的汽车儿童座椅上，小孩不能活动一下来减轻这种血流不畅的痛苦，所以导致他们心情不好。reduce减轻，降低。故选D。29A.takesBholdsCputsDgets答案C解析参见上题解析。putsb.inabadmood意思是“让某人心情不好”，是一个固定短语。故选C。30A.restBactivityCtimeDfreedom答案D解析TheFreedomRide系统就是让小孩有一点自由，而且仍然安全。故选D。31A.belowBoverCunderDaround答案B解析The5pointharness要比传统儿童座椅更安全。over意思是“在上面，超过”。故选B。32A.whenBbeforeCuntilDunless答案A解析作者是网站管理员。当JoeySafe要求重做网站时，作者被这个系统吸引住了。故选A。33A.puzzledBastonishedCattractedDattacked答案C解析因为作者有两个小孩，所以被这个系统吸引住了。attract吸引。故选C。34A.likeBenjoyCrefuseDuse答案D解析因为作者有两个小孩，所以也得使用儿童座椅。故选D。35A.otherBsecondCcoupleDseveral答案C解析每隔几个月，作者要带着妻子和女儿们去看望奶奶。couple几个。故选C。36A.worksBrunsCsellsDwashes答案A解析因为作者带着家人要开5个小时的车去看奶奶，所以这个系统就可以派上用场。故选A。37A.muchBmanyCmoreDsome答案C解析现在我们的旅程舒服多了。特别是因为没有了儿童座椅，所以车上空间更多了。故选C。38A.findBfeelCletDmake答案D解析TheFreedomRide系统的确使得旅行更容易了。故选D。39A.apartfromBinsteadofCaswellasDnolonger答案B解析当你使用JoeySafe来替代传统的儿童座椅时，你只需要一只枕头。insteadof取代。故选B。40A.HoweverBThoughCBesidesDTherefore答案C解析而且，我的孩子们反正也想带一只枕头(去旅行)！显然，前后含有逻辑上的递进关系。besides另外，而且。故选C。.语法填空TheInternetisanamazinginformationresource.Students，teachers，andresearchersuseitas41.investigativetool.Journalistsuseittofindinformationforstories.Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe42. (late) medicaldevelopment.Ordinarypeopleuseitforshopping，banking，billpaying，andcommunicatingwithfamilyandfriends.Peopleallovertheworlduseittoconnectwithindividualsfrom43.(differ) countriesandcultures.However,44.therearemanypositivedevelopments45. (associate) withtheInternet，therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns.46.concernrelatestoalackofcontrolover47.appearsontheInternet.Withtelevisionandradiothereareeditorstochecktheaccuracyorappropriatenessofthecontentofprograms，andwithtelevisionthereare48. (restrict) onwhatkindsofprogramscan49. (broadcast) andatwhattimeoftheday.WiththeInternet，parentscannotcheckapublishedguidetodeterminewhatissuitable50.theirchildrentosee.41答案an解析考查冠词。此处表示作为一个调查工具，investigative以元音音素开头，所以用an。42答案latest解析考查最高级。根据语境可知，此处表示“最新的”医学发展，用latest。43答案different解析考查形容词。此处表示人们用互联网与来自不同国家和文化的人联系，用different表示“不同的”。44答案while/although/though解析考查连词，根据下文的“therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns”可知，虽然有好处，也有劣势，表示让步关系。45答案associated解析考查形容词。根据语境可知此处表示与网络有关的积极的发展，表示“与有关”可用beassociatedwith，此处为形容词短语作后置定语。46答案One解析考查数词。根据上句“therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns.”可知，人们有很多担忧，表示“其中之一”用one。47答案what解析考查宾语从句的连接词。此处为over后的宾语从句，从句缺主语，用连接代词，指事情，故用what。48答案restrictions解析考查名词。根据语境可知，此处为Therebe句型，be后是句子的主语，再根据are可知，主语应该用复数，所以是restrictions，表示有很多限制。49答案bebroadcast(ed)解析考查被动语态。由语境知，此处节目与播送之间是被动关系，can后加动词原形，所以是bebroadcast(ed)。50答案for解析考查固定短语。besuitablefor对适合，所以用for。.读后续写(2018温州六校协作体期末联考)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。ItwasChristmasDay.Pappywasworkingalonefixinganoldlanterninthebackroomwhenheheardtheringingofhisbellontheshopdoor.Thebell，whichproducedauniquelypleasantsound，hadbeeninPappysfamilyforoverahundredyears.Hevalueditdearlyandenjoyedsharingitssongwithallwhocametohisshop.Althoughthebellhungontheinsideofthemaindoor，Pappyhadtiedawiretothescreendoorsothatitwouldringwhethertheinnerdoorwasopenornot.Hearingthebell，heleftthebackroomtogreethiscustomer.“AndhowcanIhelpyou，littlelady？”Pappysvoicewasjoyful.“Hello，sir，”thelittlegirlspokealmostinawhisper.ShelookedatPappywithherbigbrowneyes，andthenslowlyscannedtheroominsearchofsomethingspecial.Shylyshetoldhim，“Idliketobuyapresent，sir.”“Well，letssee，”Pappysaid，“whoisthispresentfor？”“Mygrandpa.Itsformygrandpa.ButIdontknowwhattoget.”Pappybegantomakesuggestions.“Howaboutapocketwatch？Itsingoodcondition.”Thelittlegirldidntanswer.Shehadwalkedtothedoorwayandputhersmallhandonthedoor.Sheshookthedoorgentlytoringthebell.Pappysfaceseemedtoglowashesawhersmilingwithexcitement.“Thisisjustright，”thelittlegirlsaid.“