2018版高三英语基础知识解读Unit2TheenvironmentA卷课后分层集训牛津译林版.docx

课后分层集训Unit 2The environment (A卷).阅读理解A(2017沈阳市高三教学质量检测)In 2013 alone at least 20，000 African elephants were killed for their teeth.In South Africa over the last two years more than 2，200 rhinos were killed for their horns.These numbers are alarming，because current rates of illegal hunting are faster than birth rates，which could lead to extinction of these ecologically important creatures in the environment.Indeed，some elephant and rhino populations are on track to be locally extinct within the next decade.If you are reading this，you may already be aware of these facts.But you might not know that wildlife trafficking(非法交易) not only threatens the existence of elephants and rhinos but is also leading to extinction of other species，such as tigers，tortoises，sea turtles，and the worlds most trafficked mammal (哺乳动物)pangolins.Pangolins are the only mammals that are entirely covered in touch scales(鳞)，which makes them look very strong.But actually they are endangered mammals.There are eight different species of pangolins，four in Asia and four in Africa，and all are threatened with extinction.Although pangolins are protected throughout most of the countries where they live，high demand in East Asia，where the delicious pangolin meat is considered a delicacy and where their scales are used in traditional medicines，is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts.The number of pangolin trafficking is shocking.Experts believe that over the last 10 years more than 1 million pangolins were taken from the wild.It is estimated that between 40，000 and 81，250 pangolins were killed for the illegal trade in 2013 alone.In February，the United States released a plan to deal with wildlife trafficking，which lays out the steps we will take to fight the illegal trade in wildlife，including pangolins.We are strengthening the carrying out of the plan；building international cooperation and contribution to protect wildlife；raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the illegal trade.Get involved and remember World Wildlife Day (Marcia 3) by spreading the plan.Use social media and tell everyone that now it is time to get serious about wildlife crime and end the demand that threatens species，big and small，from the huge elephant to the shy pangolin.【语篇解读】由于人们的捕猎，一些物种濒临灭绝。本文呼吁人们行动起来，保护濒危物种。1How many endangered creatures are mentioned in the passage?A4.B5.C6. D7.C细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，文章提到了大象、犀牛、老虎、陆龟、海龟、穿山甲六种濒临灭绝的动物。故选C项。2Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?AEight species of pangolins live on the same continent.BPangolins are not protected in most of their natural habitats.CThe scales of pangolins can be used as an ingredient for cooking.DHigh demand contributes to the illegal trade of pangolins in East Asia.D正误判断题。根据第三段中的“high demand in East Asia.is driving an illegal trade in both live animals and pangolin parts”可知，高需求导致了东亚穿山甲非法交易的发生，即D项正确。3What can we know about the plan released by the US?ASocial media will be used to spread World Wildlife Day.BWhether the plan will be worked out remains to be seen.CThe US will work together with other countries to protect wildlife.DMore and more people are advised to increase their needs of pangolins.C推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“We are strengthening the carrying out of the plan；building international cooperation and contribution to protect wildlife；raising awareness to drive down the demand that is fuelling the illegal trade.”可知，美国将联合其他国家保护野生动物，即C项正确。4What is the authors intention of writing the passage?ATo inform us something about World Wildlife Day.BTo raise awareness of protecting endangered wildlife.CTo explain why pangolins are illegally traded in East Asia.DTo show how the United States is to fight the illegal trade in wildlife.B写作意图题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是增强人们保护濒危物种的意识，即B项正确。B(2017广东六校教育教学联合体高三模拟)Warm weather brought by El Nino has had mixed effects on animals in usually snowy places in North America，including New England，according to an Associated Press article.Some animals seem to benefit from having a chance to gather more food before winter，and from expending less energy in daily survival mode.Others，like snowshoe hares，are put at center stage in predators(捕食者) view when they lack snow for disguising their white furnot a good thing for them，of course.Black bears，on the other hand，have been keeping busy gathering nuts and apples，when they would normally have settled into their winter homes by now.Vermont and Massachusetts officials have asked residents to wait till snow falls to take out their bird feeders for the sake of safety，the article said.“We suggest waiting for 6 or more inches of snow that lasts before taking out your bird feeders，especially if you have been visited in the past by bears or if there are sightings of bears in your neighborhood，” Forrest Hammond，Vermont Fish and Wildlifes bear biologist，said in the article.“Due to lack of snow and frozen ground，birds are able to seek food in fields and forests for their natural foods.”Snow amounts can also determine how comfortable bears are and how quickly they consume their accumulated fat during hibernation(冬眠)，noted Hammond in the article.This is because snow covers and traps them in their winter homes，and also hides them from predators.【语篇解读】随着冬季降雪，很多动物进入冬眠期。但是，由于受厄尔尼诺现象的影响，北美一些地区降雪量减少，使得一些动物无法正常冬眠。5What may upset snowshoe hares because of El Nino?ATheir being caught more easily.BTheir failing to gather more food.CTheir consuming more energy.DTheir losing sight of their enemies.A细节理解题。依据第二段的“Others，like snowshoe hares，are put at center stage in predators(捕食者) view when they lack snow for disguising their white fur”可知，没有足够的雪来伪装白靴兔白色的皮毛，这使得它们很容易被捕食者发现。由此可知，因为厄尔尼诺现象，它们更容易被捕捉到了。6Why did the officials ask people to keep bird feeders until snow falls?AThey may disturb bears.BTheres no need to do so.CTo avoid attracting bears.DFor the safety of bears.C推理判断题。第三段开头提到往年这个时候，黑熊通常都已经待在冬眠的窝里了，但现在它们却忙着收集坚果和苹果，再根据“Vermont and Massachusetts officials have asked residents to wait till snow falls to take out their bird feeders for the sake of safety”可知，暂时不把喂鸟器拿出来是为了不招来熊。故选C项。7What do the bear biologists words imply?AA heavy snow is on the way.BBears are common nowadays.CBears live mainly on birds in winter.DWarm weather benefits birds in winter.D推理判断题。依据第四段的尾句“Due to lack of snow and frozen ground，birds are able to seek food in fields and forests for their natural foods.”可知，由于缺乏雪和冻土，鸟类可以在田野和森林中觅食，因此暖冬对鸟类的生存有利，故选D项。8Which of the following is the proper title for the passage?AWarm Weather Helps Animals SurviveBSnow Amounts Determine Animals Winter LifeCMeasures Should Be Taken to Protect WildlifeDLack of Snow Affects North American AnimalsD标题归纳题。作者在首段中先提出气候变暖对北美动物有影响，下文以白靴兔和黑熊为例进行具体说明，因此D项作文章标题最佳。.完形填空(2017郑州高三质量检测)I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected.A lump in my neck _1_ out to be cancer.I would _2_ six months of chemotherapy (化疗)After the shock，I was struck by this thought：my _3_ didnt have any room for cancer.I had so much I wanted to _4_ and so many goals I wanted to chase.I was faced with the _5_ job of telling my friends and family.Then，I had to decide whether to _6_ in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year.My doctor _7_ against it，and so did my parents and teachers.My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to _8_ and relax would be the best thing for me.I could not think of anything _9_I did not want to _10_ a year of my life，receiving pity from those around me.Together with my parents，I tried to persuade the university to _11_ me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course.At the end of the year I would take two exams.It was really a _12_ to persuade them to agree.Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week.It made me feel _13_，but to a much lesser degree than I had expected.I was _14_ to read，ear and socialize exactly as I used to.I slept a lot and rested a lot，but I also worked hard at my studies.It gave me focus，and it also gave me purpose.Completing my _15_ at the end of term felt like a great personal victory.I took a _16_ to continue studying while undergoing treatment，and it _17_I was successful in my examsand more _18_，I made a full recovery.Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the _19_ that are right for them.I am _20_ that I made the decision that was right for me.【语篇解读】“我”在剑桥大学读书期间患上了癌症，医生和老师都建议“我”休学治疗，但是“我”坚持边上学边治疗，最后“我”不仅顺利通过了考试，也完全康复了。1A.stuckBcameCturnedDworkedC根据空后的“out to be cancer”可以判断，“我”脖子上的肿块原来是癌症；turn out to be为固定搭配，意为“结果是，证明是”。2A.requireBexpectCsenseDarrangeA根据上句可知，“我”脖子上的肿块是癌症；根据常识可以判断，“我”需要化疗。A项意为“需要”，符合语境。3A.bodyBmemoriesCfamilyDdreamsD根据空后的“I had so much.I wanted to chase”可以判断，“我”有许多梦想要实现(achieve)，有许多目标要追寻，“我”的梦想里没有什么空间可以放得下癌症，故D项正确。4A.faceBachieveCshowDunderstandB参见上题解析。5A.necessaryBtemporaryCdifficultDdisappointingC根据空后的“job of telling my friends and family”并结合语境可知，“我”患上癌症，将这个消息告诉朋友和家人是一件困难的事。故C项正确。6A.joinBtreatCsettleDcontinueD根据空后的“take five exams at the end of the year”可知，此处表示这时“我”要决定是否要继续在剑桥的学业。D项意为“继续”，符合语境。7A.foughtBadvisedCactedDdecidedB医生建议“我”不要继续读书。B项意为“建议”，符合语境。8A.recoverBexerciseCstudyDplayA医生和老师都认为休学对于“我”的康复和休息是最好的选择。A项意为“康复”，符合语境。9A.betterBworseCmoreDlessB根据语境可以判断，“我”很想留在剑桥继续上学，故此处表示“我”想不到比休学更糟的事情了。B项意为“更糟的”，符合语境。10A.saveBspendCtakeDmissD根据语境及空后的“receiving pity”可知，医生建议“我”休学，而“我”不想失去一年的大学时光。D项意为“错过，失去”，符合语境。11A.helpBremindCallowDinviteC“我”努力说服学校同意“我”继续留在剑桥读书。allow sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，故C项正确。A项意为“帮助”，B项意为“提醒”，D项意为“邀请”，都与语境不符。12A.struggleBfailureCburdenDtroubleA根据空后的“to persuade them to agree”可以判断，说服学校接受“我”继续读书是一件难事。A项意为“难事”，符合语境。B项意为“失败”，C项意为“重担”，D项意为“麻烦”，都与语境不符。13A.tiredBrelaxedCconfidentDnervousA根据上句中的“I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week”可知，“我”每两周就要从剑桥到伦敦来回颠簸接受治疗；据此可判断，“我”感到很疲劳。A项意为“疲劳的”，符合语境。14A.afraidBreadyCableDeagerC根据该句中的“as I used to”可以判断，“我”跟从前一样能够阅读、吃饭和社交。C项意为“能够”，符合语境。15A.purposeBprojectsCtreatmentDexamsD根据上文第五段的倒数第二句“At the end of the year I would take two exams.”可知，“我”在年底要参加两场考试；据此可以判断，在期末完成考试对于“我”来说就像是一个巨大的成功。D项意为“考试”，符合语境。A项意为“目的”，B项意为“项目”，C项意为“治疗”，都与语境不符。16A.restBriskCprivilegeDjobB根据该句中的“continue studying while undergoing treatment”可以判断，在治疗过程中“我”继续上学，这是冒险的。B项意为“风险”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“休息”，C项意为“特权”，D项意为“工作”，都与语境不符。17A.ended upBpassed onCpaid offDbroke outC根据下句中的“I was successful in my exams”可知，“我”考试成功了，“我”的努力终于奏效了。C项意为“取得成功，奏效”，符合语境。A项意为“最终成为”，B项意为“传给”，D项意为“爆发”，都与语境不符。18A.clearlyBinterestinglyCspecificallyDimportantlyD根据空后的“I made a full recovery”可知，