定语从句考点大观.ppt

定语从句考点大观,定语从句考点大观,考点一 关系词的选择,考点二、Prep.+which/whom的用法：,1. The girl _ whom he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. 2. He is the man _ whom I think you can depend . 3. He referred to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配,for,on,with,Which和whom前介词的确定依据,方法2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配,1.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he could see what was going on outside the house. 2.The librarian _whom I just shook hands works heart and soul.,through,with,方法3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,1.The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. 2.This is our classroom ,_（在前面） which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,考点三、名词/代词/数词+ of+which/whom 用法,1.The committee consists of 20 members and5 of them are women. 2.The book contains 50 poems, and most of them were written in 1930s. 3.I have a sentence ,and the meaning of it I dont understand.,The committee consists of 20 members ,5 of whom are women.,The book contains 50 poems, most of which were written in 1930s.,I have a sentence , the meaning of which I dont understand.,Rewrite the following sentences,考点四、whose在定语从句中的使用,whose表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,考点五、先行词是时间和地点名词时关系词的确定,1. 先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句.when ,where, why在从句中作状语 相当于相应的介词+which,2. 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,This is the town _I spent my childhood.,where/in which,which/that,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.,when/on which,which/that,This is the reason _ I didnt come here.,why / for which,The reason _ she gave was not true.,which/that,辨析填空,考点六、as 和 which 的区别：,as引导的限制性定语从句,此时先行词前常被such,the same, so,as 修饰， 即构成suchas , the same as, soas, asas 结构，做题时容易 忽略。 提示：在做有关定语从句题目时，如果选项中 出现as, 请先考虑是否考查as 引导的定语 从句。,as 作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语.,1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。 He left her, as/ which was strange. 2、as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。 As everyone knows, Tom is good at English. 3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as 作主语。 as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ discussed等。 As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China. 4、as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:,as is well known/ is known to all as has been said before as has been already pointed out as we all can see as is expected/ hoped/ supposed,. as is often the case ,as引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有,众所周知,如前所述,正如已经指出的,正如我们所看到的,正如所盼望的/ 希望的/料想的,情况常常如此,5、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。 The decision was right, which was exactly what he wanted. 6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。 The football match, which I watched yesterday, is very interesting. 7、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾语，有的还带宾语补足语。 That things improved, which astonished me. 8、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容从句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。 He was married again, which was unexpected.,1.定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性。试比较： He is the only one of the students who was here just now. He is one of the students who were here just now. 2.定语从句与并列结构。试比较： He has two sons, neither of whom looks like him. He has two sons, and neither of them looks like him.,考点七、定语从句的注意事项以及与其他句型的区别：,3、是用the one还是用that , which, where. （1）Is this school _ you study? （2）Is this the school _ you study in? （3）Is this the school _ you study? （4）Is this school _ is a senior one? A. that/which B. where C. the one D. the one where E. the one that / which 遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再看主句是否缺少表语。若缺表语，则必须用the one的形式，接着再看the one在从句中作什么成分，若作状语，则必须用the one where，若作主语或宾语时，则用the one (that/ which),D,A,B,E,4、是用when还是用that, which （1）May 1 is the day _ we spent together. （2）May 1 is the day _i joined the army. A. that/ which B. when 当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when, 若作主语或宾语时，就用that/ which.,A,B,5. where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。如： 1)Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2)Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. 在这两句中，where 引导的定语从句分别 修饰point和situation, 表示抽象意义“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。同类的词语还有case, position, stage;以及注意occasion后接when。,6、定语从句与强调结构的区别 （1）It was in this house _ he was born. （2）It was this house _ he was born. （3）It was in the house _ he used to live in that the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. which D. there 判断是否是强调结构的方法是去掉it is /was that, 若整个句子结构和意义不受影响，则为强调结构，否则为定语从句。,B,A,C,7、定语从句与其他从句的区别 （1）定语从句与地点状语从句的区别是看有无表示地点的名词作先行词，有则是定语从句，试比较： You should leave the toy where you can find. I still remember the bus stop where / at which I met you. （2）定语从句与结果状语从句的区别是看从句的连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句；若连接词在句中不作成分时，则为结果状语从句。试比较 He is such a kind person as everybody likes. He is such a kind person that everybody likes him.,3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别主要是看连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句，不作成分而只是表示前面名词的具体内容的则是同位语从句。试比较： The news that he had been back surprised us all. The news (that) he told us surprised us all. 8、way 后面的定语从句（用that/ in which 或省略）： Please tell me the way (that/ in which) you did the job.,考点八、from which 与 from where 的区别：,Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees. 下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。(引导定语从句) 划线部分相当于, and from at the windows不可变为from which，直接用where不如用from where更具体。,The car stopped suddenly only a few inches from where I stood. （引导状语从句）这里的划线部分中where引导的是宾语从句，与from一起作地点状语从句。 Where is the book from which you quoted this sentence? =Where is the book which you quoted this sentence from? 你是从哪本书上引用的句子？ from which中的which指代句子中具体的物，而from where是从某个地方。,look over there! Some people are standing under the big tree, _ you can enjoy the whole view. A.which B.from which C where D from where 分析:where 代表 under the tree 这个地方，如果用 which 就只能代表 the big tree, 这句话的意思不是Enjoy the whole view from the big tree. 而是 from under the big tree.介词后接介词短语的例子还是常见的. 实际上这个句子完整的应该是You can enjoy the whole view from the place under the big tree. the place 被省略了。 该句属于定语从句。,2010年高考真题练习,Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whose24. 答案：B 考点：定语从句 解析：先行词为planet，表示地点，故用where。,Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 答案：A 考点：考查定语从句。 解析：该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students，且在从句中作met的宾语，故选关系代词who，即A项。,The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A where B who C which D what 答案：A 考点：考察定语从句。 解析：先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表地点用where。,Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What 答案：C 考点：本题考查定语从句的引导词。 解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。,Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 答案：C 考点：此处考查的是介词加疑问词引导从句 解析：考察介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy whichthat we may return to in the near future.,Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? You should try the barbers _I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that 答案：C