读写任务议论文写作.ppt

Argumentative Essay (议论文)?,Writing,How to write a,Welcome,Summary:,A summary is a short passage giving the main points of an original article.,一、进行概括,Whats the most important thing in an argumentative essay?,The view of the author.,How to get the main ideas of an argumentative essay?,+,首段/尾段,topic sentences of each paragraph,论点,论据,Steps for writing a summary(步骤),Read,Find,Rewrite,Join,Read the passage for overall content (通读全文领略大意).,Reread carefully, find out the topic sentences.,Write in our own words.,In our final draft, insert transitional words and phrases where necessary. (用连词连接各部分),概括文章要点，要语言要精炼，概括要全面，行文连贯，表达准确。议论文则用自己的话表达论点、论据和结论。 概括时常用的开头语有： 1. This article discusses / analyzes/ strongly emphasizes such as(观点: 什么的什么+例证) 2. This article not only describes but also suggests 3. This article shows / tells us that 4. The author holds the idea that , giving it an example of sb. who (观点+例证),Task 1: Write a summary of Passage1,Lets have a try!,Read Passage 1& find out the topic sentence in each paragraph,It goes without saying that everyone has his own interest. For instance, some people are interested in stamp collecting, while others are fond of fishing. Some people prefer shopping. Others, on the other hand, have a liking for sports. To develop your interest will help you make way in the world. If you have a strong taste for something, you will find it enjoyable to have it done. For example, if you like to become a teacher and work hard toward this purpose, you will certainly make yourself a successful one. If you cultivate your various kinds of interest properly, you will probably find it easier to find a job or a profession. Sometimes, however, you have to give up your interest for one thing or another. If your interest seriously interferes(干扰)your work or study, you have to think of giving it up; if you have a family and still have too much interest in watching TV, you have to stop doing so, so that you can help with housework or spend sometime taking care of your lovely child.,Para.1. Para.2. Para3.,Is it OK for us to combine these topic sentences to form the summary of the passage?,No. We should write in our own words.,Everyone has his own interest.,you have to give up your interest for one thing or another.,Task 2： Step1 Find out the topic sentences of Passage 1,To develop your interest will help you make way in the world.,Step2: Rewrite the sentence in your own words. (用同义词、 同源词或转换句式),Para.1. everyone has his own interest.,everyone has an interest of his own,succeed替换make way,Para3. you have to give up your interest for one thing or another.,for some reason替换for one thing or another”,把主动语态you have to give up your interest改为被动语态。,Para2. To develop your interest will help you make way in the world.,The author points out that everyone has an interest of his own and developing an interest properly will help you succeed. But on some occasions, your interest has to be given up for some reason. (35 words),A Possible Version:,Step3: Add some conjunctional words (衔接词),二、自然过渡,写完概括后，用句恰当的过渡语引出自己的观点（反对或赞成）。过渡语起承上启下的作用，使文章显得自然、连贯。 常用的过渡句式有： 1. I do agree with the author 2. In some way, I agree with, but 3. This point sounds right, but 4. However, I think 5. I definitely believe 6. In my opinion, 7. Personally, I feel that 8. As far as Im concerned, 9. While someone might think it is wrong/right, I believe that,三、列举例证,提出自己的观点后就要用具体的事例来论证自己的观点。 常用的句式有： 1. First , Second,Last 2. On the one hand, on the other hand, 3. For one thingand for another 4. Furthermore/Besides/In addition, 5. Some think, while others may .,四、总结点题,总结句约30词，.进一步总结作者的观点，提出具体做法或号召，升华文章的主题。可以用套语配名言来点题，并注意文章前后呼应。 常用的句式有： 1. In conclusion, 2. In short, 3. In a word, 4. In general, 5. All in all, 6. To sum up, ,阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。,The generation gap between students and their teachers is becoming more significant with only 3. 3 per cent out of a survey group of 1, 000 students from 30 key middle schools in the city saying they would be willing to tell their teachers of their inner thoughts. In todays educational environment, teachers are positioned to be the authority figure for learning instead of also becoming a good friend in the lives of students. As only students with good marks in exams are considered the “apples in the eyes” of the teachers, most students think their teachers to be partial(偏心).,“I feel sad to hear such remarks,” said Yu Yi, a well-known special-class teacher. She recalled that in the past, teachers and students would play basketball together or comment on novels while sitting on the grass during a break. But today, study and good marks are the only topics of conversation between students and teachers. “Schools are not only the place where knowledge is imparted (传授) but also where students are taught how to be an upright person,” Yu said. “The success of a person is not merely determined by intelligence but also by emotional state.”,Yang Xiong, director of the Juvenile Research Institute, said the educational system which focuses on examinations should be held to be substantially responsible.,写作内容 1. 以约30个词概括学生不愿告诉老师内心想法的原因； 2. 然后以约120个词就“现代师生关系”这个主题发表你的看法，并包括如下要点： (1)你是否愿意告诉老师你内心的想法？为什么？ (2)你希望你与你的老师之间的关系是怎样的？如何才能建立这种关系？ 写作要求 (1)可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子； (2)标题自定； (3)文中不能出现考生真实姓名和学校名称 评分标准 概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。,阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。,The generation gap between students and their teachers is becoming more significant with only 3. 3 per cent out of a survey group of 1, 000 students from 30 key middle schools in the city saying they would be willing to tell their teachers of their inner thoughts. In todays educational environment, teachers are positioned to be the authority figure for learning instead of also becoming a good friend in the lives of students. As only students with good marks in exams are considered the “apples in the eyes” of the teachers, most students think their teachers to be partial(偏心).,“I feel sad to hear such remarks,” said Yu Yi, a well-known special-class teacher. She recalled that in the past, teachers and students would play basketball together or comment on novels while sitting on the grass during a break. But today, study and good marks are the only topics of conversation between students and teachers. “Schools are not only the place where knowledge is imparted (传授) but also where students are taught how to be an upright person,” Yu said. “The success of a person is not merely determined by intelligence but also by emotional state.”,Yang Xiong, director of the Juvenile Research Institute, said the educational system which focuses on examinations should be held to be substantially responsible.,套用写作模板进行写作：,1.进行概括： Students are becoming unwilling to tell their teachers of their inner thoughts because they are not equal in position and teachers lay too much emphasis on the academic performances of the students.,2. 自然过渡。回答“你是否愿意告诉老师你内心的想法”，给出观点（愿意或不愿意），直截了当，一语概之。如“我愿意告诉老师我的内心想法”。 While some students might have doubts, I am willing to share my inner thoughts with my teachers. 3. 列举例证。回答“为什么”， 给出一两个理由。 They show love and concern for their students and they are also good listeners. I always find it easy to seek support and advice from them, from which I benefit and learn a lot.,5. 回答“你希望你与你的老师之间的关系是怎样的”，可以是“重要的， 和谐的， 朋友式的”等等。 In this case, an ideal relationship between teachers and students is very important. In my opinion, this relationship should be one filled with love, care and understanding, in which teachers and students show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely. 6. 回答“如何才能建立这种关系”，即师生双方应该如何做。 To build a relationship of this kind, teachers should become friends of students while students ought to place more trust in their teachers and give voice to their feelings frankly.,7. 总结。如可以说“只有这样，我们才能拥有和谐的师生关系。” Only in this way can we enjoy a warm relationship between teachers and students.,Students are becoming unwilling to tell their teachers of their inner thoughts because they are not equal in position and teachers lay too much emphasis on the academic performances of the students. While some students might have doubts, I am willing to share my inner thoughts with my teachers. They show love and concern for their students and are good listeners. I always find it easy to seek support and advice from them, from which I benefit and learn a lot.,In this case, an ideal relationship between teachers and students is very important. In my opinion, this relationship should be one filled with love, care and understanding, in which teachers and students show respect for each other and exchange ideas freely. To build a relationship of this kind, teachers should become friends of students while students ought to place more trust in their teachers and give voice to their feelings frankly. Only in this way can we enjoy a warm relationship between teachers and students.,Dear editor , Last week , our class had a discussion about whether or not university students should be financially independent .Our opinions are divided. Here Im writing to tell you some thing about the discussion. 55%of the students think that university students dont have to make money financially independent , because if students want to make money ,they will spend a lot of time on their work., so it will surely affect their studies. About 30% of the students hold the view that doing part-time jobs will help one gain work experience and learn more about society,六、Homework 阅读短文然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。,which will help them a lot in their future job application .In addition , when they find time is limited for them to do part-time jobs, they may stop at any time. As for me , just like 15% of the students ,I partly agree with the opinions above .Personally , as grow-ups , we should not depend on our parents any more. However , if our parents can afford to pay the tuition for us , we should put our study in the first place; if our parents cant afford to pay our tuition, we may find a part-time job to earn some money for ourselves .Whats your opinion? Thank you for reading my letter. Yours Zhang Hai,写作内容 1. 以约30 个词概括这篇短文的内容 2. 然后以“大学生是否需要经济独立”为话题， 写一篇120词左右的短文。内容包括： （1） 中国孩子过多地依赖家长； （2）在力所能及的情况下， 大学生可以找一份兼职的工作，一方面减轻家长的经济压力，另一方面可以锻炼自己的能力； （3）无论怎样， 学习仍是大学生的首要任务 写作要求 在作文中可以使用自己的亲身经历或虚构地故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。,套用写作模板进行写作：,1.进行概括： The passage above mainly tells us a discussion on whether or not university students should be financially independent as well as different opinions among the students.,2. 自然过渡。说到中国孩子怎样过多地依赖家长。 As we all know , we Chinese children are all dependent on our parents , including most university students . 3. 列举例证，证明中国孩子怎样过多地依赖家长。 My sister, a university students, doesnt know how to cook because her mother prepare everything well for her.,5. 引出话题“在力所能及的情况下， 大学生可以找一份兼职的工作”。 In my opinion, university students should try to find a part-time job if possible. 6. 说明大学生找一份兼职的工作的好处:一方面减轻家长的经济压力，另一方面可以锻炼自己的能力。 By doing so , they can not only help their parents to reduce the financial pressure, but also cultivate all kinds of abilities. Besides , many companies pay special attention to working experience of the job application.,7. 总结。“无论怎样， 学习仍是大学生的首要任务”。 In general , althou