（全国通用）2020高考英语一轮复习Unit3练习牛津译林版选修8.docx

选修八 Unit 3 单元话题语篇训练阅读理解组块专练（练速度）.阅读理解A(2019福州质检)Were Hiring Shift Workers for Our Production PlantLooking for a career with a company that values its employees, and promotes them from within? Then Black Cat Blades is the company for you!Cutting OperatorsCNC OperatorsHeat Treat OperatorsFull training provided, starting at D|S14.50 per hour, with the potential to move to D|S18.16 in one year.We also require a Skilled Welder (焊接工), to work 12hour rotating shifts (轮班) in our cutting department. The successful candidate must be a registered journeyman (熟练工) within the Province of Alberta or with a Red Seal.We offer a great benefit package, including health and RRSPs. Numerous motivations: Profit Sharing, Pay for Years of Service, Fitness Program Allowance, and fun social events for you and your family.Apply in person, and well take you on a tour of our production equipment or forward your personal information by fax or email.Black Cat Blades Ltd.HR blackcatblades. com560459 St., Edmonton, AB T6B 3C3Fax: (780) 4659595语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一家公司的招工广告。1What is the most attractive about the company?ACharged training.BDesirable welfare.CWorking time. DFree travelling.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“We offer a great benefit package, including health and RRSPs”可知，这家公司最吸引人的地方是它提供非常好的福利待遇(a great benefit package)，故选B“Desirable welfare”(理想的福利)。2Who can be admitted as a skilled welder?AAn experienced operator.BA person without a Red Seal.CA registered journeyman in Alberta.DA clerk from Black Cat Blades.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The successful candidate must be a registered journeyman (熟练工) within the Province of Alberta or with a Red Seal”可知，本题答案为C。3How many kinds of work does the company offer?AThree. BFour.CFive. DSix.解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章中的“Cutting Operators, CNC Operators, Heat Treat Operators”和“a Skilled Welder (焊接工)”可知本题答案为B。B(2019武汉调研)When I graduated from the University of Iowa last year, I did something my friends did not understand. I left Iowa, where I had friends and stability, to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco. At school, I had found a job driving a school bus so people asked, “Why on earth are you leaving？”Well, at graduation I was presented with two things a degree in psychology and a question. It was the same one that many in my generation got：“What do I do now？” It was as difficult as it was common. Thats because many people at my age were raised with the same words, repeated over and over by parents, teachers and TV, that “you can be whatever you want to be”. As a young boy, every time when I was puzzled about my future, they would say that they would be happy if I was happy. However, what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea, for example, “be a doctor, or be a bus driver”My experience was by no means universal. Many Americans are taught by their parents that the only purpose in life is to attain money and power. As a goal, this seems much easier and clearer than finding “happiness” or “gentleness”. The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill, rather assuming that something would magically happen to overcome their problems. They often get a real shock when they enter the “real world” and find that their options are very limited. Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating, or have moved back in with their parents.My life on the boat is hard at times, especially during storms. But this is my small attempt to be happy on my own. Im not buying into my nations idea of limitless possibilities because I feel that stops the growth of many of todays youth.语篇解读：本文是文化教育类夹叙夹议文。作者用自身的经历指出当今美国的一个社会问题：青少年需要父母更为具体的引导和教育，让他们知道自己将来具体想要做什么，而不是简单地告诉他们“成为你想成为的人”。4Why were the friends confused about the writers leaving?AHe was tired of driving.BHe suddenly quit school.CHe would lose his friends.DHe would lead a changing life.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“I did something my friends did not understand. I left Iowa, where I had friends and stability, to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco”可知，作者离开了艾奥瓦州，那里有他的朋友，有稳定的工作，但他去了旧金山附近的一个船屋，开始自己一种新的生活，他的朋友们对他的这种做法很不理解，故答案选D。5What does the writer think of the guidance he got from American society?AIts specific. BIts wrong.CIts general. DIts correct.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段内容，尤其是其中的“what I need was concrete advice but not a vague idea”可知，作者想要的是具体的建议，故可推知他认为他得到的指导是宽泛的，故答案选C。6What directly caused a lot of Americans to have jobs lower than their expectations?ATheir achievable goals.BThe practical guidance.CBeing shocked by the real world.DLacking professional competence.解析：选D细节理解题。文章第三段最后一句“Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating, or have moved back in with their parents” 提到我的很多朋友在毕业后都当了服务生或厨师，或者搬回去跟父母住在一起，上文分析了导致这种情况的原因“The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill”，也就是说，父母的这种教育方式导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能。故答案选D。7Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AStay where you areBBe whatever you want to beCBlind faith in industrial societyDMistaken belief in limitless possibilities解析：选D标题归纳题。文章主要阐述了作者指出当前美国的一个社会问题：父母没有给孩子提出具体的、明确的建议，教育其孩子把钱和权力当成了生活的唯一目标，这导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能，在走上社会之后受到了影响，只能去做一些很低层次的工作。根据最后一段中的“Im not buying . todays youth”可知，作者批评了这种教育方式，并且不再相信美国社会的“无限可能”的信念。所以答案选D。C(2019陕西适应性考试)Its easy to keep your aging brain as quick as it was in college. Use a website full of brain games or download the right apps, and within 20 minutes youll be doing your part to sharpen your memory and slow the decline of your mental functions. At least thats what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true?Concrete proof about the benefits of brain games is hard to come by, experts say, when it comes to measurably improving aspects of mental fitness, like having a good memory. “People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but theres just no solid evidence，” says Randall W. Engle, a primary investigator at the Attention & Working Memory Lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology.Thats not to say brain games are without benefits. Experts say these kinds of mental exercises can change your brain. The brain changes with just about everything you do, including mental training exercises. But numerous studies have shown that brain games lack what researchers call “transfer”. In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging wont necessarily come to a stop.“Its like, you walk through fresh snow, and you leave a trace. If you walk the same route again, the trace gets deeper and deeper，” says Ursula Staudinger, director of the Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University. The fact that structural changes occur does not imply that in general this brain has become more capable. It has become more capable of doing exactly the tasks it was practicing.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。据说脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但是研究表明，脑力游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧的掌握，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；其作用还有待证明。8We can infer from the first paragraph that _.Abrain games improve the memoryBbrain aging actually can be quittedCpeople dont believe brain gamesDthe author doubts the effect of brain games解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“At least thats what the companies behind this booming industry would have you believe. But is it true？”可知，这个蓬勃发展的行业背后的公司会让人相信脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但作者对其真实性表示怀疑，故D项正确。9What does Engle think of the functions of brain games?AThey really make some difference.BTheir effects still need proving.CPeople like to be led by the nose.DPeople dont believe the effects.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“People would really love to believe they could do something like this and make their brain better, but theres just no solid evidence”可知，Randall W. Engle 认为这种游戏的功能还有待证明，故B项正确。10The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “_”Astopping the brain agingBhaving the brain workingCmaking the brain more passiveDspeeding up the brain aging解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“In other words, repeating a game over and over again teaches you how to play the game and get better at it but your brain aging wont necessarily come to a stop”可知，多次重复玩一个游戏，会让你更加熟练地操作游戏，但大脑老化并不能停止；结合画线词所在句可知，很多研究都表明脑力游戏不能使大脑停止老化，故A项正确。11Which can be the best title of the passage?AGames Stop Brain AgingBUnavoidable Brain AgingCGames Roles Need ProvingDGames Improve Your Brain解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能衰退的脑力游戏，但是研究表明，这些游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧掌握的能力，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；游戏的作用还有待证明。据此可知，C项最适合作为本文的标题。D(2019陕西质检)Many people have difficulty in getting up in the morning. This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you work, you may say that youre “hot”. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak (顶峰). For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar words as：“Get up, John! Youll be late for work again！” The possible explanation for the trouble is that John is at his temperatureandenergy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. If so, staying up later than you want to may counteract your cycle in some way. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a comfortable yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed for a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人体的能量循环，告诉人们最好在能量顶峰时期工作。12Dr. Kleitman explains that a person is difficult to get up in the morning probably because of _.Ahis own lazinessBhis own energy cycleChis own habit Dhis bad rest at night解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle”可知，Dr. Kleitman认为一个人早上很难起床，可能是因为他有自己的能量循环。13According to the passage, peoples energy peak may come _.Ain the morning Bin the eveningCin the afternoon Dat different hours解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For some people the peak . in the afternoon or evening”可推知，人们的能量顶峰可能会在不同的时间出现。14What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?ALife. BGood habit.CEnergy cycle. DChange.解析：选C代词指代题。根据画线词上文中的“You cant change your energy cycle”的描述可知，此处代词it指代前面提到的能量循环。15If the finding is true, its best to _.Ado your work at the energy peakBmanage to control your temperCwork at the bottom of energy cycleDmanage to keep you clean all day解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“During the hours when you . The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak (顶峰)”的描述可推知，如果这个发现是真的，那么最好在能量顶峰时期做你的工作。.阅读七选五(2019石家庄模拟)How to Be a Good Team LeaderTeamwork is essential in school, sports, and group activities. Being a good team leader involves a lot of skills, but knowing how to relate to your team is one of the most important qualities a good team leader should have.Show respect.As a leader, you will sometimes have to make a decision in a hurry. _16_ Youd better explain clearly why you made the decision and ask for feedback from your team, which shows that you are a leader with respect._17_If some people are a little behind on a project or task, help them. Be patient and spend some time with the individual to ass