浙江省2019年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解题型突破（三）训练.docx

阅读理解题型突破(三)词义猜测题 (A卷)(加彩的题目为词义猜测题，本卷限时22分钟)A(2018金丽衢十二校联考)Every year, Lucky and I enter the “Ice Sculpting (冰雕) for Kids” program in our town.Lucky enters to win.I enter to get out of peeling potatoes for our Thanksgiving dinner at home.The program this year took place last week as usual.Everything went along well in the morning.Lucky made a Mayflower and I made a Turkey.However, when we got back after lunch, something unexpected happened.The mainsail of his Mayflower was lying on the table in a puddle of water.I glanced at my Turkey I had made.It had barely begun to melt!“What happened？” I asked.“Did you bump the table when you left？”“No! I just have rotten luck，” he wailed (哀叹), for the rest of the ship he had made began to melt too.“This cant be just a case of bad luck，” I said, looking around for something that could have caused the destruction.“Something must have happened，” I said.Luckys eyes widened.“You think someone did this on purpose？”I shrugged.“Maybe.It makes more sense than bad luck.”Lucky peered around the room.“Hey，” he whispered.“That kid never left the room for the snack break.Maybe he smashed my Mayflower！”I frowned.“I dont know, Lucky.He doesnt really seem the type.”“Havent you heard the saying Looks_can_be_deceiving？” Lucky said, his voice rising.“He probably broke my ship while everyone was gone！”I stared at the ruined Mayflower and shook my head.“It doesnt look broken, though.It looks more . disintegrated (使分解)Lucky, dont jump to any .”“Im telling on that kid！” Lucky interrupted.He charged off, his face as red as cranberry sauce.“. conclusions，” I said.With a sigh, I turned to the shipwreck and placed the melting mainsail back in its original spot.I held it there, thinking, until my fingers turned as cold as the ice.“Yeowch！” I said, dropping the mainsail and sticking my frozen fingers into my mouth.It was in that instant that the puzzle was solved.语篇解读：每年，作者和他的小伙伴Lucky都会去参加少儿冰雕展，今年也不例外。但是，他们制作好作品后，却发现作品无缘无故的被毁了，他们就此展开了讨论和猜测。1Why does the writer take part in the “Ice Sculpting for Kids” program?AHe wants to beat Lucky to win the prize.BHe hates to celebrate the Thanksgiving Day.CHe wants to avoid working on Thanksgiving Day.DHe wants to peel more potatoes for Thanksgiving Day.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段“I enter to get out of peeling potatoes for our Thanksgiving dinner at home.”可知，作者参加冰雕展就是为了躲避削土豆皮的家务活。故答案选C。2Why did Lucky rush to tell on the kid?ABecause the kid damaged Mayflower on purpose.BBecause Luckys Turkey was damaged by the kid.CBecause the kid was away during their snack break.DBecause the kid was the suspect who ruined their works.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第十段“Lucky said, his voice rising. He probably broke my ship while everyone was gone！”可知，Lucky怀疑是那个小孩趁大家都外出的时候毁了他的小船冰雕。故答案选D。3Which of the following can best replace the underlined saying “Looks can be deceiving”？ANot all that glitters is gold.BNever judge a book by its cover.CA fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.DDo as you would be done by.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据前文“I frowned.I dont know, Lucky.He doesnt really seem the type.”作者认为他看上去不是这种人；Lucky回答了这句话“Havent you heard the saying Looks can be deceiving”，因此Lucky认为外表是会骗人的。故答案选B。4What will the following paragraph probably be about?AThe punishment for the kid.BThe true winner of the program.CThe mystery of the ruined Mayflower.DThe reconstruction of the ruined Mayflower.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段“It was in that instant that the puzzle was solved.”就在这时，这个谜被解开了，接下来文章应该将这个谜底解开，故答案选C。B(2018台州中学统练)In this article, well come to two things invented by women, Liquid Paper and Windshield Wiper.Bette Graham was not a very good typist.Still the high school dropout worked her way to become the executive secretary for the chairman of the board of the Texas Bank and Trust.It was in the 1950s, and the electric type writer was just introduced.Secretaries often found themselves retyping entire pages because of one tiny mistake, as the new models carbon ribbon made it difficult to correct errors.One day, Graham watched workers painting a holiday display on a bank window.She noticed that when they made mistakes, they simply added another layer of paint to cover them up, and thought she could apply that idea to her typing blunders.Graham mixed up a waterbased paint with dye (染料) that matched her companys paper.Then she was able to quickly correct her errors.Soon, the other secretaries were asking for the product, which Graham continued to produce in her kitchen.Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time distributing her product, but she was able to improve her mixture, renamed the product “Liquid Paper” and received a patent in 1958.At the dawn of the 20th century, Mary Anderson went to New York City for the first time.There were no cabs honking, and nor were there thousands of cars rushing in traffic.Cars were quite rare when Anderson took that trip, but the woman from Alabama ended up inventing something that has become standard on every automobile.During her trip, Anderson took a tram (电车) through the snowcovered city.She noticed that the driver had to stop the train every few minutes to wipe the snow off his front window.At the time, all drivers had to do so; rain and snow were thought to be things drivers had to deal with, for they resulted in poor visibility.When she returned home, Anderson developed a squeegee (橡胶刷) attached to a handle inside the car.When the driver needed to clear the glass, he simply pulled on the handle.Anderson received a patent for her device in 1903; just 10 years later, thousands of Americans owned a car with her invention.语篇解读：你知道修正液和汽车的雨刷是怎么来的吗？是谁发明的吗？本文跟我们详细介绍了这两项发明的一些细节。5The underlined word “blunders” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_”Asome kinds of dyeBinventionsCerrors Dlayers of paint解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段中画线词所在的句子可知，她发现当那些工人犯了一些错误后，只是简单地用另一层漆覆盖掉，她觉得她可以把这个技术应用到她的打印错误中去，此处的blunders相当于前面的mistakes。故答案选C。6Which of the following statements is TRUE?ABette Graham once lost her job because of her devotion to her invention.BMary Anderson was a Canadian who moved to work in New York city.CThe popularity of cars in America contributed to Mary Andersons invention.DBoth of the women in the text were great scientists who made great inventions.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中“Graham was fired from her job for her spending too much time distributing her product”可知，因为她花了太多时间在她的产品上，结果她被公司给开除了。故答案选A。7What can we learn from the two inventions in the text?AFailure is the mother of success.BMen make errors so long as they struggle.CGenius only means working hard all ones life.DInspiration from daily life is the source of inventions.解析：选D推理判断题。文章的两个发明都是从日常生活中的一些现象中获得灵感的。故答案选D。C(2018宁波市上学期期末)From a child I was fond of reading, and all the little money that came into my hands was ever laid out in books.Pleased with the Pilgrims Progress, my first collection was of John Bunyans works, in separate little volumes.I afterwards sold them to enable me to buy RBurtons Historical Collections; they were small chapmens books and cheap, 40 or 50 in all.My fathers little library consisted chiefly of books in religion, most of which I read, and have since often regretted that, at a time when I had such a thirst for knowledge; more proper books had not fallen in my way, since I realized that I should not be a clergyman (牧师)Plutarchs Lives there was, in which I read abundantly, and I still think that time spent to great advantage.There was also a book of Defoes, called An Essay on Projects, and another of Dr.Mathers called Essays to Do Good which perhaps gave me a turn of thinking that had an influence on some of the principal future events of my life.This bookish preference at length determined my father to make me a printer, though he had already one son (James) of that profession.In 1717, my brother James returned from England with a press and letters to set up his business in Boston.I liked it much better than that of my father, but still have a thirst for the sea.To prevent the concerned effect of such a desire, my father was impatient to have me bound to my brother.I stood out some time but at last was persuaded, and signed the contract, when I was yet but 12 years old.I was to serve as an apprentice (学徒) till I was 21 years of age, only I was to be allowed journeymans wages during the last year.In a little time I made great proficiency in the business, and became a useful hand to my brother.I_now_had_access_to_better_books.An acquaintance with the apprentices of booksellers, enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean.Often I sat up in my room reading the greatest part of the night, when the book was borrowed in the evening and to be returned early in the morning, in case it should be missed or wanted.And after some time an imaginative tradesman Mr.Matthew Adams who had a pretty collection of books and who visited our printing house frequently took notice of me, invited me to his library, and very kindly lent me such books as I choose to read. From Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin语篇解读：文章取自富兰克林自传。在文中他介绍了自己小时候喜欢读书，读书改变了他的生活。后来，由于父亲的坚持，他从事了印刷业，虽然不是自己的理想，但是他能接触到更多他感兴趣的书，对他的未来影响巨大。8Which of the following does NOT contribute to the authors change of thought?APilgrims Progress BPlutarchs LivesCAn Essay on Projects DEssays to Do Good解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中最后两句话可知，这里提到的三本书都对富兰克林影响巨大，改变了他的想法。故答案选A。9What was the reason that his father made him a printer?AHis father thought he had a gift for painting.BHe liked the printing business better than any other things.CHis brother, as a printer, promised to take good care of him.DHis father worried that his longing for sea might affect his future.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段“. but still have a thirst for the sea.To prevent the concerned effect of such a desire, my father was impatient to have me bound to my brother.”可知，父亲怕我对大海太过感兴趣，而影响我的未来，因此，他迫不及待想让我从事印刷业。故答案选D。10What does the underlined sentence “I now had access to better books.” in Paragraph 3 mean?AMy desire for books was completely satisfied.BI could afford the books that I really preferred.CMy spare time was mostly occupied with reading.DI could read more books which I was interested in.解析：选D句意理解题。根据最后一段“An acquaintance with the apprentices of booksellers, enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean.”以及后文可知，作者由于从事印刷行业，现在有更多的机会接触到他感兴趣的书，并且可以借阅回家去读。故答案选D。阅读理解题型突破(三)词义猜测题 (B卷)(加彩的题目为词义猜测题，本卷限时22分钟)A(2018浙江省名校第二次联考)Sometimes we think that we would be happy if all our dreams come true.However, its the process of achieving our goals and its the road towards our dreams that enriches us and makes us happy.There was a little, but always cranky girl.Everything was bad for her.There werent enough toys or the gifts she was getting were wrong.She wished to meet an enchantress (女巫) that would turn her life a fairy tale.One day an enchantress came to the little girl and said that she would give her the fulfilment of one wish every day.The girl became happy: now all her dreams would come true.She thanked the kind enchantress and ran home.From that day she was waiting for every morning with joy and enthusiasm: because one more dream would come true for her.The days passed, the dreams came true.But soon the little girl realized that fulfilment of the wishes did not give her joy and happiness which she hoped for.Many wishes brought her disappointment, and some even a pain.Almost every dream was an empty little girls caprice (任性)Being satisfied, she suddenly realized that she did not want this.The girl was getting sadder and sadder day by day, and wishfulfilment did not bring any joy to her.Soon she started to fear her own dreams.So the girl went to the kind enchantress and asked her to take her terrible gift back.She was afraid to live and wake up every day, waiting for a coming execution (完成) of another wish.Crying, she asked the enchantress to fulfil only one her dream: to live as she lived before and enjoy life.Kind enchantress had mercy upon the little girl.She waved her magic wand and disappeared.The girl ran home.She was happy, because she knew that now she would painstakingly seek for her one big cherished dream, not wasting time with shortterm, in fact, quite unnecessary whims.语篇解读：是不是实现所有的目标就开心了？显然不是！是在实现目标的过程中，和走在实现目标的路上才能真正使我们觉得开心，有意义。1Why wasnt the girl happy at the very beginning?ABecause she didnt have good toys and gifts.BBecause she was afraid to live and wake up every day.CBecause she was not satisfied with everything around her.DBecause she hadnt met an enchantress that would change her life.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中“Everything was bad for her.There werent enough toys or the gifts she was getting were wrong.”可知小女孩对她周围的一切都不满意，故答案为C。2What does “this” in Paragraph 4 mean?AEvery dream was an empty girls caprice.BHer wishes were fulfilled one by one as time went by.CShe could enjoy her life and chase her dream freely.DThe fulfilment of the wishes didnt give her joy and happiness.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句以及第四段中“But soon the little girl realized . and some even a pain.”可知，每天小女孩都能实现一个愿望，但是她现在突然意识到许多愿望都给她带来失望甚至痛苦，她并非想要这个，也就是“每天都能实现一个愿望”。故答案为B。3According to the passage, well be happy if we _.Ameet a kind enchantressBrealize all our small dreamsClive an extraordinary life and enjoy itDwork hard for one precious dream解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的内容和最后一段中的“She was happy, because she knew that now she would painstakingly seek for her one big cherished dream . quite unnecessary whims.”可知，小女孩意识到了人生只要有一个目标，并为此而付出努力，就可以过得很开心，故答案为D。B(2018浙江省名校第二次联考)“I think Im nothing more than a dead fish.” “I dont want to do anything.” “Im so beat and so sad.” .The young generation in our country used to enjoy their “happy culture” but now they have become “beat and sad” slowly and secretly.Some people even called it “the Beat Culture”The “Beat” youths dont want to do anything.They have no purpose, no desire and they are totally depressed so that they only want to live an aimless life.The “Ge You slouch (葛优瘫)” and the song I feel like having been drained are the examples.Many media concern themselves about this phenomenon and try to persuade the youths into embracing positive and healthy feelings and encourage them to work hard to get rid of decadence.This is really a kind gesture.However, we dont have to worry too much about this “Beat Culture.” In fact, its not a negative thing.“Beat” never means despair, but a way of selfmockery (自嘲) and pressure relief.In general, the youths in China are not “beat”According to a recent international research, the youths in China hold positive attitude towards the future.29% of the Chinese interviewees believe they will live and work in peace in China because “as long as you work hard, you can have your own day”Around 93% of the Chinese interviewees believe the future is promising because of medicine industry, renewable energy sources and computer.Compared with Chinese youngsters, youths in developed countries are more pessimistic (悲观的)Of course there are some social reasons for the appearing of “the Beat Culture”As urbanization develops rapidly, youths living in big cities are facing new challenges that their forefathers have never encountered before.Loneliness and feelings of insignificance and powerlessness are easy to get hold of the young people.Without proper care, they could threaten our mentality and cause many social problems.These problems probably need our attention more.语篇解读：中国的年轻人出现了“垮掉”的症状，一些媒体努力让年轻人拥有积极的心态。但作者看来，这些是社会发展的正常现象，有原因可循，无须担心，中国年轻人并非是垮掉的一代。4“The Beat Culture” includes the following examples EXCEPT that _.Athe young generation dont feel like doing anythingBthe young generation consider themselves dead fishCthe young generation in big cities are facing new challengesDthe young generation enjoy the song I feel like having been drained解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中“I think Im nothing more than a dead fish.” “I dont want to do anything.” “Im so beat and so sad.”以及最后一句可知A、B、D三个选项均是“垮掉”的种种表现，只有C项未提及。故答案选C。5Which word has the most similar meaning with “decadence” in Paragraph 2?ALoneliness.BLaziness.CSufferings. DPessimism.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第二段“try to persuade the youths into embracing positive and healthy feelings .”众多媒体试图说服年轻人要有积极健康的情绪来去除掉decadence可知，此处decadence应该是positive的对立面，根据后文的提示，应该是这种悲观情绪。故答案选D。6What can we learn from the passage?AMost people believe that with hard work, people can have their own day.BThese days, young people suffer much more loneliness than their parents.CChinese youths are more negative than young people in developed countries.DSocial development does bring some pressure to the younger generation.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段对年轻人有这种负面情绪的原因剖析，我们可以知道主要原因是城市化进展的加速，年轻人碰到了他们前人没有碰到的一些问题，这给他们带来了很大的压力。故答案选D。7Whats the main idea of the text?AThe Chinese youths are not the beat generation.BHow does “the Beat Culture” affect the Chinese youth.C“The Beat Culture” is positive to Chinese youngsters.D“The Beat Culture” is popular among the Chinese youngsters.解析：选A主旨大意题。本文从中国的年轻人貌似“垮掉”的现象出发，然后从媒体试图让年轻人拥有积极的生活态度引出作者的观点，作者认为无须担心，因为这些是社会发展的正常现象，而且用证据来证明中国的年轻人其实并没有垮掉。故答案选A。C(2018稽阳联考)A new library in Tianjin Tianjin Binhai Public Library recently became an online hit.The Daily Mail described it as the “worlds ultimate library”， while the word “breathtaking” was the choice of Newsweek magazine.One look at the library and youll see why.With its futuristic design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of every book lover.But as the awe continues, theres a burning question lying in the back of our minds: When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries immune (免除的) from