Unit7不定式和动名词的运用.doc

Unit7 不定式和动名词的运用一、复习1、不定式：to + 动词原形2、动名词：动词ing形式二、不定式的用法1、不定式作主语 动词原形不能作主语，除非加上ing或在前面加to 如： (study) English is very importan.2、不定式作宾语（放在动词后面作宾语） 如：I want (find) a good job. She hopes (read) the famous book.3、不定式作宾语补足语（宾补）（1）不定式作宾语补足语时，一般放在句子的宾语后面，对句子的宾语进行补 充说明。 如：His parents allow him (go) out with his friends today. Our classmates want Mary (take) part in the English speech contest.（2）不定式作宾语补足语时可以省略to 的情况 当句子的谓语动词是使役动词，如make,let,have等，不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to，即：make sb./sth. do sth.使某人/某物做某事let sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事have sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事特殊：get sb./sth. to do sth. 使某人/某物做某事 当句子的谓语动词是感觉动词see,hear,watch,feel 或notice等，不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事 hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事 watch sb. do sth.看见某人做某事 feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做某事 notice sb. do sth.注意某人做某事 如：I saw Jim buy a dog yesterday. I heard you sing a popular song yesterday. （3）不定式作宾语补足语时既可以省略to,也可以不省略to的情况 help do sth. = help to do sth.帮助做某事 help sb. do sth. = help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 如：I usually help my mother clean the house. = I usually help my mother to clean the house. 4、不定式作状语 （1）不定式作目的状语 如：She works hard to achieve her dream. I called you to tell you the good news. (2)不定式作原因状语 如：I am very happy to know you. He feels sad to hear the bad news. (3)不定式作结果状语 如：He was very lucky to find a good job. She is too thin to carry the heavy box. 5、不定式作定语（常放在某一名词或不定代词后面） 常用短语：something to eat/drink一些吃的/喝的东西 have something to do有一些做的事情 the way to do sth.做某事的方法 6、不定式与特殊疑问词连用 常构成what to + 动词原形；when to + 动词原形；how to + 动词原形；where to + 动词原形如：I dont know what to do . 三、动名词的用法 1、stop sb./sth.（from）doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事 prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事 keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事 keep sb./sth. doing sht.保持某人/某物做某事 2、（1）see sb./sth. doing sth. 看见某人/某物正在做某事（强调看见动作正在发生） see sb./sth. do sth.看见某人/某物做某事（强调看见动作的整个过程） （2）hear sb./sth. doing sth. 听见某人/某物正在做某事（强调听见动作正在发生） hear sb./sth. do sht.听见某人/某物做某事（强调听见动作的整个过程） 3、have some difficulty (in) doing sth.在做某事中有困难 have some fun (in) doing sth. 在做某事中过得愉快 spend 时间/钱 (in) doing sth. 花费时间/钱做某事 4、be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 5、（1）do some reading 看书 do much reading 多看书（2）do some running跑步 do some walking 散步 do some washing洗衣服 do some shopping 买东西 do some cleaning 到扫卫生 do some cooking 做饭 6、 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go skating去滑冰 go swimming去游泳 go hiking 去远行 go shopping 去购物 7、reading room阅览室 starting line 起跑线 waiting room 候诊室；等候室 writing brush 毛笔 standing room 立足之地 sleeping car 卧铺车厢 练习 一、根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空 1、Have you ever considered (go) somewhere fascinating this seven-day holiday? 2、You should hold on to (work) hard until your dream comes true. 3、After you work all day, you should spend some time (relax) yourself. 4、Many people who live in the city often go out (breathe) fresh air on weekends. 5、After (pull) the boat out of the river, the students started to walk around the island. 6、The woman told Mr.Mu she didnt know how (encourage) her son to study hard. 7、My mother often practices (dance) at home when she is free. 8、Li Ping, please ask your friends (not bother) the cows. Look,they are eating grass. 9、Mrs Green, its not useful (complain) too much. You should believe everyone has his own trouble. 10、Thank you for (allow) us to have a picnic, Mr Mu. Its very nice of you! 11、 (not do) it like that. 12、“The student who comes to school late should be made (stand) at the front of the classroom.” The teacher said to his students. 13、Many countries are trying to find a good way (slow) down the population increase. 14. Every day the old woman do much sport (improve) themselves. 15. Our captain often helps (look) after our clothes. 16. Mr Cao is busy (repair) his cars at home.Shall we go to help him? 17. They watched their headmaster (get) on the bus just now. 18. The students havent decided when (visit) the natural forest park. 19. When did you let your students (sweep) the street, Mr Zhang? 20. Im very lucky (collect) this beautiful stamp. I have heard of it before. 二、单项选择题 （ ）1. The Smith sending e-mail letters, because it is faster. A.prefer, to writing B.prefer, to write C.prefers, to writing D.prefers, to write （ ） 2. My motheralways tells me out alone at night. A.go B.not go C.not to go D.dont go （ ） 3. We should study the new traffic rules and learn how ourselves. A.protect B.to protect C.protecting D.protected （ ） 4. Please show me the watch that you want . A.it repaired B. to have repaired C.to have it repaired D. to repair it （ ） 5. -Zhang Lan, have you finished the book Harry Potter? -Yes, its interesting. A. read B. write C. writing D. reading （ ） 6. Some boys of Class One enjoy music. A.listen to B. listening C.listening to D.listened to （ ） 7. Ill be sorry Kunming. Ive enjoyed living here. A. to leave B. to live in C. to stay in D. to visit （ ） 8. Would you mind me how English words? A. tell; to remember B.telling; remember C. telling; to remember D.tell; remember （ ） 9. The river smells terrible. People must dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B.be stopped throwing C.stop to throw D.stop from throwing （ ） 10. Its bad for your eyes computer games too much. A. plays B.to play C. play D.playing （ ） 11. - Do you feel like or shall we go by bus? - I prefer to walk, but we have a taxi, for time is short. A.walking; to take B.to walk; take C.walking; taken D.to walk; took （ ） 12. When you leave, dont forget off the light. A.to turn B.turning C.turn D.turned （ ） 13. Stop so much noise! F