从历年真题学英语六级词汇.doc

从历年真题学英语六级词汇(1). With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound,already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. (2008. 06阅读 Text 2)【翻译】随着美元兑换英镑的汇率暴跌至 26 年来的最低点，生活成本已经很高的伦敦着实让人难以承受。【词汇】1. slump v. 大幅度下降，暴跌例：Net profits slumped by 41%. 净利润暴跌了 41%。2. unaffordable a. 买不起的，负担不起的例：The patient had incomplete treatment because of the unaffordablemedical fees. 由于无法负担医疗费用，这位病人无法接受完整的治疗。【语法】“with + n./pron. + v-ing”：这一结构在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作。. The weak dollar is a source of humiliation，for a nationsself-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. (2008. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】美元疲软是一种羞辱，因为一个国家的自尊心有一部分源于本国货币的坚挺。【词汇】1.humiliation n.羞辱例：The result is a total humiliation for him. 结果对他来说完全是一种沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /羞辱。2.self-esteem n.自尊例：Obese people suffer from low self-esteem and depression. 肥胖的人深受自尊心弱、抑郁之苦。【语法】for：因为，由于。表附加或推断的理由，引导的分句前常有逗号，for 分句一般不放在句首。. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower thathas become hostile to foreigners. (2008.06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】许多欧洲人也许会视美国为一个对外国人有敌意的傲慢的超级大国。【词汇】1. arrogant a.傲慢的，自大的例：She was selfish and arrogant. 她很自私、自大。2. superpower n. 超级大国； 超级强权例：The Chinese Government declares that China will never be asuperpower. 中国政府声明中国将永远不做超级大国。3.hostile a.敌对的，怀有敌意的例：The local people are hostile to outsiders. 当地人对外来人有敌意。沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /从历年真题学英语六级词汇(2). We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there wont beenough prizes to go around. (2008.06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】我们对声誉有极度的恐慌，我们担心没有足够的奖赏给每一个人。【词汇】1.full-blown a.完全成熟的，盛开的例：He is a full-blown director. 他是一名成熟的导演。2.prestige n.威望，威信，声誉例：He has high prestige among the masses. 他在群众中很有威信。3.panic n.恐慌，惊恐例：There was a panic when the building caught fire. 这栋大楼起火一度引起恐慌。. Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees mustbe highly valuable. (2008. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】歇斯底里的状态下潜藏的是“稀缺的精英学历必定是非常珍贵的” 这样的一种信念。【词汇】1.hysteria n.歇斯底里，狂暴的情绪例：Eventually the hysteria died down. 狂暴的情绪最终平息了下来。2.scarce a.缺乏的，稀少的，罕见的例：Good fruit is scarce in winter. 好水果在冬天很少见。沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /3.elite n.精英，精华 a.精英的，最优秀的例：He is elite in information technology. 他是信息技术方面的精英。. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. Butits not the only indicator and, paradoxically, its significance is declining.(2008. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】能考入耶鲁大学说明学生有智力、天资和抱负。但这并不是唯一的指标，反常的是，其重要性正在下降。【词汇】1.signify v.表示，意味着，预示例：Dark clouds signify rain. 乌云预示着降雨。2.indicator n.指示器，指标例：Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation. 黄金的价格经常被视为通货膨胀的指示物。3.paradoxically adv.矛盾地，反常地例：Paradoxically, the success was frustrating. 矛盾的是，那次成功让人很沮丧。4.significance n.重要性，意义They didnt realize the significance of the discovery. 他们没有意识到这项发现的重要性。从历年真题学英语六级词汇(3). Sustainable development is applied to just about everything fromenergy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it hasbecome difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it orthe way the concept is put to use. (2008. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】可持续发展被应用到各个领域，从能源到清洁的水到经济发展。因此，很难去怀疑其背后的基本假设或者想法被付诸实践的方法。【词汇】1. sustainable a.可持续的例：Sustainable development is the common target of humans. 可持续发展是全人类的共同目标。2. be applied to被应用于3. question v.对表示怀疑，询问例：The teacher will question us on nouns. 老师将提问我们关于名词的知识。4. assumption n.假定，设想例：The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions. 这个理论是建立在一系列错误的假定之上的。5. concept n.概念，想法例：the concept of social class 社会等级的概念6. put +n. +to use 将付诸实践，利用沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /. Whats more, demand for animal products in developing countriesis growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tonsof grain a year by 2050. (2008. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】另外，发展中国家对动物制品的需求增长极快；到 2050 年，多消耗 3 亿吨的谷物才能满足这一需求。【词汇】1.whats more 连词，另外2. demand +for 对的需求3. meet the demand 满足需求【语法】demand 为主句的主语，for animal products in developingcountries 都是修饰 demand 的；从句中 meeting it 做主语，其中 it 是指主句中的 demand。. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures ofsustainability, which centre on the need to maintain productionwithout increasing damage. (2008. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】关键是要抛弃那些极其简单且一成不变的保持可持续性的方法，那些方法集中于保持产量又不增加破坏。【词汇】1.static a.静止的，不变的例：The price of the product has been static recently. 这件产品的价格近期一直固定不变。2.sustainablity n.可持续性，永续性可以结合.中的形容词记忆，同一词根的词一起记能增加背诵效率。沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /从历年真题学英语六级词汇(4). The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present)in the United States has been creeping upward for years. (2008. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】近几年来，美国移民的百分比（包括哪些非法入境的）一直在缓慢升高。【词汇】1. immigrant n.移民 a. 移民的例：The country has large numbers of immigrant population.2. unlawfully a.非法地，不正当地例：They were unlawfully married. 他们是非法结婚的。3. creep v.爬行，匍匐； 缓慢地前进例：The baby is just learning to creep. 宝宝才刚刚学着爬。. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-calledinferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, inways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation.(2008. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】经过一段时间之后，意大利人，罗马尼亚人还有其他所谓劣等种族的人变成了模范美国人并且对这个伟大的国家做出重要贡献，这些贡献太多以至于不能详述。【词汇】1. In time a.最后，经过一段时间后，及时2. inferior a.（质量等）低劣的，下等的；（位置在）下面的例：to make someone feel inferior 是某人自惭形秽3. exemplary a.模范的，典型的例：His behavior was exemplary. 他的行为堪称楷模。4. numerous a.许多的，数不清的例：She has been late on numerous occasions. 她已经迟到无数次了。5. magnificent a.壮丽的，宏伟的例：The magnificent sights attract hundreds of people to come. 壮丽的景色吸引了成千上万的人前来。. Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in thefootsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community maybecome mired in a seemingly permanent state of poverty andunderachievement. (2008.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】泰尔斯担心墨西哥裔美国人命中注定会跟随美国黑人的脚步，团体中的大部分人都会陷入一个似乎是永久的贫困和低成就的状态。【词汇】1. be fated to 命中注定2. community n.社区，社会团体例：The local community was worried about his disappearance. 当地社区对他的失踪感到担忧。3. mire v.深陷例：I am mired in confusion. 我深陷在迷惑之中。4. permanent a.永久的，持久的例：He is looking for a permanent position. 他在寻找一个永久的职业。5. underachievement n. 低成就从历年真题学英语六级词汇(5). A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect theirprime nesting sites on the Atlantic coastlines. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】我们已经建立了强大的政府机构来保护它们在大西洋沿岸的主要巢穴。【词汇】1. formidable a.强大的，可怕的，令人敬畏的例：We have a formidable task ahead of us. 我们面临着一项艰巨的任务。2. bureaucracy n.官僚主义，官僚机构例：People usually complain about the bureaucracy. 人们常常抱怨官僚主义。3. erect v.建立，使竖直例：The building was erected in 1910-1915. 这栋建筑是在 1910 年到1915 年间建造的。4. prime a.最好的，主要的，基本的例：He is the prime suspect. 他是主要嫌疑人。. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from threatened to endangered-meaning they are in danger ofdisappearing without additional help. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】这些数字促使海洋环境保护组织向政府请愿要求将北大西洋的红海龟的保护等级从“近危”升级到“濒危”，这意味着如果没有进一步帮助，他们即将灭绝。【词汇】1. prompt v.提示，促进，唤起Her curiosity prompts her to ask questions. 她的好奇心促使她提问。2. petition v.向请愿，请求例：He petitions his neighbor to turn down the radio. 他请求他的邻居把收音机音量调小点。3. upgrade v.升级，提高，改善例：You need to upgrade your player. 你需要升级你的播放器。. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs arebeing squeezed on one side by development and on the other by thethreat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (2009. 06 阅读 Text 2)【翻译】一方面是由于发展，另一方面是海平面逐渐升高，海洋变暖，所以供海龟产卵的本就狭窄的海滩越来越窄。【词汇】1. strip n.条状，长条例：The kid decorated the present with a silk strip. 这孩子用一根丝带装饰了礼物。2. squeeze v.挤，捏，压迫例：Tom squeezed the bottle, and the water rushed out. 汤姆挤压了瓶子，里面的水就喷出来了。【语法】beach on which the turtles lay their eggson which 引导的是一个定语从句，先行词是 beach，介词+which = where，这里的介词要根据动词来选择，此处是 lay their eggs on the beach，故用 on。从历年真题学英语六级词汇(6) . Since December, when the report came out, the mayor,neighborhood activists and various parent-teacher associations haveengaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of thesteel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobsversus childrens health and over what, if anything, ought to be done.(2009.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】从 12 月的新闻报道出来之后，市长、街区活跃分子、各种各样的家长老师联合会都参与到了一场激烈的争论其合法性的战争中：争论小镇西边的钢铸件厂的罪责，争论到底是工会工作重要还是孩子的健康重要，争论到底我们能做什么、该做些什么。【词汇】1. activist n.积极分子，活动分子例：He is an activist in the union jobs. 他是工会工作中的积极分子。2. be engaged in从事，致力于例：Im engaged in writing a letter. 我忙着写信。3. validity n.合法性，正确性，有效性例：I have some questions about the validity of his statement. 我对他的陈述的合法性有些疑问。4. versus prep.对抗，与相对，可简写为：VS例：The most exciting game was Brazil versus Spain. 最激动人心的比赛时巴西队对西班牙队。【语法】三个连续的“over”形成排比句，与 battle 相连，组成 a fiercebattle over关于的战争。. A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervousparents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning thanfrom toxic chemical exposure. (2009.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】2004 年儿科杂志的一篇报道解释说：比起暴露在有毒化学物质中，家长更害怕火灾，交通事故和溺水。【词汇】1. pediatrics n.儿科学例：He received a Masters degree of pediatrics. 他获得了儿科学硕士学位。2. toxic a.有毒的例：The flower is toxic.这种花有毒。3.exposure n.暴露，揭发，公开例：Exposure of the skin to the strong sunlight may lead to skin cancer.皮肤受阳光暴晒可能会导致皮肤癌。. Crippling health care bills, long emergency room waits and theinability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of theproblems that patients face daily. (2009.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】巨额的医疗费用，急症室外漫长的等待，以及初级护理医生的匮乏，这些只是病人每天面对的种种问题的冰山一角。【词汇】1. crippling a.有严重后果的，此指费用高昂的例：He was burdened with crippling debts. 他负债累累。2. inability n.无能，无力例：He feels upset about the inability to speak English. 他对于自己不会说英语感到很苦恼。3. physician n.内科医生；而 surgeon 指外科医生4. scratch n.抓痕，乱写，起跑线例：Theres a scratch on the side of my car. 我汽车的侧面有一道划痕。从历年真题学英语六级词汇(7). The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, thebetter hes reimbursed. Moreover, the amount a physician receivesleans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. (2009.12 阅读Text3)【翻译】不管质量或者结果如何，内科医生做得越多，他获得的返还沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /费用越多 。另外，返还费用的多少很大一部分是靠医疗或外科手术。【词汇】1. regardless of不管，不考虑2.reimburse v.偿还，报销，赔偿例：We will reimburse our customers for their loss. 我们会赔偿我们顾客的任何损失。3. surgical a.外科的，外科医生的，外科手术的例：surgical operations 外科手术4. procedure n.程序，手续，步骤例：All of our procedures are legal. 我们所有的手续都是符合法律规定的。. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgivingstudent loans for those who choose primary care as a career andreconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary carephysician salaries. （2009.12 阅读 Text3）【翻译】通过减免选择初级护理作为职业的学生的助学贷款、减少专科医生与初级护理内科医生之间明显的工资差距等让初级护理对医科学生更具吸引。【词汇】1. reconcile v.调和，和解，一致例：We finally reconciled when he apologized. 他道歉之后我们就和解了。2. specialist n.专科医生，专家例：He is a specialist in cosmetic surgery. 他是整形手术的专家。【语法】1. choose sth. as将选择作为2. by doing + n. 这里的 by 表方式，意味：通过的方式，后文“forgiving”和“reconciling”可以看出都是跟随 by 的，分析此句是可以注意。. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomerswill become eligible for Medicare. (2009.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】几年之内，第一波 7600 万的婴儿潮一代即将步入老年医保行列。【词汇】1. Baby Boomers n.那些在第二次大战后大约二十年期间（1946-1965）出生的人； 婴儿潮时期出生的人2. eligible a.合适的，有资格当选的例：He is eligible to apply for the membership of the association. 他有资格申请加入这个协会。3. Medicare n.（美国）医疗保险制度例：The Medicare cost is estimated to be one billion dollars. 医疗保险制度估计要花费十亿美元。沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /从历年真题学英语六级词汇(8). Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce andother business groups fought it bitterly, describing it asgovernment-run personnel management and a dangerousprecedent. (2010.06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】虽然的确有益处，但商会和其他商业团体都强烈反对，将其形容为“政府运行、自我管理的”、一个“危险的先例”。【词汇】1. modesty n.谦虚，中肯，端庄例：Modesty helps one make progress. 谦虚使人进步。2.chamber n.会客室，议事厅例：The lawyer is in the chamber. 律师现在在会议厅里。3. precedent n.先例例：There is no precedent for this case. 这起案件没有先例。. Society expectsand needsparents to provide their children withcontinuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that humanbeings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moralcapabilities. (2010.06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】社会期待、同时也要求父母为他们的孩子提供持续的照顾，也就是人类智力、情感、道德能力发展所需要的彻底的、亲密的关爱。【词汇】1. continuity n.连续性，继续例：There is no continuity between the two passages. 这两个段落之间没有连贯性。2. intensive a.密集的，彻底的，强烈的例：The result was based on an intensive research. 这个结论是建立在一项彻底的调查上的。3. intimate a.亲密的，私人的例：We are intimate friends.4. intellectual a.智力的，聪明的，需要智力的例：Chess is a highly intellectual game. 象棋是一项需要高智慧的比赛项目。. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, forthe obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgentbut essential for the future of society. (2010.06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】换句话说，家长的所作所为对于国家深切关注的，显而易见地，是因为照顾孩子不仅仅是道德上所必须的，同时也是社会未来的基础。【词汇】1. obvious a.明显的例：It is obvious that he loves her. 很明显，他爱她。2. urgent a.紧急的，急迫的，坚持要求的例：There is an urgent need for medicine in the earthquake-strickenareas. 地震灾区急需药物。3. essential a.必须的，重要的沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /例：Water is essential for human beings. 水是人类的必需品。【语法】1. “be of +抽象名词(词组)”表示主语的某种形状或特征，相当于 be+形容词例：be of value=be valuable；be of interest=be interesting；be ofimportance= be important从历年真题学英语六级词汇(9). Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy,and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine andimply weakness. (2010.12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】因此，男孩子们便早早地学会了隐藏诸如爱、喜悦、悲伤等的脆弱的情绪，因为他们认为这些情绪是女性化的，而且意味着软弱。【词汇】1.vulnerable a.脆弱的，易受伤的例：Children are vulnerable members of our society. 孩子是社会的弱势群体。2. feminine a.有女性特质的，阴柔的例：You look very feminine in this dress. 你穿这条裙子看上去非常有女人味。3. imply a.暗含，意味，说明例：What did he imply in his words? 他的话意味着什么？. It seems that men with traditional views of masculinity are morelikely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedlybecause such feelings may lead to a loss of composure (镇定). (2010.12阅读 Text1)【翻译】对男子气概有传统观念的男人更可能压抑自己不将情绪外露且害怕情绪，这可能是因为这些情绪可能导致他们情感失控。【词汇】1. masculinity n. 男子气概例：People see sports as a way to show masculinity. 人们将体育运动视为展现男子气概的一种方法。2. suppress v.压抑，镇压例：The young girl couldnt suppress a smile. 年轻女孩忍不住笑了出来。3. outward a.向外的，表面的例：In spite of his outward calm, he is very excited. 虽然他看上去很平静，但他其实非常激动。4. composure n.镇静，沉着例：He retained composure in such a crisis. 他在这样的危机中始终保持沉着。. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms reportlower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. (2010.12阅读 Text1)沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /【翻译】举例来说，据报道，支持传统男性标准的男性的感情关系满意度较低 而他们的另一半也是如此。【词汇】1. endorse v.支持，赞成例：I afraid I can endorse your opinion. 恐怕我不能赞成你的观点。2. masculine a.男子气概的，男性化的例：Her voice sounds quite masculine. 她的声音听上去相当男性化。3. norm n.标准，规范例：There are the commonly accepted norms of behavior. 这些都是被普遍接受的行为准则。从历年真题学英语六级词汇(10). Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence ofmany people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperousand ordered world. (2010.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】两次世界大战和一次大萧条动摇了很多人对于单凭科学知识就可以创造一个繁荣、有序的世界的自信心。【词汇】1. depression n.衰弱， 减缓，沮丧例：Many people became unemployed during the depression. 经济萧条时期，很多人都失业了。2. expertise n.专门的知识或技能例：She has the expertise in the Management Science. 她有管理学的专业知识。3. prosperous a.繁荣的例：The district is becoming more and more prosperous. 这地区越来越繁荣了。. After World War , the academic world turned with newenthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars thebest way to ensure the survival of democracy. (2010.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】第二次世界大战之后，学术界热情地转向人文主义研究，这对很多学者而言是来确保民主继续存在的最好的方法【词汇】1. enthusiasm n.热情，热忱例：I admire her enthusiasm. 我很欣赏她的热情。2. humanistic a.人文主义的，人道主义的例：Humanistic education is important to children. 人文主义教育对孩子来说非常重要。3. scholar n.学者例：I will visit the famous scholar tomorrow. 明天我会去拜访那位著名学者。4. democracy n.民主主义，民主国家例：the principles of democracy 民主原则. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by thegovernment and the foundations but by academic institutionsthemselves. (2010.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】人文学科严重资金不足，不仅缺少来自政府和基金会的资金支持，而且学术组织自身内部也资金不足。【词汇】1. humanistic disciplines 人文学科2.underfunded a.资金不足的3.foundation n.基金会，基础例：the National Foundation for Educational Research 全国教育研究基金会4. institution n.机构，制度，建立例：It is a charitable institution for the education of orphaned children.这个一个致力于孤儿慈善教育的机构。从历年真题学英语六级词汇(11). At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one keyquestion: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? (2011.06 阅读Text2)【翻译】非法移民问题的争论核心是一个重要的问题：移民是否对经济有利？【词汇】1. debate n.辩论，争论，讨论例：After a long debate, they reached an agreement. 经过长时间的讨论，他们达成了一致。2. immigration n.移居，移民例：Immigration to America has slowed. 移民美国的速度有所减缓。3. immigrant n.移民，侨民There are many Chinese immigrants in America. 美国有许多中国移民。【语法】此处出现了全部倒装，具体可点击超链接了解。. So why is there such a discrepancy between the perception ofimmigrants impact on the economy and the reality? (2011.06 阅读Text2)【翻译】那么为什么关于移民对经济的影响的看法与现实有那么多的差异？【词汇】1. discrepancy n.差异，分歧，不一致例：There is a discrepancy in the two reports. 这两个报告里有一个不一致的地方。2. perception n.感知，认识，看法，洞察力例：He is interested in my perception of this matter. 他对我对此事的看法很感兴趣。3. impact n.影响力，冲击力例：The earthquake had a disastrous impact on the people in that area.沪江英语原创：从历年真题学英语六级词汇 /地震对该地区的人民造成了灾难性的影响。 . Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however,opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers ofimmigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried themmost, in other words, was the fiscal bur