美剧《权力的游戏》能学到的管理知识.docx

美剧权力的游戏能学到的管理知识所有肩负重任、在残酷的商海竞争中浮沉的经理人们，请注意了。成功秘诀就藏在HBO的奇幻题材连续剧权力的游戏(Game of Thrones)中：在这部电视剧中，一个人要么获胜，要么只能倒在长枪下。As we prepare for Sundays third season premiere, lets consider the rival claimants, power brokers, and schemers in the show based on George R.R. Martins A Song of Ice and Fire book series. What can todays manager learn from these feuding fantasy clans? Quite a lot, actually. Here are five key leadership lessons we can draw from their trials.三月底，这部根据乔治马丁的奇幻小说冰与火之歌(A Song of Ice and Fire)改编的电视剧迎来了第三季的首播。在此，不妨让我们来看看剧中的敌我对手、权力掮客和阴谋家们。职业经理人能从这些奇幻的部族争斗中学到些什么?太多了。我们可以从他们的磨难中学到下述5条领导经验：Spoiler alert: For the Johnny-come-latelies who havent finished season two, you have been warned.剧透警告：如果你还没有看完第二季，请慎看。Determine which promises you cant afford to break确定哪些承诺必须恪守In a chaotic world, promises matter. Just ask Jaime Kingslayer Lannister, the guy with the worst exit interview in Westeros. After swearing an oath to protect the last Targaryen king, Jaime stabbed his employer in the back. Literally. Granted, that particular CEO was a maniac who set people on fire. But once a reputation for honesty is tainted, theres no going back.承诺在一个混乱的世界中很重要。这事只要问问“弑君者”詹姆兰尼斯特。这家伙在“日落国度”维斯特洛(Westeros)的离职面谈最不堪。詹姆刚 刚还信誓旦旦地要保护坦格利安最后一位国王，话音未落,他就从背后捅了自己的老板一刀。事实就是这样。当然，那位CEO是一个人人难以忍受的疯子。但诚实 的名声一旦受到玷污，便很难修复。In Game of Thrones, as in life, oath-breaking can create strategic liabilities. Consider Robb Stark, who throughout the second season leans heavily on a web of contractual dependencies, most notably to Lord Walder Frey, an Ebenezer Scrooge lookalike who controls the only land access between Robbs kingdom in the north and the fighting in the south. Frey can scissor Robbs supply lines at will. The only guarantee that he wont is Robbs commitment to marry Freys daughter. Robb violates the contract at the end of the second season when he falls for, and marries, a Red Cross volunteer. Lord Frey will not be pleased. Before breaching a contract, be certain you can bear the cost.和现实生活中一样，在权力的游戏中通过发誓可以建立战略责任。例如，罗伯斯塔克在整个第二季中都高度依赖契约联盟，特别是酷似埃比尼泽斯克鲁 奇的沃尔德弗瑞公爵。弗瑞控制着北方罗伯王国与南境雄兵之间唯一的土地连接地带，可以随时切断罗伯的供应线。弗瑞承诺可以不这么干，唯一的条件是罗伯答 应与他的女儿结婚。第二季结束时，罗伯违反了契约，爱上了维斯特林家族的简妮维斯特林，还和她结了婚。弗瑞公爵自然不高兴。所以，违反一项契约前，要确 定你能承受违约的代价。Protect your strongest assets保护最宝贵的资产Every upstart needs capital. While exiled princess Daenarys Targaryen may ultimately emerge as a winner in the game of thrones, she spent season two as a cash-strapped entrepreneur. Given her dragons long maturation time - theyre about the size of Easter hams - they are a few seasons away from being the kind of force multipliers that will attract investment. As a result, the khaleesi awkwardly attempts to raise unsecured loans from the merchant kings of Qarth. The wily lot may be excused for not jumping at the Mother of Dragons elevator pitch. A scraggly band of followers, a tenuous claim to a distant throne, and no business plan are not exactly music to a venture capitalists ears.每个新贵都需要资本。虽然流亡公主丹妮莉丝坦格利安最终可能是权力游戏的赢家，但在第二季她就像是一个捉襟见肘的企业家。由于她的龙群需要很长的时 间长大现在的它们就像复活节火腿那么大还需要有几季，它们才能成为生力军，引来投资。因此，这位公主艰难地试图从Qarth的商人之王那里筹集无 担保贷款。这群狡猾的家伙没有欣然接受龙之母的电梯推销，或许情有可原。一群参差不齐的追随者，渺茫的复辟希望，语焉不详的商业计划，这些都难以让风险投 资人感兴趣。Yet in spite of Daenaryss weak bargaining position, she avoids bad terms. By the end of season two, she has successfully navigated Qarths den of vipers - the most venomous, it turns out, being the man who promised her immense wealth in return for her hand in marriage. In Game of Thrones dynastic world, marriage is merger. Aside from the dragons, being single is Daenaryss most valuable asset, one shes careful not to give away. This caution bears fruit. When it turns out that her disingenuous suitors vaults are, in fact, empty, Daenarys learns the importance of scrutinizing a potential partners balance sheet.尽管丹妮莉丝在谈判中处于弱势，但她还是努力避免了陷于不利境地。第二季结束时，她已经成功穿过了Qarth的蝰蛇洞最毒的蝰蛇就是那个曾许以她 巨大财富、希望娶她的男人。权力的游戏描绘的王朝世界中，婚姻就是合并。除了龙群，单身是丹妮莉丝最宝贵的资产，就是不轻易许人。这种谨慎得到了回 报。丹妮莉丝发现，这位虚伪的追求者金库里空空如也。这时，她懂得了严格审查一位潜在合伙人资产负债表的重要性。Cultivate middle management培养中层管理者A CEO cant be everywhere. In a world without videoconferencing - and where note-carrying ravens are a slow (though bizarrely reliable) precursor to email - its tough to keep an eye on your investments. The solution is in delegation.CEO不可能无时不刻都在。在一个没有视频会议、依赖飞鸽传信(可靠性之高令人惊异)的世界中，很难时刻盯牢自己的投资。解决方案就是授权。The best leaders in the Seven Kingdoms have an eye for talent. The most inspired act of executive recruitment? Tywin Lannister naming his son Tyrion as acting Kings Hand.七大王国中最好的领导者具有发掘人才的慧眼。最出色的高管招募是哪一位?泰温兰尼斯特。他提名自己的儿子提利昂为代理御前首相。Tyrion runs Kings Landing like a turnaround expert. He is a master of radical adaptation, particularly in his creative deployment of wildfire. A previously shuttered R&D program, wildfire is a tactical nuke crossed with a Zippo lighter. Tyrion spots an opportunity for a new product launch. The result: a disruptive innovation that largely destroys his enemys fleet.提利昂管理起君临城(Kings Landing)来就像是一位扭转乾坤的专家。他大刀阔斧地革故鼎新，特别是创造性地运用了希腊火。希腊火这个曾经被搁置的研发项目，加上一个Zippo 打火机，堪比战术核武器。提利昂发现了一个推出新产品的机会。结果：一项颠覆性的创新基本上摧毁了敌方舰队。But how do you hold on to top talent, especially when theyre being poached by shifty competitors? Offering competitive compensation is only part of it. In Tyrions case, hes fully vested in Lannister, Inc., and his fortunes will rise and fall with the management.但如何才能留住一流人才，特别是面临竞争对手暗地挖角的时候?提供有竞争力的薪酬只是一部分。就提利昂而言，他完全归属于兰尼斯特这一家族企业，他的命运起伏系于管理好坏。When a delicate alignment of interests breaks down, leaders face a principal-agent problem: An ambitious hireling may end up pursuing his own interests over his employers. In the second season, Robb Stark trusts in his personal relationship with Theon Greyjoy, who ventures off to the Iron Islands to recruit his kin to aid the North. But in a grim pivot, Theon turns his cloak, leading a war party to capture Robbs capital.一旦微妙的利益平衡被打破，领导者们会面临委托人-代理人矛盾：雄心勃勃的雇工可能最终将自己的利益凌驾于雇主之上。第二季中，罗伯斯塔克信赖与席恩 葛雷乔伊的个人关系，后者曾冒险跑到铁群岛去招募亲戚，协助罗伯的北方之国。但经过一番痛苦的挣扎，席恩变节，引入敌军，侵吞了罗伯的资产。Be wary of external hires外部雇人要谨慎The best executives are promoted from within. They understand their institution and its personalities. Robb Stark is exemplary. He tames recalcitrant board members through a mixture of personal appeal, strong-arming, and ego massage. Intimate knowledge of the Stark organization makes possible Robbs consultative style of leadership.最好的管理者是从内部提拔上来的。他们了解所处的环境和人员。罗伯斯塔克就是一个典型。他通过个人魅力、铁腕手段以及嘉许肯定，驯服了不听话的董事会成员。斯塔克对组织成员了如指掌，因此，他的洽商式领导才成为可能。By contrast, consider Theon Greyjoy. A job-hopper from the Stark camp hired as a junior executive for Pyke, Theon is derided as an outsider by his men. Consequently, Theons policies are designed not for long-term strategic purposes, but to earn his teams respect. This slide into institutional insularity leads him to brutally execute an old friend, Rodrik Cassel, and to claim (falsely) to have killed his foster brothers, Bran and Rikkon. Theon grabs headlines but cant secure market share. This does not delight shareholders - and in Westeros, theres no such thing as a golden parachute.与之形成对比的是席恩葛雷乔伊。这位斯塔克阵营的叛逃者受雇成为派克(Pyke)的一位低级官员，被底下人嘲笑为外来户。因此，席恩的政策不是着眼 于长期战略考虑，而是更注重如何建立团队的声誉。陷入这样的组织狭隘，导致他残忍地处决了一位老朋友罗德利克凯索，(假)称他杀害了同奶兄弟布莱恩和瑞 肯。席恩虽然吸引了媒体的关注，但却无法获得市场份额。这样不会让股东满意而在维斯特洛，并没有金色降落伞这样的东西。Being right is not enough光是正确还不够This is the Ned Stark Rule. Honor, mercy, and fairness will not protect you against your rivals. Though one of the most popular characters in season one, Ned was a colossal failure as Kings Hand to Robert Baratheon. He was too focused on institutional legitimacy. He expected others to put aside their interests and respect precedent. As a result, he ended up dead, with his family endangered. As Stannis Baratheon learns, being right means nothing when you lack the resources to back it up.这就是内德斯塔克规则。荣誉、宽容和公平不会保护你免受对手伤害。虽然内德在第一季中是最受欢迎的人物之一，但他作为罗伯特拜拉席恩的御前首相却 是一个巨大的失败。他太专注于机构合法性。他期待其他人将自己的利益放在一边，遵照先例。结果，他死了，他的家人也几乎被赶尽杀绝。正如史坦尼斯拜拉席 恩认识到的那样，如果缺乏必要的资源提供支持，“正确”就什么也不是。Yet muscle isnt enough either. While King Joffrey sits on the Iron Throne and has the manpower to enforce his rule, his legitimacy as a leader is in question. This is partly due to doubts about hi