必修一Unit4知识点总结.doc

一、 单词1. rise(1) v. 上升；升涨The river has risen by three metres.(2) n. 升高，提高I am reading a book about the rise and fall of the Rome Empire.拓展：比较rise 和raise1. The sun has not yet risen. 2. The chairman rose from his chair.3. We must raise the living standard of people.4. She raised the gun and fired.5. They can raise rice here.Raise pigs 饲养猪 raise money 捐钱 raise wheat 种植小麦Raise a question提出问题 raise a shout 发出叫喊声练习In those years, the cost of living _ by nearly 4%.A. raised B. rose C. stayed D. kept2. ruin （1） n. pl 废墟；U 毁灭，毁坏(be/lie) in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪bringto ruin 使毁灭，使没落All the towns were in ruins after the earthquake.The castle was in ruins.What has brought his hope to ruin?AD 476 saw the ruin of the Roman Empire.(2) vt. 毁灭，毁坏；使破产The big flood not only ruined the crops, but also left the whole town in ruins.If you go on like this, youll ruin yourself.练习1. The war meant the _ of all our hope and our family was brought to _ because of it.A. ruins; ruins B. ruin; ruins C. ruins; ruin D. ruin; ruin2. The house across the street are _, but they were in good condition a few years ago. A. in rows B. in ruins C. in danger D. in trouble3. 用ruin的正确形式填空 We visited the _ of Yuanmingyuan last summer. It _ by the foreign invaders. Seeing the _palace we felt very sad.3. burst burst, burst; bursting 爆裂；爆发(1) 爆裂 Eg. Water pipes often burst in cold weather. The red balloon suddenly burst.(2) burst into sth.burst out doing sth. 突然起来 burst into tears/laughter= burst our crying/laughingeg. On hearing the news, Mary burst into laughter while Lucy burst out crying.(3) burst in 闯进来；burst in on sb./sth. 突然打断，打乱burst into some place 突然闯入 Eg. When we were chatting in the room, he burst in.Dont burst in on the meeting. 爆裂 突然大哭 闯入练习1. Every time _he thought of his past, he couldnt help bursting _.A. when; out tears B. that; into crying C. which; into tears D. /; out crying2. On seeing Jay Chou appear on the stage, the audience _ cheering. A. burst on B. burst into C. burst in D. burst out3. Yesterday evening I was watching TV at home when the front door _(突然开了)。 My neighbor _(突然闯入) my room. He was out of breath, saying that his newly-bought bike was lost. A _(迸发，爆发) of anger appeared on his face while he was talking about the bike. Finally, he _(突然大哭起来) . What should I do ? I had to go to the police station with him.4. shock (1) v. 震惊，惊愕He was shocked at her smoking.I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.It shocked me to see my neighbors treat their children in that way.(2) n. 休克；震惊；令人震惊的事The news of his death came as a shock to us all.I still havent got over the shock of seeing him again.He isnt seriously injured but he is in a state of shock.shocked adj. shocking adj.巧学妙计他的母亲听到这消息感到震惊。His mother was shocked to hear the news.His mother was shocked at the news.It shocked his mother to hear the news.The news gave his mother a shock.练习1.-Why are you looking at them in a _ expression? -dont you think the question_? A. shocking; shocking B. shocked; shocked C. shocking; shocked D. shocked; shocking2. 用shock 的正确形式填空 1） All of the people present felt _at the _news. 2) He was _to hear that his wife died in a traffic accident. The news was a terrible _to him.5. bury (1) 埋葬；掩盖;掩藏Bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面He was buried in his hometown.He had learnt to bury his feelings.The pirates(海盗)buried their treasure. (2) 使沉浸，使专心，使陷入 be buried in bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于 be buried in thought= be lost in thought 陷入沉思 He was buried in a novel, so he didnt notice me come in. Jerry always buries himself in study.拓展 表示“专心于”的其他短语Be devoted to, be absorbed in, be lost in, be occupied in, concentrate on, fix ones attention on练习1. _ myself in the newspaper, I didnt notice what was happening.A. Having buried B. Burying C. Buried D. To be buried2. 完成句子 1)Their ambitions were finally dead and _(埋葬). 2) Since she left, he has _ _ _ (全心扑在) his work.二、短语1. at an end 结束，终结 Be patient. His speech will be at an end soon. The long hot summer was at last at an end.关于end 的短语At the end of在的尽头/末端（指时间、地点等）By then end of在末之前（指时间，常与完成时连用）In the end 最后，终于 =finally/eventually/at lastCome to an end 结束 end up (with) 结束Make ends meet 使收支相抵，使收支平衡 put to an end 使某事结束/终止练习1. _, the headmaster rose to declare that the conversation was _. A. At an end; in an end B. In the end; at an end C. In an end; at the end D. At an end; in the end2. 用适当的介词填空 1） The First World War was _ an end in 1918. 2) My friend is waiting for me _ the end of the road. 3) _ the end of last month we had completed the work. 4) _ the end, we got to the top of the mountain.2. think little of 不把当回事，不重视 He thinks little of what his parents said. Its wrong to think little of everything.归纳总结think highly /well/much of =speak highly of think badly /poorly ofthink nothing /little of sth.3. a number of A great /large number of tourists visit London every year. A number of students are playing on the playground. The number of the students there is at least over 100.表示“许多，大量”的短语A large/great /good number ofA great/good many +可数名词复数A good few/quite a fewMany a More than one +可数名词单数（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）A great /good deal ofA great /large amount of +不可数名词Great /large amounts ofQuite a littleA lot of/lots ofA large quantity of +可数名词复数/不可数名词Large quantities ofPlenty ofLarge quantities of/large amounts of 作主语时，谓语动词用复数；a large quantity of做主语时，谓语动词的数由of 后的名词决定。练习1. The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students has grown too _.A. small B. few C. large D. many2. -Why does the lake smell terrible?- Because large quantities of water_.A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted三、重点句型1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Jimmy is too young to go to school. He walks too slowly to get there on time.tooto的其他结构1. tooto结构中含有not, never等否定词时,表示“无论.也不过分，去做不太”。We are never too old to learn.2. too 后跟的是glad, eager, happy, ready 等表示主语的态度、情感的形容词时，表示肯定意义。He was too anxious to do this job.I am too eager to travel around the world.练习The shop manager always says to her assistants, “we can never be_ polite to our customers.A. so B. more C. too D. that2. All hope was not lost. All the students did not go to see the movie “Under the Hawthorn Tree”.= Not all the students went to see the movie “Under the Hawthorn Tree”. Every boy is not interested in sports.= not every boy is interested in sports. Both of the two math problems are n