Unit7.名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句 1. 为什么叫名词性从句？ _ 整个从句相当于一个名词 比较:The man looked around. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. 同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质 I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room 2. 为什么要有名词性从句？ 那人看了看四周. (名词作主语) 那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望. (从句作主语) 我知道他在房间里写作文. 从句的特征: 是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分 (that 除外 ) 名词能做的成分,从句都能 做 从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多 Text book P167 名词性从句 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 主语从句在句中做- 宾语从句在句中做- 表语从句在句中做- 同位语从句在句中- 主语宾语 表语同位语 1. That he will come is certain. 2. I know that he will come. 3. The truth is that I have been there. 4. The fact that she was late surprised us. 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 主语从句 that whether who whom whose what which when where why how 从 句 引导词: 1. That he knows Japanese is known to all. 他懂英语,这一点大家都知道 令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他. 3. When he will come is unknown . 4. Whether he is coming doesnt matter much. 他来不来没什么要紧的 他什么时候来不清楚. 他们是怎么登上山顶的仍是个秘密. 5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain. 主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It 主语太长了!放到句尾 That无词义,不可省略 What “什么”, “所.的 ” 2. What surprised me was to see him here . When “什么时候” 主语从句不用 if 位于句首 It 作主语的常用句型有: 1. It + be +形容词 + that 从句 2. It + be +名称词组(duty/pity) + that 从句 3. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought) + that 从句 4. It +不及物动词(seem/happen) + that 从句 It is a pity that we cant go swimming. It is said that he told her everything. It happened that I was out that day. It is certain that he will do well in the exam. 1.真可惜我们不能去游泳. 2.碰巧那天我外出了. 3.他考试肯定会考好. 4.据说他已告诉了她一切. 注意: It looked that he was right. ( ) 可以说: It looks as if. happen只有 it 句型 It is said只有 it 句型 用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构 1. It is clear (necessary, important, possible,remarkable that 很清楚（必要, 重要,可能, 值得注意等) 2. It is a fact (a good thing, good news) that 事实是 ( 好事是,好消息是) 3. It is well-known ( reported, recorded, estimated,said, believed) that众所周知( 据报道,据记载,据说,据估计 ) 4. It turns out ( seems, happens, appears) that 结果 是 ( 似乎是, 碰巧是, 好象是) 5. It has been found (has been proved,can be seen,must be pointed out) that 已发现( 已证明,可以看出,需指出 ) 表语从句从 句 同主语从句 (11个), 外加as if / 引导词: as though, 1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside. 2. The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday. 3. It looks as if it were going to rain. 实际情况是他从未去过农村. that 一般不省略 问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验. 表语从句不用 if 好象看上去要下雨似的. (其实不会) as if /as though从句常表示 不真实的情况 She talks as if /as though she had been there before . 她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿似的. 又比如 : 4. This school is no longer what it was before. 这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that More 系动词后面 注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法 1. This is where Lu Xun once lived. 2. That was how they won the match. 3. This is why she got up so early this morning. 这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方. 他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的. 这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因. 1.我们就是这样克服困难的. 2.那就是他昨天缺席的原因. 3.这就是我们上星期碰头的地方. This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties. That is why he was absent yesterday. This is where we met last Sunday. 固定句型: This is where This is why This is how. 这就是的地方 这就是的原因 这就是的方法 宾语从句 Im not sure why she refused their invitation. In ones own home one can do what one likes. I dont know how to repair this machine. She realized that she had told a lie. whether与if的辨用 表“是否”时，在下列情况下用whether。 a. 主语从句 Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. b. 表语从句 The point is whether we should lend him the money. c. 同位语从句 They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. e. 介词后的宾语从句 I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.) I cant decide whether to go to France for a holiday. g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if I dont know whether or not I will stay. Practice time if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 3. Were worried about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 8. I dont know _ to go. if / whether whether whether /if whether whether 1. I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam. 2. I dont doubt that we will win the match. 3. Do you doubt that he did it on his own? doubt问题 肯定句中用 if / whether 否定句中用 that 疑定句中用 that 1. I doubt _he is telling the truth. 2. We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out . 3. Does he doubt _ you are from Austria? 4. Im doubtful _ he will agree to this. if / whether that that if / whether 同位语从句 被修饰词有: fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea 同位语从句说 明它们的内容 常见引导词: that , whether ( if ), how, wh- 疑问词 1. The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear. The question how I did it is hard to answer. 1. They had no idea where they should go to find some food. 2. The question whether he comes or not is not important. ( if ) A thought came to me that he might be in the library. 事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚. 我怎么做的这一问题难回答. 他们根本不知去哪儿找食物 他是否来这个问题不重要. 我突然想到他可能在图书馆. 被别的词隔开 that 无词义 1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. 2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night. _ _ _ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. _ _ _ We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China. 4.Time travel is possible./ There is no scientific proof for the idea. 5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._ _ Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online. _ _ There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible. _ _ The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. P167 是什么名词性从句？ 名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.He didnt know which room _. A.they lived B. they lived in B.C. did they live D. did they live in 4.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 5.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that 6.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 7.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 8._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 9.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 10.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 11.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 12._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. W