英语倒装句详解

象现装倒,语法修饰的需要：倒装句可以起强调作用，加强语气。例如：Up went the model plane. 那架航模飞机飞起来了。（强调状语）,、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后的句子（其实就是一般疑问语序），叫部分倒装句。Only then did he realize that he was wrong.,英语倒装句分为两种：、整个谓语在主语前面的句子，叫完全倒装。Here comes the car.,一、完全倒装,1,句首有 here, there, out, in, up, down, off, away 等表示地点，方位的副词时且主语为名词时：There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Up went the prices. 价格上涨。The door opened and in came Mr. Smith, our headmaster.Out rushed a cat from under the table. 从桌子底下窜出一只猫来。,注：人称代词不倒装Here we are at the crossroads againThere he goes.,2,介词短语表方位放句首（谓语通常是be , stand, sit , lie 等动词.）*On the ground lay a dog.地上躺着一条狗。*Between the two buildings stands a tree.在两座大 楼之间有一棵大树 。*At the foot of the mountain runs a river山脚下有一条河。,3，表语提前，为了保持句子平衡(作表语用的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语）Gone are the days when Chinese people used foreign oil.中国人民用洋油的日子已一去不复返了Such is the case.事情是这样的。,*Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.一个长着两只大眼睛的羞怯的女孩坐在屋子的后面。 *Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.黑板上写着昨天迟到的人的名字。 *Present at the meeting was Mr. Liu, Who taught us English 教我们英语的刘老师出席了这次会议。,4，直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。“Do you think my clothes fit well?” asked the emperor. Mr smith said Mary,May I borrow your pen?,注意：主语是代词时，不用倒装。（） “Where are you going?” asked he.,二,部分倒装,1、当以下表达否定意义或半否定意义的副词、介词短语、连词等置于句首时，需要部分倒装：never, little, hardly,barely,scarcely, not until, seldom,in no time(立刻）no longer no sooner.than.,(一 .就. ），hardly.When .,(一 .就. ）,by no means（决不）， at no time （决不），in no case （决不）under no circumstances(决不）not only.but also.,*Never have I seen such a beautiful lady*Little does he care about his own safety(他并不在呼自己的安全）*Hardly can I see her(我几乎看不见她）*No longer will I believe a word you say. (你的话我以后一个字也不相信了。)*No sooner had we reached the station than the train left. （我们一到车站，火车就开了。）hardly had we reached the station when the train left. （我们一到车站，火车就开了。）,*Not until yesterday， did little John change his mind.（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。） *Under no circumstances should we give up the plan(无论在什么情况下我们也不该放弃这个计划）*Not only does he play football, but he also climbs mountains(他不但踢足球，还爬山）,但是当连接两个不同的主语时不倒装 Not only he but also I have kept the secret.,2, only+状语放句首时，主句需要部分倒装：Only when he left home did he realize that he forgot to take the keys*Only in this way can we learn English well,3,so/neither/nor 置于句首表也也不： *He has passed the exam, so have I. *He didnt smoke, nor did he drink. *If you dont do the work, neither shall I.,注意！如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面 句子的意思，对其肯定或附和，则不倒装。“It is hot today.” “So it is.”（确实如此）“He finished it on time.” “So he did.” （确实如此）,4，当often, always, once, many a time(很多次），now and then(时不时），every other day(每隔一天），every day 等频度副词在句首时，句子需要部分倒装：Many a time have I heard of it.(我已经听过很多次这件事了。）Always does he ask me for money(他老是问我要钱）Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。,当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时， 则用so it is with.句型来表示。 Tom likes singing, but he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary.,如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面 句子的意思，则不倒装。“It is hot today.” “So it is.”“He finished it on time.” “So he did.”,5,省略if 的虚拟条件句以had /were/ should开头的句子引起的倒装：Had he worked harder, he would have passed the examination.(=If he had worked harder, .要是他努力一些的话，他已经及格了）Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.(=If she were my friend,. 如果她是我的朋友，我就会请她帮忙。） *Should it rain tomorrow, we should put off the match.（=If it should rain,.如果明天下雨，我们就推迟比赛）,过去虚拟,现在虚拟,将来虚拟,6,sothat/ suchthat中 so+ adj./adv或such提前到句首时，此部分用倒装语序. （例9）,So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. In such a hurry did he leave that he forgot to lock the door.,So moved was she that she could not say a word.她激动得一句话也说不出来。在“so+副词that分句”结构中，如将“so+副词”置于句首以示强调时，其后的主谓作部分倒装。如:So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大，连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。 So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快，我们很难想象。,1,as引导的让步状语从句一定要用倒装语序,n(不带冠词)/adj/ adv/ v+ as + subject + be/情态动词,Child as he is, he knows a lot about the world.,=Though he is a child, he knows a lot about the world.,Young as he is, he knows more than you.,单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词,三，其它倒装,强 化 练 习 1 _the plane.A Down flying B Down was flying C Down flew D Flew down 2 Under a big tree _,half asleep.A did sat a fat man B a fat man sat C did a fat man sat D sat a fat man,C,D,3. She plays the piano very well._. A So every one of us does B Every one of us does C So does every one of us D So do every one of us 4. Never _such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A are hanging B had I seen C I have seen D have I seen,C,D,5. Not only _a promise, but also he kept it. A has he made B does he make C he made D did he make6. Not until he got off the bus _that he had got his wallet stolen.A he found B did he find C he had found D had he found7. Only in this way _progress in your English. A you make B can you make C you be able to make D will you able to make,D,B,B,8. _and caught the mouse. A Up the cat jumped B The cat up jumped C Up jumped the cat D Jumped up the cat9. -Where is your father? -Oh,_. A here he comes B he here comes C here does he come D here comes he,C,A,10._in which they had came to the island. A Nearby were two canoes B Nearby two canoes were C Were two canoes nearby D Two canoes nearby were 11. The door opened and there _. A enters an old man B entered an old man C did an old man enter D an old man entered,A,B,12. Little _ when I took the trip and _ did my brother.A have I known; so B had I know;neitherC do I know; so D did I know; neither13. Was it not _ you arrived at his house _ you discovered that he was on holiday?A when; that B until; did C until; that D when;did,D,C,14. Many a time _ to see me while _ in hospital.A did he come; was I B did he come; I wasC he came; was I D he was; I was15 .Now and then _ up to see what happened.A did he wake B he wake C he wakes D he did wake16. She is not fond of cooking,_ I. A so am B nor am C neither do I D nor do17. Early in the morning _ the news _ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team.A comes; what B. came; thatC comes; that D came; what,B,A,B,B,18. At the foot of the mountain_.A lie a beautiful lake B does a beautiful lake lieC lies a beautiful lake D do a beautiful lake lie19. At no time _ his personal interest first.A should a communist placeB. a communist should placeC a communist placeD does a communist place,C,A,20. On the wall _two large portraits. A are hanging B hanged C hang D hangs 21.Not once _their plan. A did they change B they changed C changed they D they did changed22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _so happy! (NMET2000春季) A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt,C,A,D,23.Little _about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.(上海1994) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared24. Not only _ polluted but _ crowded. (上海1991) A. was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streetsC.w