野草 翻译对比

1、一、野草原文及英译：原文(节选)：野 草 夏 衍有这样一个故事。有人问：世界上什么东西的气力最大？回答纷纭的很，有的说“象”，有的说“狮”，有人开玩笑似的说是“金刚”，金刚有多少气力，当然大家全不知道。结果，这一切答案完全不对，世界上气力最大的，是植物的种子。一粒种子所可以显现出来的力，简直是超越一切，这儿又是一个故事。人的头盖骨，结合得非常致密与坚固，生理学家和解剖学者用尽了一切的方法，要把它完整地分出来，都没有这种力气，后来忽然有人发明了一个方法，就是把一些植物的种子放在要解剖的头盖骨里，给它以温度与湿度，使它发芽，一发芽，这些种子便以可怕的力量，将一切机械力所不能分开的骨骼，完整地分开了

2、。植物种子力量之大如此，如此。这，也许特殊了一点，常人不容易理解，那么，你看见过被压在瓦砾和石块下面的一颗小草的生成吗？它为着向往阳光，为着达成它的生之意志，不管上面的石块如何重，石块与石块之间如何狭，它必定要曲曲折折地，但是顽强不屈地透到地面上来，它的根往土壤钻，它的芽往地面挺，这是一种不可抗拒的力，阻止它的石块，结果也被它掀翻，一粒种子的力量之大如此，如此。英译版：Wild grass Translator: Liu HongweiThere is a story which goes like this. Someone ever asked “What is the most powe

3、rful thing in the world?” There were various answers, someone said “Elephant”, others said “Lion”, even some of them jokingly said “Buddhas warriorattendant”. As to how powerful the Buddhas warrior attendant is, actually, nobody knows.The fact is that these answers are completely wrong，the most powe

4、rful thing in the world is the seed of plants. The force displayed by a seed simply surpasses everything. Here is another story.The bones of a human skull are so tightly and firmly joined that no methods could be used by physiologist and anatomist to separate it wholly. Later, a proposal occurs to s

5、ome people that puts some seeds of the plants in the skull need to be dissected, and then available temperature andmoisture are provided, which makes the seeds sprout, once these seeds to sprout, it will have a kind of amazing force making human skull separated, any mechanical force fails to do it.

6、How powerful the seed of a plant is!This matter maybe out of understanding of average people. Well, have you ever seen the growth of bamboo shoots? Have you ever seen the growth of the little grasses overwhelmed among the stones and rubbles? In order to realize the willingness that looking forward t

7、o getting the sunshine and complete the will desiring to live, the little grasses, winds its body from one side to another side irresistibly, ultimately coming out of the grand stubbornly no matter how heavy the rocks are and how narrow the space among the rocks. Its roots drilling downward and its

8、sprouts sticking upward, theforce is so irresistiblethat any rocks preventing its growth are overturned. How powerful the seed of a plant is!二野草英译评析： 1 英译文章的选择和翻译过程阐述：这篇散文节选自散文佳作108篇，野草是一篇很有名的散文，其作者夏衍是现代剧作家、革命戏剧和电影运动的组织者和领导者。此文中，夏衍通过对种子、野草和生命力的歌颂和肯定，表达了他对黑暗现实重压的蔑视，对民众力量的信赖。因此，在英译材料的内容和情感上都处于较高层次。此文的

9、翻译过程经历三个阶段，分别是在不同时间不同地点进行了初稿、二稿、和定稿的完成。2 自己译文与参考译文的整体对比分析：2.1 形式对比：野草的文体是散文,其特点是是寓意深刻，哲理性强，句式短小精悍，大量运用象征手法。尽管翻译家傅雷曾说过“翻译应该像临画一样，所追求的不在形式而在意”，但是作者认为这篇汉译英的文章在书写形式上尽可能的保留原作者的书写形式，形式也是文化的载体。野草的第二段主要由三个直接引语构成，刘士聪先生的在这段的翻译上将此段拆分为五个小句，单独成段。Someone asked, What is the most powerful thing in the world?There w

10、as a variety of answers.Elephant, someone said.Lion, another said.Buddhas guardian warrior, still another said half-jokingly. As to how powerful the Buddhas guardian warrior was, no one was sure.看这样的形式改译，有点类似描写人物对话的感觉，自己在处理过程中，并未对此段做形式上的修改是为了让这段内容所表达的意思更加完整紧凑。2.2 文章时态的选择：这篇文章在进行时态选择时自己思考时间比较长，一稿翻译时我

11、整体用了过去式，包括：There was a this; The most powerful thing in the world was plants; The bones of a human skull were so to separate it wholly等，但校稿时发现虽然这样能有效的避免时态出错，但是没有一种原文再现的感觉，而且野草中写道的“人的头盖骨，结合得非常致密与坚固；世界上气力最大的，是植物的种子”等也可以理解为客观事实或真理，因而又在二稿翻译时，按语意对时态又做以修改。刘士聪先生的译文也是如此。2.3 句意整合：这篇文章的四五两段是翻译难点，主要是原文多为短句，需要句

12、意整合，如第五段164个汉字就两层意思，第一层用了两个反问句引出第二层意思即小草生命力顽强，第二层意思含有十个逗号因而处理时我将短句柔和，调整顺序：将主语做插入语放在了中间然后把让步状语放在了后面如“In order to, the little grasses, winds its body from one side to another side irresistibly, ultimately no matter how heavy ”而刘士聪先生是将两个不论做了插入语，顺序上未调整，使层层递进关系更加明显。3 具体措辞和翻译方法的对比分析：有人开玩笑似的说是“金刚”，这句话自己英译为

13、even some of them jokingly said “Buddhas”；刘士聪先生英译为Buddhas guardian warrior, still another said half-jokingly. 自己在翻译的过程中用even 来强调语气上的对比，刘士聪先生用half-jokingly来强调，原文中是“开玩笑”而非“半开玩笑”，但是刘士聪先生这样的处理方法更为地道。此处“金刚”虽然用词不同但大意都表达明确，可能后者warrior暗含文化性更加强一些。“给它以温度与湿度”我翻译时用了“available temperature andmoisture are provide

14、d”。刘士聪先生用了“provided the necessary temperature and moisture to make them germinate”。这句话对“以”的处理available可能应该更加好一点，necessary是必要的必须的意思，available是有效的有利的意思。此处并未提到到底怎么样的温度和湿度易于发芽，所以available比较贴切。“后来忽然有人发明了一个方法”自己在英译时用了“Later, a proposal occurs to some people that”刘士聪先生用了“Then someone invented a method”此处，我

15、觉的刘士聪先生的then和invent这两个词欠佳，then 是“那么，当时，随后”的意思，但此处时间上并不强调连续性，我觉得later更为贴切；刘士聪先生对于发明这个词用了invent，但个人认为这个词用的程度有点大，只是后来有人想到了把种子放在头盖骨里，因此，自己的英译中用了occur这个词，感觉更符合实际情况。“它的芽往地面挺”its sprouts shooting upward. 自己用了“ its sprouts sticking upward，个人认为此处sticking 更能给人破土而出的感觉。四五段中的“植物种子力量之大，如此如此”和“一颗种子的力量的大，如此如此”字面上稍有

16、不同，但其表述意思相同。因此，在处理过程中自己用了相同的感叹句且单独成句，同时也对标点符号做了转译将句号改为了感叹号来表达这种强烈的感情如How powerful the seed of a plant is!4 总结：此篇文章的翻译涉及众多翻译细节，在与刘士聪先生的译文对比中使我认识到自己的用词及组织句子的能力仍需提高，在词类转换和句子转化的处理上应该更加灵活。翻译是建立在汉语的理解基础上进行的，在今后的翻译学习中也应多读各类汉语文章和多收集百科知识，提升汉语理解力，避免理解失误。如该文中“金刚”一词的理解实为难点，我们并不明确金刚所指含义，在大乘佛教中，它既指无心相心、无可摧毁的性又指在西

17、藏密宗的护法神，还指代的是一种神器因而，理解不同，选词会不同，在自己的译文和参考译文中，都当护法神的意思来处理。 附：野草刘士聪译 Wild Grass Translator: Liu ShicongThere is a story which goes like this:Someone asked, What is the most powerful thing in the world?There was a variety of answers.Elephant, someone said.Lion, another said.Buddhas guardian warrior, sti

18、ll another said half-jokingly. As to how powerful the Buddhas guardian warrior was, no one was sure.In fact none of the answers was correct. The most powerful thing in the world is the seed of plants. The force displayed by a seed is simply incomparable.Here goes another story:The bones of a human s

19、kull are so tightly and firmly joined that no physiologist and anatomist had succeeded in taking them apart whatever means they tried. Then someone invented a method. He put sonic seeds of a plant in the skull to be dissected and provided the necessary temperature and moisture to make them germinate. Once the seeds germinated, they manifested a terrible force with which he succeeded in opening up the human skull that had failed to be opened even by mechanical means.You may think this is too unusual a story to be grasped