初中英语定语从句课件.ppt

1、The Attributive Clause,定义：在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子,关系词,The Attributive Clause (定语从句）,关系代词: that,which, who,whom,whose 关系副词: when, where, why,指物：that which 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom(宾格),在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a policeman. The noodles that I cooked

2、 were delicious. Who is the man that is reading the book over there? The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well.,先行词,_,_,关系代词,_,定语从句,关系代词that, which引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which. (作主语或宾语),This is a dream. The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which never come true.,The d

3、og has been found. The dog was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practise: This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主语. (不能省),/ that,（作主语）,which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）,This is the card. Ive just received the card.,This is the card whi

4、ch / that Ive just received.,Practise: This is the mistake which /that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,( ),（作宾语）,关系代词who, that, whom引导的定语从句: 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语或宾语) whom (作宾语),who / that 作主语. (不能省),This is the

5、film star. The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语),The boy who broke the window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.,/ that,who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略),The

6、man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）,The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night.,The thief whom the police caught last night has b

7、een sent to prison.,小结： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,The girl in a hat is Lucy. = The girl who / that is in a hat is Lucy.,The cup filled with water was put on the table. = The cup which / that was

8、filled with water was put on the table.,介词短语作后置定语与定语从句的互换：,_,_,She is one of those women,who,have cars.,定语从句的同意句转换:,1. The teacher who wears a pair of glasses is Miss Wang. = The teacher wearing a pair of glasses is Miss Wang. 2. The machine that is made in China is dear. = The machine made in China

9、 is dear. 3. The novel that is written by him sells well. = The novel written by him sells well. 4. The dinosaurs (which) were discovered by them are on show. = The dinosaurs,discovered by them,are.,有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , e

10、verybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 当先

11、行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。 Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?,5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. The man and his dog that I

12、 always meet are standing by the gate. 6. 当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was.,只用 which ,不用that 的情况： 1. 关系代词前有介词时。 This is the cage that / which Polly lives in. = This is the cage in which Polly lives .,in that ( ),= This is the cage where Polly lives.,2. 先行词本身为 that. The clock is th

13、at which tells the time. 3. 在非限制性定语从句中。 His English , which used to be poor , is exellent now.,Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen. This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,whom/who,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。

14、,不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.,which,which,who,whom

15、,在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,whose 作定语,表示所属关系。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a detective.,The boy whose father is a detective is my classmate.,whose = of whom,= The boy the father of whom is a detective is my classmate. = The boy of whom the father is a detective is my classmate.

16、,when 作时间状语: She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.,It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year.,It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.,When = 介词 + which,where 作地点状语,I want to know t

17、he place. I was born there.,I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.,The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.,where = 介词 + which,why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.,That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.,I know the reason why he said it.,why = for which,Exercises: 1.

18、 The radio set _ has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. I bought last week C. which I bought it last week D. what I bought last week 2. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all,B,D,3. This is the biggest lab _ we have ever built in our school . A. which B. what C. where D. / 4. Is Oxygen (氧气）the only gas _ helps fire burn? that B. / C. which D. it A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿). A. who B. whose C. whos D. which,A,B,D,6. The house _ we saw at the foot of the hill was built a century ago. which B. whe