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1、被动语态,Passive voice,被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。,be + Vp.p(动词的过去分词) 1)be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化 am/ is / are + V(过去分词) was/ were+ V(过去分词) will be + V(过去分词) 情态动词+ be + V (过去分词),1.规则动词的过去分词:,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-pract
2、iced,3)以辅音加y结尾的,去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母, 先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词:,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,He plants trees in spring.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改为被动语态,in spring.,主动语态变被动语态口诀: 宾语提前主语变, 原主变宾by后见, 时态人称be关键。,Tom will clean
3、the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时: S(主语)+am/is /are +过去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bough
4、t ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时:S+was/were +过去分词,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词: S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成 1)一般现在时:You are invited to do this. 2)一般过去时:The story was told by her. 3)一般将来时:Th
5、e problem will be discussed tomorrow.,看一看 想一想,4)情态动词:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时: 一般过去时: 情态动词: 一般将来时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时: 过去进行时:,S+am/is /are +P.P S+was/were +P.P. S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P. S+ will+be+ P.P. S+ am/is/are + being + P.P. S+ have/has + been+ P
6、.P. S+ was/were+being+ P.P.,何时使用被动语态呢? 一、行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如: Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如: My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如: It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of
7、SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如: Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如: He was born in October,1989,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twi
8、ce a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态),3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two
9、 meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were ma
10、ny trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most
11、 of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students study German in this sc
12、hool. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night. 2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell. 3) English _ (speak) in China. 4) The car _ (make) in China
13、. 5) The room must _ (clean) every day.,be allowed,was invented,is spoken,is made,be cleaned,( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die. A must water B can be watered C should water D must be watered ( ) Many computers will _ to our school. A be bring B be brought C bring,4.They will finish the work
14、in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时: S+ will+be+过去分词,5. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时: S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时: S+ have/has + been+过去分词,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时: S+ was/w
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