英语中形容词用法专题精讲.ppt

1、形容词用法专题精讲,一、形容词的定义 形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征。 二、形容词的用法： 1. 作定语，一般放在名词之前, 不定代词 something，anything，nothing，everything 等之后。 eg. Its a sunny day today. 今天是个阳光灿烂的日子。,She has a red coat. 她有一件红色的外套。 Would you like something hot to drink？ 你想喝点热饮料 吗？ 我有重要的事要告诉你。 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？ 这儿一点都不危险。,I have something

2、 important to tell you.,Is there anything interesting in the film.,There is nothing dangerous here.,2. 作表语，放在系动词的后面。 eg. He looks happy today. 他今天显得很高兴 I feel very tired after playing football. 踢球之后我觉得很累。 3. 形容词用作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 eg. Dont keep the door open. 别让门敞着。 His success made him happy. 他的成功让他感到幸

3、福。,某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。 常见的形容词有：good / bad, rich / poor, young / old, deaf / blind, black / white, living / dead 等。 eg. The old often think of old things. 老年人经常回想往事。 The new always take the place of the old. 新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。,5.多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序为: 限定词（冠词指示代词形容词性物主代词）数词描绘性形容词（大小、长短、高低、形状 、 年龄、新旧 、颜色

4、） 国籍地区出处物质材料用途类别 + 名词 A small round table 一张小圆桌 A tall white building 一幢高大的白色建筑物 A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院,1.One day they crossed the _ bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old,2. - How was your recent visit to

5、Qingdao? - It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the _ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last,1.副词的作用: 用来修饰动词.形容词.其它副词.全句或 名词词组及句子,二 、副词,2.有许多副词是对应的形容词加ly构成,有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, 如:true truly terrible -terribly,good的副词是well. well 也可作形容词用，但

6、只有唯一的意思healthy 健康的 hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词是“困难的”difficult，作副词是“努力地”。 hardly的意思是“几乎不”它和hard没关系,注意,用词的适当形式填空 1 He works very _. He _ has a rest on Sunday. (hard) 2 _, he didnt fail in the exam.(luck) 3 He was so _ that he couldnt believe this _ news. (surprise) 4 He wont do it. I wont do it, _. (too),hard

7、,hardly,Luckily,surprised,surprising,either,5 Mr. Green is feeling _ enough to go to work. (good) 6 The old man looks very _ than you think. (friend) 7 This box is not so _ as that one. (heavy) 8 Lucy jumped _ of the four. (high),well,more friendly,heavy,highest,形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的构成,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 1)

8、 一般情况加 er 或 est fast faster fastest high higher highest clever cleverer cleverest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 2) 以字母 e 结尾加 r 或 st fine finer finest late later latest nice nicer nicest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 er 或 est fat fatter fattest big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词

9、 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 er 或 est early earlier earliest easy easier easiest lucky luckier luckiest,规则变化 部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加 more 或 most slowly - more slowly - most slowly easily - more easily - most easily carefully - more carefully - most carefully,不规则变化 good/well better best many/much more most littl

10、e less least far farther farthest ( far further furthest ) bad/badly/ill worse worst,形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的用法,1)表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词 than 引导，表示“较”或“更一些”的意思 *This cake is more delicious than that one. *Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (did).,2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）短语来说明

11、比较的范围 *Shanghai is the biggest city in China. *Lucy sings (the) best of all. *He is the most careful among us.,3) 在表示 “和一样” 和 “不及” 这类概念时，可以用 “as+原级+as” 和 “not as（so）+原级+as”的句型 *Our teacher is as busy as before. *He does not run so (as) fast as I.,4) 可用much, still, a little, even, far,three years等表示程

12、度的状语来修饰比较级 *She is much taller than Mrs.Liu. *He is three years older than I. *This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.,5)几种比较级的使用句型 1.“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示“ 越来越 ” *Your English is getting better and better. 你的英语越来越好了。 *These days more and more people are learning English. 现在学英语的

13、人越来越多了。,2. “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示“ 越就越 ” *The more, the better. 越多越好。 *The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。,3.“ more (less) than ”表示 “不止，不到” *She is more than thirty. 她三十多岁了。 *The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms. 最轻的不到五十公斤。,4.“more or less”表示“差不多，或多或少” *The problem is more or les

14、s solved. 这个问题差不多已经解决了。 *Is it straight? More or less. 它直吗？ 差不多吧。,6)注意点 形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略 在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词 *This pen is shorter than that one. *The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.,3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级 *Who is taller, Mary

15、or Jane? *Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?,7)掌握几种同义句转换 1. He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class. = He is taller than any of the other students in his class. = He is the tallest (student)in his class.,3. I prefer maths t

16、o English. =I like maths better than English. 4. The box is too heavy for him to carry. = The box is so heavy that he cant carry it. = The box is not light enough for him to carry.,Exercises,c,选择 ( )1 Who gets home usually _ in your family? A. the latest B. later C. early D. as late ( )2 The more we

17、 looked at the picture, _. A. we like it less B. the less we liked it C. better we liked it D. it looked better ( )3 What a pity. Lucy ran _ than Lily. A. a few more slowly B. a little more slowly C. much more slowly D. little slowlier,A,B,B,( )4 Dont worry. Your baby is looked after _ here, the nur

18、se are very _. A. careful, carefully B. carefully, careful C. care, careless D. careless, care ( )5 The idea became _ . He wanted to try _. A. strangly, it out B. strangly, out it C. strange, it out D. strange, out it ( )6 Beijing is _ biggest cities in China. A. the first B. one of C. the second D.

19、 second,B,C,C,7、The bread is _ than these cakes A、very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious,8. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far,9. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _ A.happily B. hap

20、py C. happier D. happiest,10.which is _ season in Beijing ? A.good B. better C. best D. the best,C,C,A,D,11. I think Yao ming the famous basketball player , he will be _ new Star in NBA hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest 12. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August hotter hottest B

21、. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 13. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 14. An elephant is _ than a tiger heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier,D,D,C,D,15. A horse is _ than a dog Much heavy B. more heavier C. mu

22、ch heavier 16. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ Care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 17. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? Interesting B. most interesting C. More interesting D. the most interesting,C,D,C,18. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box strong B. stronger C. muc

23、h stronger . D. the strongest 19. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good boy A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 20. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very _ loudly B. loud C.heavily D. high,A,A,A,形容词练习： 21. This coat is a bit

24、too for me. Do you have a size in blue.? A. small, big B. small, bigger C. small, bigger D. small, big 22. He is so tired that he fell as soon as he lay down. A. sleep B. sleeping C. sleepy D. asleep 23. If I had , Id go to Egypt and have a book at the Great Pyramid. A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough 24. He works very . He has a rest on Sundays. A. hard, hardly B. hardly, hard C. hard, hard D. hardly, hardly 25. July and August are the months in a year. A. hot B. hotter C. hotest D