中考英语：主谓一致精讲精炼-(改进版).ppt

1、中考语法接力赛 （第一棒）,主谓一致考点透析与精练,主谓一致： 句子中的谓语动词随着主语在人称数量时态等方面的变化而变化(即保持一致性),主谓一致七大考点,1.主谓一致的三个原则；,2.并列结构作主语时；,3.“名词+介词短语”作主语时；,5.There be和Here be的就近原则；,4.特殊名词作主语时；,7.表数量概念的词或短语作主语时；,6.动名词、不定代词或者从句作主语时；,主谓一致的三大原则：,1.语法一致：单数主语后接单数谓语动词；复数主语后接复数谓语动词,eg：1. My bike is under the tall tree.,2.意义一致：根据句子主语的意义，而不是主语的

2、的形式来确定谓语动词的单复数,eg: 1. The police are trying to arrest the thieves.,2. These books are old books.,2. People in the south of Canada are called Eskimos.(爱斯基摩人）,3. 就近原则： 当主语被某些关联短语（如eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等）连接时，谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的词语保持一致,eg: 1. Not only you but (also) they are good students.,2. N

3、either he nor I am going to attend the party tonight.,牛刀小试： Not only his parents but also he watching sports programs. （ 2011 彩田中学） A. like B. likes C. dont like D. not like,B,3.One or two students were still absent from school.,4.There is a pen ,a pencil,and three books on the desk.,谓语动词用单数形式的情况,主语

4、和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,一、谓语动词用单数形式的情况：,若主语是单数名词、单数代词、不定式及其短语、-ing形式及其短语或从句时，谓语动词用单数形式,Eg: 1. The chief industry in the Middle East is the oil industry.,2. That sounds a good idea.,3. To learn English by recitation is a useful way.,4. Nodding the head means agreement while shaking it means disagreement.,5. Wh

5、o let out the secret is still unknown to us.,6. Whether he will attend the meeting doesnt matter too much.,7. How you got there is not interesting for me.,“华哥”有话说：在由what或whatever引导的主语从句中，主句的谓语动词的单复数形式有时还要按句子的具体意思而定。,eg: What the children need are love and understanding.,2. 当主语是表示时间、距离、重量、货币等的复数名词时，这

6、些名词指代的事物往往被看作是一个整体，因此谓语动词常用单数形式,eg: 1. Seven feet is an abnormal height for a person.,2. Twenty miles is a long way to walk.,3. Fifty kilograms is not so heavy to carry.,4. Thirty pounds is really a high prices.,“华哥”有话说：加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数,eg: 1.Two and two is four. ( 2 加 2 等于4 ),2. Six times one is six

7、. ( 6乘以1等于6）,牛刀小试,-How much the pair of shoes? -Twenty dollars enough. （2011 南充） A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is,2. Three thousand dollars enough for me to travel to the place of interest. A. are B. is C. have D. has,3. Two weeks allowed for making the necessary preparation. A. is B. are

8、 C. been D. have,A,B,A,3. 如果主语是单数，其后跟有with, together with, as well as, but, except, like, no less than等连接的短语，谓语动词用单数 （ “名词+介词短语”结构）,eg: 1. He as well as his parents is working the fields.,2. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent there to help with the work.,3. Nobody but you and I knows

9、 about it.,牛刀小试： 1. Robert with his two kids to the beach for vacation every year. A. go B. goes C. went D. are going,B,4.当主语是each, either, neither或者由some, any, no, every等构成的不定代词（如someone，nothing等）时，谓语动词用单数形式,eg: 1. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.,2. Anyone who is over sixteen is allowed i

10、n.,3. Neither of us has gone through regular training.,“华哥”有话说：each (every)+单数名词+each （every）+单数名词结构做主语，谓语动词用单数,eg: Each boy and each girl likes watching TV programme.,牛刀小试,1. -Neither of us right. -Really? Havent you worked hard before? A. am B. is C. are D. be,2.Each of the students willing to hel

11、p with the work. A. am B. are C. is D. be,3.Nothing impossible to a willing heart. A. is B. am C. are D. be,B,C,A,“华哥”有话说：“none of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,None of the pensengers is (are) able to survieve in such an air crash（空难）.,Insert Title Text,5. 当主语是由and连接的两个名词但表示同一人或物时，谓语 动词用单数形式,eg: 1.The

12、singer and dancer is going to pay a visit to China.,2. The girl and winner is jumping with joy.,试比较： The politician and the writer give us wonderfu speeches.,牛刀小试： The secretary and principal of the school present at the meeting yesterday. A. was B. were are D. is,A,6. 国名、人名、书名、书刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其

13、形式是复数，谓语动词也要用单数形式,eg: 1.The United States lies in the east to China.,2. Engeles was good at learning foreign languages.,“华哥”有话说：英语中有些名词虽以-s结尾，实际上却并不表示复数的概念，如mathematics（数学）、physics（物理）、politics（政治）、news（消息、新闻）等。当这些名词作主语时，应该注意谓语动词用单数形式,1.Physics was the only course she failed in.,7.“many a/more than

14、one+名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数,1. There is one more answer. （有不止一个答案）,2. Many a student has passed the exam. (许多同学通过了考试）,8. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来决定，可以用单数，也可以用复数,1. I am a Chinese.,2. Ten sheep are eating grass there.,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,9.当主语是a kind of; a sort of; a t

15、ype of；a pair of等后接名词，无论名词是单数还是复数，谓语动词统一用单数,eg: 1.A kind of birds has been discovered by these scientists.,2.This pair of glasses is made of diamond.,“华哥”有话说：如果主语是these(those)type/kind/sort of等后接名词时，无论名词是单数还是复数，谓语动词一般用单数形式,1.Those sort of parties are very dangerous.,谓语动词用复数形式的情况,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,二、谓语

16、动词用复数形式的情况：,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,1.主语是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。,eg: The contents of this book is most fascinating. His congratulations are always to the points.,2.当“the+形容词”结构做主语时，泛指某一类人，谓语动词用复数形式,eg: 1.The homeless need not only care and love but also practical help.,3.由and或bothand连接的两个名词、代词作主语，表示不同的人或事物时，句子的

17、谓语动词用复数,eg: 1. Both John and Bob are going to university（大学）. 2. The writer and the politician are going to meet with our headmaster.,试比较： The writer and politician is going to meet with our headmaster.,（指同一个人）,主语和谓语动词在数方面的一致性,易错知识点点拨,易错知识点点拨,似是而非英语大PK：,a number of + 名词复数形式 表示“大量；许多” 相当于a lot of，后跟谓

18、语动词用复数形式,the number of + 名词复数形式 表示“的数量” 后跟谓语动词用单数形式,eg：A number of young people have left the countryside for urban areas.,The number of pandas in our country is increasing.,似是而非英语大PK：,the rest of + 名词/代词复数形式 表示“剩余的/余下的” 后接谓语动词的复数形式,the rest of + 名词/代词单数形式 表示“剩余的/余下的” 后接谓语动词的单数形式,eg：The rest of the bikes in that supermarket were still on sale.,The rest of the milk in the kitchen was drunk by a cat.,华哥有话说：类似用法的短语还有most of, all of, any of, the last of, percent of(百分之), half of, majority of(绝大多数),沙场秋点兵：,1. The head teacher with his students the park if it tomorrow. A. is going to; i