机械原理课程设计偏置直动滚子从动杆盘型凸轮机构

机械原理课程设计偏置直动滚子从动杆盘型凸轮机构PAGE1目录机械原理课程设计的目的和任务…………2设计题目及设计思路………3凸轮基圆半径及滚子尺寸的确定…………5从动杆的运动规律及凸轮轮廓线方程……7计算程序框图………………8计算机源程序………………11计算机程序结果及分析……14凸轮机构示意简图…………20体会心得……20参考资料……21（一）机械原理课程设计的目的和任务一、机械原理课程设计的目的：1、机械原理课程设计是一个重要实践性教学环节。其目的在于：进一步巩固和加深所学知识；2、培养学生运用理论知识独立分析问题、解决问题的能力；3、使学生在机械的运动学和动力分析方面初步建立一个完整的概念；4、进一步提高学生计算和制图能力，及运用电子计算机的运算能力。二、机械原理课程设计的任务：1、偏置直动滚子从动杆盘型凸轮机构2、采用图解法设计：凸轮中心到摆杆中心A的距离为160mm，凸轮以顺时针方向等速回转，摆杆的运动规律如表：符号方案hδ01δ02δ03δ04从动杆运动规律推程回程Ⅰ70150º10º120º80º简谐正弦加速度设计要求：①升程过程中，限制最大压力角αmax≤30º,确定凸轮基园半径r0②合理选择滚子半径rr③选择适当比例尺，用几何作图法绘制从动件位移曲线，并画于图纸上；④用反转法绘制凸轮理论廓线和实际廓线，并标注全部尺寸（用A2上述计算出的r0min作为初值，然后校核各位置的压力角α是否满足[α]的要求，否则应加大r再重新校核。在此，取r=50mm。二、滚子半径r的选择我们用ρ1表示凸轮工作廓线的曲率半径,用ρ表示理论廓线的曲率半径.所以有ρ1=ρ±r1;为了避免发生失真现象，我们应该使p的最小值大于0，即使ρ＞r1；另一方面，滚子的尺寸还受其强度，结构的限制，不能太小，通常我们取滚子半径；r1=（0.1~0.5）*r0依题意，原始数据如下：1、已知量：（未标明的单位为mm）d1=150°推程运动结束的凸轮总转角，其中(d1-d0)为推程角δ01d2=160°远休止运动结束时总转角，其中(d2-d1)为远程休止角δ02d3=280°回程运动结束的凸轮总转角，其中(d3-d2)为回程角δ03d4=360°远休止运动结束总转角，其中(d4-d3)为远程休止角δ04e=20mm偏距20mmh=50mm推杆的行程50mmw=1rad/s此处设凸轮角速度为1rad/sr0=50mm 此处设凸轮基园半径50mmrr=10mm此处设滚子半径为10mm2、设计所求量：F：偏置直动滚子从动杆的角位移V：偏置直动滚子从动杆的角速度a：偏置直动滚子从动杆的角加速度以凸轮的中心为原点，竖直和水平方向分别为x,y轴，建立平面直角坐标系如图（四）从动杆的运动规律及凸轮轮廓线方程从动杆运动规律：①推程过程：0°＜d≤150°②远休止过程：150°＜d≤160°偏置杆角位移s=h偏置杆角速度：v=0偏置杆角加速度：a=0在推程和远休止过程中凸轮的理论轮廓轨迹：x=(s0+s)sinδ-esinδy=(s0+s)cosδ-ecosδ其中e为偏距，s0=√r02-e2③回程过程：160°＜d≤280°④近休止过程：280°＜d≤360°偏置杆角位移：s=0偏置杆角速度：v=0偏置杆角加速度：a=0在回程和近休止过程中凸轮轮廓轨迹：x=(s+s)sinδ-ecosδy=(s+s)cosδ-esinδ其中e为偏距，s0=√r2-ey为凸轮轮廓的轨迹的y坐标点（五）计算程序框图开始开始读入数据h，rb，rr，［α］，［α`］，ρa，ω，Φ，Φ`，Φs，△rb，eφ=0？选择推程类型，调用子程序计算s，v，a，ds/dφ，d2s/dφ2φ≤Φ?≤φ≤Φ+Φs?s=0v=0a=0φ≤Φ+Φ`+Φss=0v=0a=0选择回程类型，调用子程序计算s，v，a，ds/dφ，d2s/dφ2计算压力角αYNYNYN123修正基圆rb=rb+△rb修正基圆rb=rb+△rbφ≤Φ+Φs?α≤［α］?α≤［α`］?YNNNYY转下页续前页1123求x，y求x/，y/计算理论廓线曲率半径ρρ<0?NYρ≥［ρa］+rr?YN打印s，v，a，α，ρ，x，y，x’，y’φ≥360º?φ=φ+5º结束YN输入参数：h（从动件行程）r（凸轮基圆半径）r（滚子半径）［α］（推程许用压力角）［α`］（回程许用压力角）ρ（凸轮实际廓线的曲率半径）ω（凸轮旋转角速度）Φ（推程运动角）Φ`（远休止角）Φs（回程运动角）r（基圆修正量）e（机构偏心距）输出参数：S（从动件位移）V（从动件运动速度）A（从动件运动加速度）α（机构压力角）ρ（理论廓线曲率半径）（x，y）（理论轮廓坐标）（x'，y'）（实际轮廓坐标）计算机源程序#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<string.h>main(){FILE*fp;inta,step;floatr0=40,rr=10,e=20,h=70;doublepi=3.14159,s,s0,x,y,x1,y1,a0,a1,a2,a3;doubleb,b1,b2,c1,c2;charfilename[20];printf("pleaseinputfilenameyouwanttosavedate:");//输入需要保存数据结果的文件名（不需要加类型后缀）gets(filename);strcat(filename,".txt");fp=fopen(filename,"w");printf("inputstartangleandstepangle:");//输入起始角度和计算间隔即步进角度scanf("%d%d",&a,&step);for(a;a<=360;a=a+step){a1=a*pi/180;s0=sqrt(r0*r0-e*e);printf("s0=%f\n",s0);if(a>=0&&a<=360){if(a>=0&&a<=150){ a0=150*pi/180;s=h*(1-cos(pi*(a1/a0)))/2;printf("s=%f\n",s);b=pi*h*sin(pi*(a1/a0))/(2*a0);printf("ds/dδ=%f\n",b); }if(a>150&&a<=160){a0=10*pi/180;s=70;printf("s=%f\n",s);b=0;printf("ds/dδ=%f\n",b);}if(a>160&&a<=280){a0=120*pi/180;a2=(a-180)*pi/180;s=h*(1-(a2/a0)+sin(2*pi*a2/a0)/(2*pi));printf("s=%f\n",s);b=h*(cos(2*pi*a2/a0)-1)/a0;printf("ds/dδ=%f\n",b);}if(a>280&&a<=360){a0=80*pi/180; s=0;printf("s=%f\n",s);b=0;printf("ds/dδ=%f\n",b);}x=(s0+s)*sin(a1)+e*cos(a1);printf("x=%f\n",x);y=(s0+s)*cos(a1)-e*sin(a1);printf("y=%f\n",y);b1=(b-e)*sin(a1)+(s0+s)*cos(a1);printf("dx/dδ=%f\n",b1);b2=(b-e)*cos(a1)-(s0+s)*sin(a1);printf("dy/dδ=%f\n",b2);c1=b1/sqrt(b1*b1+b2*b2);printf("sinθ=%f\n",c1);c2=-b2/sqrt(b1*b1+b2*b2);printf("cosθ=%f\n",c2);x1=x-rr*c2;printf("x'=%f\n",x1);y1=y-rr*c1;printf("y'=%f\n",y1); fprintf(fp,"δ=%d,s=%7.3f,x=%7.3f,y=%7.3f,x'=%7.3f,y'=%7.3f\n",a,s,x,y,x1,y1); }elseprintf("输出错误\n");}fclose(fp);}程序计算结果及其分析δ=0,s=0.000,x=20.000,y=34.641,x'=15.000,y'=25.981δ=5,s=0.192,x=22.960,y=32.957,x'=18.090,y'=24.223δ=10,s=0.765,x=25.844,y=31.395,x'=21.203,y'=22.537δ=15,s=1.713,x=28.728,y=29.939,x'=24.355,y'=20.946δ=20,s=3.026,x=31.677,y=28.555,x'=27.541,y'=19.450δ=25,s=4.689,x=34.748,y=27.193,x'=30.753,y'=18.025δ=30,s=6.684,x=37.983,y=25.789,x'=33.991,y'=16.620δ=35,s=8.990,x=41.409,y=24.269,x'=37.265,y'=15.168δ=40,s=11.580,x=45.031,y=22.552,x'=40.591,y'=13.592δ=45,s=14.427,x=48.839,y=20.555,x'=43.976,y'=11.817δ=50,s=17.500,x=52.798,y=18.195,x'=47.415,y'=9.767δ=55,s=20.764,x=56.857,y=15.396,x'=50.886,y'=7.374δ=60,s=24.184,x=60.944,y=12.092,x'=54.348,y'=4.576δ=65,s=27.723,x=64.973,y=8.230,x'=57.741,y'=1.324δ=70,s=31.341,x=68.844,y=3.774,x'=60.992,y'=-2.419δ=75,s=35.000,x=72.444,y=-1.294,x'=64.013,y'=-6.672δ=80,s=38.658,x=75.659,y=-6.968,x'=66.713,y'=-11.436δ=85,s=42.277,x=78.368,y=-13.220,x'=68.991,y'=-16.694δ=90,s=45.816,x=80.457,y=-20.000,x'=70.750,y'=-22.406δ=95,s=49.236,x=81.814,y=-27.234,x'=71.897,y'=-28.514δ=100,s=52.500,x=82.344,y=-34.828,x'=72.345,y'=-34.940δ=105,s=55.572,x=81.963,y=-42.667,x'=72.022,y'=-41.589δ=110,s=58.420,x=80.608,y=-50.622,x'=70.869,y'=-48.351δ=115,s=61.010,x=78.237,y=-58.550,x'=68.850,y'=-55.104δ=120,s=63.316,x=74.833,y=-66.299,x'=65.944,y'=-61.718δ=125,s=65.311,x=70.404,y=-73.713,x'=62.156,y'=-68.059δ=130,s=66.974,x=64.986,y=-80.638,x'=57.513,y'=-73.993δ=135,s=68.287,x=58.639,y=-86.923,x'=52.066,y'=-79.387δ=140,s=69.235,x=51.450,y=-92.429,x'=45.885,y'=-84.120δ=145,s=69.808,x=43.527,y=-97.031,x'=39.065,y'=-88.082δ=150,s=70.000,x=35.000,y=-100.622,x'=31.715,y'=-91.177δ=155,s=70.000,x=26.097,y=-103.289,x'=23.648,y'=-93.594δ=160,s=70.000,x=16.996,y=-105.171,x'=15.400,y'=-95.299δ=165,s=70.872,x=7.991,y=-107.094,x'=8.124,y'=-97.095δ=170,s=70.263,x=-1.480,y=-106.783,x'=-0.933,y'=-96.798δ=175,s=70.033,x=-10.801,y=-106.019,x'=-9.683,y'=-96.082δ=180,s=70.000,x=-20.000,y=-104.641,x'=-18.122,y'=-94.819δ=185,s=69.967,x=-29.041,y=-102.467,x'=-26.213,y'=-92.875δ=190,s=69.737,x=-37.821,y=-99.320,x'=-33.882,y'=-90.128δ=195,s=69.128,x=-46.176,y=-95.057,x'=-41.023,y'=-86.487δ=200,s=67.982,x=-53.893,y=-89.593,x'=-47.507,y'=-81.898δ=205,s=66.178,x=-60.734,y=-82.921,x'=-53.193,y'=-76.353δ=210,s=63.641,x=-66.461,y=-75.115,x'=-57.932,y'=-69.894δ=215,s=60.345,x=-70.864,y=-66.336,x'=-61.582,y'=-62.617δ=220,s=56.315,x=-73.786,y=-56.821,x'=-64.018,y'=-54.679δ=225,s=51.628,x=-75.143,y=-46.859,x'=-65.159,y'=-46.296δ=230,s=46.404,x=-74.940,y=-36.774,x'=-64.985,y'=-37.726δ=235,s=40.800,x=-73.269,y=-26.888,x'=-63.551,y'=-29.247δ=240,s=35.000,x=-70.311,y=-17.500,x'=-60.992,y'=-21.128δ=245,s=29.200,x=-66.312,y=-8.854,x'=-57.509,y'=-13.598δ=250,s=23.596,x=-61.566,y=-1.125,x'=-53.348,y'=-6.823δ=255,s=18.372,x=-56.383,y=5.597,x'=-48.776,y'=-0.893δ=260,s=13.685,x=-51.065,y=11.304,x'=-44.047,y'=4.180δ=265,s=9.655,x=-45.871,y=16.063,x'=-39.375,y'=8.460δ=270,s=6.359,x=-41.000,y=20.000,x'=-34.912,y'=12.067δ=275,s=3.822,x=-36.574,y=23.276,x'=-30.743,y'=15.152δ=280,s=2.018,x=-32.630,y=26.062,x'=-26.900,y'=17.866δ=285,s=0.000,x=-28.284,y=28.284,x'=-21.213,y'=21.213δ=290,s=0.000,x=-25.712,y=30.642,x'=-19.284,y'=22.981δ=295,s=0.000,x=-22.943,y=32.766,x'=-17.207,y'=24.574δ=300,s=0.000,x=-20.000,y=34.641,x'=-15.000,y'=25.981δ=305,s=0.000,x=-16.905,y=36.252,x'=-12.679,y'=27.189δ=310,s=0.000,x=-13.681,y=37.588,x'=-10.261,y'=28.191δ=315,s=0.000,x=-10.353,y=38.637,x'=-7.765,y'=28.978δ=320,s=0.000,x=-6.946,y=39.392,x'=-5.210,y'=29.544δ=325,s=0.000,x=-3.486,y=39.848,x'=-2.615,y'=29.886δ=330,s=0.000,x=-0.000,y=40.000,x'=-0.000,y'=30.000δ=335,s=0.000,x=3.486,y=39.848,x'=2.615,y'=29.886δ=340,s=