2024届四川省巴中市普通高中高三上学期一诊英语试题（含答案解析）

巴中市普通高中2021级“一诊”考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。2.选择题答时请使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题答题时必须用0.5毫米黑色墨迹签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置，在规定的答题区域以外答题无效，在试题卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后，考生将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共100分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutthefilm?AAmused.B.Scared.C.Encouraged.2.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Copythedocument.B.Restartthecomputer.C.Readtheinstructions.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Astorm.B.Afire.C.Awebsite.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.5.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toaskaboutareport.B.Toarrangeabusinesstrip.C.Togetaroomservice第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatfeelingdidthemanexperienceinKenya?A.Regret.B.Disbelief.C.Gratitude.7.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Aprofessionalathlete.B.Anassistantcoach.C.Acollegestudent.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atacinema.B.Inaclassroom.C.Attheman’s.9.WhydoesthemansuggestseeingFeetontheMoon?A.It’sacomedy.B.Itusesspecialeffects.C.Itstarsafamousactor.10.Whatdothespeakersagreetowatchatlast?A.Blackfish.B.EarthWars.C.LegoRunning.请听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemanthinkit’sunnecessarytoclean?A.Thefridge.B.Thewashingmachine.C.Thegascooker.12.Whichofthefollowingservicesdoesthemanneed?A.Sortingouttheclothes.B.Checkingthewiring.C.Cleaningthecurtains.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Downloadanapp.B.Meetacleaner.C.Signacontract.请听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WhydoesthewomanchoosetoworkfortheOrionStadium?A.Itinvolveskids.B.Itisoutdoors.C.Itsoundslikefun.15.Whichaspectofsafetydoesthemanthinkismostimportant?A.Ensuringchildrenstayinthestadium.B.Providingproperequipmentforchildren.C.Removingobstaclesinchangingrooms.16.Whataffectedthescheduleforthevolleyballcompetitionlastyear?A.Badweather.B.Heavytraffic.C.Aninjury听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthepastownersmakechangesto?A.Thegarden.B.Thehouse.C.Thefarm.18.WhydidEdwardbuildUniteHome?A.Todiscusspolitics.B.Tomakefriends.C.Tocollectartworks.19WhatisnewforchildrenatUniteHome?A.Theclothesfordressingup.B.Theminifarmtrucks.C.Theadventureplayground.20.Whatcantouristsdointhebrickbuilding?A.Seesomerareanimals.B.Watchcowsbeingmilked.C.Tryfarmingtools.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AScotland’slandscapes,history,andcultureofferagreatvarietyofexperiences.Thissummer,joinouruniquerangerprogramstodiscoverScotlandlikeneverbefore!YoungClan’sHighlandGames(June4toAugust22)Adelightfulexperienceforchildren!TesttheirskillsintraditionalScottishgamesandcomparetheirabilitiestothehistoricallegendsofScotland.Nopriorexperienceneeded.Funandeducational,thisprogramisflexibletofityourschedule.MeetattheHighlandFolkMuseum.WildHighlandsExploration(May25toSeptember3)ImmerseyourselfintheruggedbeautyoftheScottishHighlands.Perfectforfamilies,thisprogramoffersguidedhikesthroughscenictrails,wildlifespotting,andcampingadventures.LearnaboutScotland’snativewildlifeandhowtoresponsiblyenjoythenaturalenvironment.GatherattheGlencoeVisitorCentre.LochNessLegendsandLore(June8toSeptember3)Attheworld-famousLochNess,thisprogramcombinesbreathtakingviewswithcaptivatingstoriesabouttheLoch’shistoryandthemysteriousNessie.Idealforfamiliesandphotographyenthusiasts.MeetattheLochNessCentre&Exhibitionforthisengagingtalk.PhotographyWorkshopsintheIsles(June18&July11)EnhanceyourphotographyskillsinScotland’spicturesquelandscapes.Joinourexpertphotographersforhands-onworkshops.6/18—IsleofSkyeSceneries:meetattheOldManofStorrparkingarea.7/11—CapturingtheAurora:meetattheShetlandIslesObservatory.1.WhatdoweknowaboutYoungClan’sHighlandGames?A.Itcombineseducationandpleasure. B.Itrequirespreviousexperience.C.Itoffersscenicviews. D.Ittestsathleticskills.2.WhatdoWildHighlandsExplorationandLochNessLegendsandLorehaveincommon?A.Offeringguidedhikes. B.Enhancingphotographyskills.C.Beingmostsuitableforfamilies. D.LearningabouttraditionalScottishgames.3.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheScotland’sprograms?A.Toofferavarietyofsportactivities. B.Toprovidenaturalandculturalexperiences.C.Tofocusonhistoricallandmarks. D.Toteachaboutwildlifeconservation.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰地区的多个旅游活动和项目，旨在吸引读者参加这些活动，深入探索和体验苏格兰的自然风光、历史文化和传统活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“YoungClan’sHighlandGames”部分中的“Adelightfulexperienceforchildren!TesttheirskillsintraditionalScottishgamesandcomparetheirabilitiestothehistoricallegendsofScotland.Nopriorexperienceneeded.Funandeducational,thisprogramisflexibletofityourschedule.(对孩子们来说是一次愉快的经历！在传统的苏格兰游戏中测试他们的技能，并将他们的能力与苏格兰的历史传说进行比较。不需要之前的经验。有趣和教育，这个程序是灵活的，以适应您的日程安排)”可知，“YoungClan’sHighlandGames”在游戏中测试技能，将玩乐和教育相结合。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“WildHighlandsExploration”部分中的“Perfectforfamilies,thisprogramoffersguidedhikesthroughscenictrails,wildlifespotting,andcampingadventures.(对家庭出游而言是完美的，这个项目提供引导徒步旅行通过风景秀丽的小径，野生动物发现，和露营冒险)”和“LochNessLegendsandLore”部分中的“Idealforfamiliesandphotographyenthusiasts.(适合家庭和摄影爱好者)”可知，这两种旅游活动都适合家庭出游。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Scotland’slandscapes,history,andcultureofferagreatvarietyofexperiences.Thissummer,joinouruniquerangerprogramstodiscoverScotlandlikeneverbefore!(苏格兰的风景、历史和文化提供了各种各样的体验。今年夏天，加入我们独特的游玩计划，以前所未有的方式探索苏格兰！)”可推知，这些项目的主要目的是为游客提供自然和文化体验。故选B。BWhenDarrellLangworthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.“Myparentsworkedatagolfcourse.They’dinvitealltheworkerstoThanksgivingdinner.Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway,”hesays.“Iftherewasakidintheneighborhoodwhoneededdinner,hegotit.”Ithasbecomeanessentialpartoftheirfamilylife.Today,LangworthycarriesonthetraditionathisrestaurantinColchester,Vermont,whereacombinationofbarbecueandcommunityservicehasmadeMarkBBQahotspot.ColchesterisasmalltownontheshoresofLakeChamplain,justnorthofBurlington.LocalsknowMarkBBQforitsbrisketburgers,pulled-porksandwichesandTex-Mexmeatloaf.Formany,MarkBBQisalsoastopontheroadtorecovery.Enter:RecoveryKitchen,aprogrammethatbringsformeraddictsintothekitchentobuildserviceindustryskills.TheeffortwasinspiredbymanagerCaseyDeGuise,whoarrivedwithatroubledhistoryandevenmoredetermination.“Hehadbeenturneddownfor35jobs,”Langworthysays.“Wesaid‘Let’stakeachance,’andhe’sneverletmedown.”Langworthyknowsthatalittlehelpcangoalongway.“IhadatimewhenIwasdefinitelydrinkingtoomuch,”herecalls.Now,heofferstoothersthesupportheonceneeded.HekeepsacoolerbyMarkBBQ’sfrontdoorwithfreefoodforanyonewhowantsit.Buthisfavoritepastimeisstillwatchingfullplatesturntodirtydishes.“Ifwecanpaythebillsandstaff,we’rehappy,”saysLangworthy.“Ifwecanhelpthecommunity,we’rehappier.”Sofar,DarrellLangworthyhashandedoutmorethan170,000freemeals.4.What’sthetraditionoftheLangworthyfamily?A.ToinvitepeopleinhiscommunitytoThanksgivingdinner.B.Toworkatagolfcourselikehisparents.C.TostartaprogrammecalledEnter:RecoveryKitchen.D.TohaveafamilyreuniononThanksgivingDay.5.WhatisspecialaboutDarrellLangworthy’srestaurant?A.Itservestastyandcountlessfood. B.Itoffersjobchancesforpeople.C.ItcombinesBBQandcommunityservice. D.ItliesontheshoresofLakeChamplain.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDarrellLangworthy?A.Adventurousandresponsible B.GenerousandempatheticC.Cooperativeandproductive D.Ambitiousanddemanding7.Whatmessageisconveyedinthetext?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Lovingisathingthatgrows. D.Devotionmakestheworldabetterplace.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过描述DarrellLangworthy的成长经历、他的餐厅以及他如何通过美食连接社区、传递爱心的故事，生动地展现了他的生活和事业。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“WhenDarrellLangworthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.(在DarrellLangworthy小时候，感恩节意味着30个邻居在自家车道上共享一顿家常便饭。)”以及第二段““Myparentsworkedatagolfcourse.They’dinvitealltheworkerstoThanksgivingdinner.Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway,”hesays.“Iftherewasakidintheneighborhoodwhoneededdinner,hegotit.”Ithasbecomeanessentialpartoftheirfamilylife.(“我的父母在高尔夫球场工作。他们会邀请所有的工人来吃感恩节晚餐。他们绝不会拒绝任何人，”他说。“如果附近有孩子需要吃饭，他就会给他。”它已经成为他们家庭生活中必不可少的一部分。)”可知，Langworthy家族在感恩节邀请社区里的人来吃感恩节晚餐。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today,LangworthycarriesonthetraditionathisrestaurantinColchester,Vermont,whereacombinationofbarbecueandcommunityservicehasmadeMarkBBQahotspot.(如今，Langworthy在他位于佛蒙特州科尔切斯特的餐厅里继续着这一传统，在那里，烧烤和社区服务的结合使马克烧烤成为了一个热点。)”可知，Langworthy的餐厅将烧烤和社区服务结合在一起。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Now,heofferstoothersthesupportheonceneeded.HekeepsacoolerbyMarkBBQ’sfrontdoorwithfreefoodforanyonewhowantsit.(现在，他向别人提供他曾经需要的支持。他在马克烧烤店的前门放了一个冷藏箱，里面有免费的食物给任何想吃的人。)”可知，他非常慷慨；再根据最后一段““Ifwecanpaythebillsandstaff,we’rehappy,”saysLangworthy.“Ifwecanhelpthecommunity,we’rehappier.”Sofar,DarrellLangworthyhashandedoutmorethan170,000freemeals.(“如果我们能支付账单和员工，我们就很高兴了，”Langworthy说。“如果我们能帮助社区，我们会更快乐。”到目前为止，DarrellLangworthy已经分发了超过17万份免费餐点。)”可知，Langworthy非常善解人意。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了DarrellLangworthy如何通过他的餐厅和“康复厨房”项目，将美食与社区服务相结合，为社区提供帮助和关爱。他不仅继承了父母在感恩节邀请邻居共享聚餐的传统，还在自己的餐厅继续这一传统，并通过提供免费食物给需要的人，以及为曾经的瘾君子提供工作机会，来传递爱心和关怀。DarrellLangworthy的行为体现了奉献的精神，他的努力让社区更加温暖，也让世界变得更美好。所以，选项D“Devotionmakestheworldabetterplace.(奉献让世界更美好)”符合全文主题。故选D。CInthehousewhereIgrewup,wehadaroomwecalledthelibrary.Itwasn’tareallibrary,ofcourse,itwasjustasmallroomdominatedbyatelevisionset.Buttherewerebookshelvesbuiltintoallfourwalls,andhundredsofbook—hardbackbooksofmanycolors—surroundedusinthatroom.Thebooks,collectedbymyparentsandgrandparentsthroughouttheirlifetimes,wereapartofmychildhood.Butinthe1970s,I’mnoticingaworryingtrend:amoveawayfrombooks.Americanhomesmightsoonlackdedicatedspacesforlibraries,andhardcoverbooks,oncesymbolsofenduringthoughtandwisdom,maybecomeendangered.Afriendwhoownsabookstoreinacollegetowntellsmehestrugglestosellhardbackbooks;paperbacks,thougheasiertosell,stilldisappointhim.Students,onceseenwithbooks,nowcarrymusicrecords.Readingseemstobegivingwaytolistening.Recentobservationssupportthisshift:theUniversityofIllinoisreportedthatasignificantportionoffreshmenhavereadingskillsnobetterthananaverageeighthgrader,withmanyofthesestudentshavingbeentopperformersinhighschool.Universityprofessorsnotethatevencollegegraduatesstrugglewithreadingandwriting.Theculturalimpactofthischangeisevident.Asuccessfulfictionbookmightsellamere3,000copies,whileamusicalbumbyanewband,Boston,hassoldmillions.Thisreflectsourpassiveconsumptionera,wherelisteningtomusicorwatchingshowsrequireslittleactiveengagement,unlikereadingabook,whichdemandseffortandintent.Inthepast,readingwasafundamentalpartoflife,butnow,intheeraoffastinformationaccess,booksarelosingtheirsignificantplace.Today’syoungAmericansaremorelikelytoreadadisposablepaperbackthantocherishandrereadahardcover.Inasocietythatvaluesspeedandconvenience,thebookforkeepingandrereadingisaweightydinosaur.8.Whattrendinthe1970sdoestheauthorfindconcerning?A.Theriseofpaperbackbooks. B.Theincreaseintelevisionwatching.C.Thestruggletosellhardbackbooks. D.Thedeclineinbookreadingandinterestinlibraries.9.Whatimpactdoestheshiftawayfrombookshaveoncollegestudents?A.Theymayhavedifficultyinreadingandwriting. B.Theyreadmorehardbacksthanpaperbacks.C.Theyarebuyingmorebooksthanmusicrecords. D.Theyaremorelikelytoengageindemandingwork.10.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthebookforkeepingandrereadingviewedastoday?A.Avaluableresource. B.Apopulartrend.C.Anoutdatedrelic. D.Anewinnovation.11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Library:AValuablePlace B.Books:AnEndangeredSpecies?C.ReadingMakesPeopleWise D.HardcoversAreSymbolsofWisdom【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过描述个人经历、观察和社会现象，提出了对于书籍和阅读现状的担忧，并分析了造成这种现状的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Butinthe1970s,I’mnoticingaworryingtrend:amoveawayfrombooks.Americanhomesmightsoonlackdedicatedspacesforlibraries,andhardcoverbooks,oncesymbolsofenduringthoughtandwisdom,maybecomeendangered.(但在20世纪70年代，我注意到一种令人担忧的趋势：人们开始远离书籍。美国家庭可能很快就会缺乏专门的图书馆空间，而精装书，曾经是持久思想和智慧的象征，可能会濒临灭绝)”可知，在20世纪70年代，作者发现人们开始远离书籍，对阅读和图书馆的兴趣开始下降。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Recentobservationssupportthisshift:theUniversityofIllinoisreportedthatasignificantportionoffreshmenhavereadingskillsnobetterthananaverageeighthgrader,withmanyofthesestudentshavingbeentopperformersinhighschool.(最近的观察结果支持了这一转变：伊利诺伊大学报告称，相当一部分新生的阅读能力并不比八年级学生的平均水平好，其中许多学生在高中时表现优异)”以及第四段“Universityprofessorsnotethatevencollegegraduatesstrugglewithreadingandwriting.Theculturalimpactofthischangeisevident.(大学教授指出，即使是大学毕业生也会在阅读和写作方面遇到困难)”可推知，远离书本可能会让大学生在阅读和写作方面有困难。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Today’syoungAmericansaremorelikelytoreadadisposablepaperbackthantocherishandrereadahardcover.Inasocietythatvaluesspeedandconvenience,thebookforkeepingandrereadingisaweightydinosaur.(如今的美国年轻人更倾向于阅读一次性平装书，而不是珍惜和重读精装书。在一个重视速度和方便的社会里，用来保存和重读的书就像一只笨重的恐龙)”可知，今天人们认为那些保存和重读的书就像一只笨重的恐龙。由此推知，作者认为今天被视为保存和重读的书是过时的遗物。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章作者通过描述个人经历、社会现象和观察，表达了对书籍在现代社会中地位下降的担忧，特别是对精装书可能变成濒危物种的忧虑。作者提到美国家庭可能缺乏专门的图书室空间，精装书可能变得濒危，以及年轻人更倾向于阅读一次性的平装书而不是珍藏和重读精装书等现象。由此可知，选项B“Books:AnEndangeredSpecies?(书：濒临灭绝的物种？)”准确地概括了文章的主要内容和主题，即书籍在现代社会中可能面临濒危的情况。故选B。DAsawarenessofclimatechangegrows,sodoesthedesiretodosomethingaboutit.Butthescaleoftheproblemsitcauses—fromwildfirestomeltingglacierstodroughts—canseemutterlyoverwhelming.Itcanbehardtomakeaconnectionbetweenoureverydaylivesandthesurvivalofpolarbears,letalonehowweasindividualscanhelpturnthesituationaround.Onewaytogainaquantifiableunderstandingoftheimpactsofouractions,forgoodandbad,isthroughwhatisknownasacarbonfootprint.Butwhiletheconceptisgainingtraction,itisnotalwaysfullyunderstood.AccordingtoMikeBerners-Lee,aprofessoratLancasterUniversityintheUKandauthorofTheCarbonFootprintofEverything,itis“thesumtotalofallthegreenhousegasemissionsthathadtotakeplaceinorderforaproducttobeproducedorforanactivitytotakeplace.”Whatstepsapersoncantaketoreducetheirpersonalfootprintthemostofcoursedependsonthekindoflifestyletheypresentlylive,andthesameactionsarenotequallyeffectiveforeveryone.Berners-Leenotesthat,“forsomepeople,flyingmaybe10percentoftheirfootprint,forsomepeopleit’szero,andforsomeit’ssuchahugenumberthatitshouldbetheonlythingtheyshouldbethinkingabout.”Itisn’teasytocalculateacarbonfootprintandithasbeenclaimedthattheearliestsuchcalculatorappearedin2004aspartofthe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP—afactthatcausessomeobserverstocriticizethepressuretoreducepersonalcarbonfootprintsasa“sham”to“promotetheslantthatclimatechangeisnotthefaultofanoilgiant,butthatofindividuals.”“Iwouldsaypersonalcarbonfootprintcalculatorsareausefultooltoassesstheimpactofyourimmediateactions.”Berners-Leesays.“Butwhat’smuchmoreimportantthanyourpersonalcarbonfootprintisyourclimateshadow,whichaimstopaintapictureofthefullsumofone’schoicesandtheimpacttheyhaveontheplanet.Forexample,howyouvote,whereyouwork,howyouinvestyourmoney,andhowmuchyoutalkaboutclimatechange.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“traction”inparagraph2probablymean?A.attention B.insight C.control D.power13.HowdoesBerners-Leeexplainhisopinionaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Bypresentingafact B.BymakingacomparisonC.Byclarifyingaconcept D.Bygivingsuggestions14.Whatistheobservers’attitudetothe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP?A.unclear B.favorable C.indifferent D.disapproving15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Toolsaremoreimportantthanchoices. B.Onlyindividualsareresponsibleforclimatechange.C.Climateshadowcoversabroadrangeofactions. D.Calculatingcarbonfootprintisthemosteffective.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了碳足迹的定义、如何通过碳足迹可以量化地了解我们的行为的影响。【12题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“Asawarenessofclimatechangegrows,sodoesthedesiretodosomethingaboutit.(随着人们对气候变化的意识日益增强，对气候变化采取行动的愿望也越来越强烈。)”和第二段中“Onewaytogainaquantifiableunderstandingoftheimpactsofouractions,forgoodandbad,isthroughwhatisknownasacarbonfootprint.Butwhiletheconceptisgaining...(有一种方法可以量化地了解我们的行为的影响，无论是好是坏，那就是通过所谓的碳足迹。但是，虽然这个概念越来越……)”可知，人们对气候变化的意识日益增强，对气候变化采取行动的愿望也越来越强烈，所以碳足迹这个概念越来越受到关注，划线词的含义为“关注”。A.attention注意；B.insight洞察力；C.control控制；D.power权力。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Berners-Leenotesthat,“forsomepeople,flyingmaybe10percentoftheirfootprint,forsomepeopleit’szero,andforsomeit’ssuchahugenumberthatitshouldbetheonlythingtheyshouldbethinkingabout.”(伯纳斯-李指出，“对一些人来说，飞行可能占他们足迹的10%，对一些人来说，这是零，对一些人来说，这是一个巨大的数字，应该是他们唯一应该考虑的事情。”)”可知，Berners-Lee通过进行比较解释他的观点。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Itisn’teasytocalculateacarbonfootprintandithasbeenclaimedthattheearliestsuchcalculatorappearedin2004aspartofthe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP—afactthatcausessomeobserverstocriticizethepressuretoreducepersonalcarbonfootprintsasa“sham”to“promotetheslantthatclimatechangeisnotthefaultofanoilgiant,butthatofindividuals.”(计算碳足迹并不容易，据称最早的此类计算器出现在2004年，是石油巨头英国石油公司“超越石油”运动的一部分。这一事实导致一些观察家批评减少个人碳足迹的压力是“骗局”以“宣扬气候变化不是石油巨头的错，而是个人的错”。)”可知，观察家们对石油巨头英国石油公司的“超越石油”运动持反对态度。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中““Iwouldsaypersonalcarbonfootprintcalculatorsareausefultooltoassesstheimpactofyourimmediateactions.”Berners-Leesays.“Butwhat’smuchmoreimportantthanyourpersonalcarbonfootprintisyourclimateshadow,whichaimstopaintapictureofthefullsumofone’schoicesandtheimpacttheyhaveontheplanet.Forexample,howyouvote,whereyouwork,howyouinvestyourmoney,andhowmuchyoutalkaboutclimatechange.(“我想说，个人碳足迹计算器是一个有用的工具，可以评估你的即时行动的影响。”伯纳斯-李说。“但比你的个人碳足迹更重要的是你的气候阴影，它旨在描绘一个人的选择及其对地球的影响的全貌。例如，你如何投票，在哪里工作，如何投资，以及你对气候变化的谈论程度。)”可知，气候阴影涵盖了广泛的行动。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverfallenasleepinclass?There’snoneedtobeashamedaboutdozingoffinclass.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplecanonlystaycompletelyfocusedonsomethingforamaximumof10minutes.____16____.Thisresultsinpooracademicperformance.Inthisarticle,you’lldiscover4simplestrategiestofeelenergizedandawakewhileinclass.Sleepthenightbeforeyourclass.Studentswhodozeinclassoftenmissedsleepthenightbefore.____17____.Maintainingaregularsleepscheduleandallowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.____18____.Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedthewell-known“foodcoma”aftereatingalargemeal,whichresultsinafeelingofheavinessthatdrainsyourenergy.Thisisparticularlytrueifyoueatcertainfoods,suchasamealthatishighincarbohydrates.Drinkplentyofwater,andbringsometoclasstoo.Yourbloodconcentrationthickensduetoalackoffluid,resultinginthereductionofplasma(血浆)intheblood,whichinturnmakesyourheartworkhardertosupplyoxygenandnutrientstothebody.Increaseyourwaterintakebyconsciouslytakingsipsofwaterthroughouttheday.____19____.Takenotes.Keepyourattentiononwhat’sgoingoninclassbytakingnotesastheteachergivesthelecture.Takingnotesisaneffectivewaytostayawakeinclass.____20____Yourbrainwillbeengagedinclassifyouwritedownwhatisbeingsaid.A.Avoideatingalargemealbeforeclass.B.Consumelesscarbohydrates.C.Itforcesyoutomaintainactivityinyourmind.D.Unfortunately,manyclassinstructorsaretotallyunawaretothislearningprocess.E.Furthermore,preventdehydration(脱水)andmakesureyou’rebringingwaterwithyoutoclass.F.Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefenseforstayingawakeinclass.G.It’snecessarytomakethefulluseofclasstimetoimproveacademicperformance.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.E20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在课堂上感到精力充沛、清醒的方法。【16题详解】由上文“Haveyoueverfallenasleepinclass?There’snoneedtobeashamedaboutdozingoffinclass.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplecanonlystaycompletelyfocusedonsomethingforamaximumof10minutes.(你曾经在课堂上睡着过吗？没有必要为在课堂上打瞌睡而感到羞耻。研究表明，人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只能是10分钟。)”。根据下文“Thisresultsinpooracademicperformance.”（这导致学习成绩不佳。）可知，学习过程被忽视了。故D选项“Unfortunately,manyclassinstructorsaretotallyunawaretothislearningprocess.(不幸的是，许多班主任完全没有意识到这个学习过程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。【17题详解】由下文“Maintainingaregularsleepscheduleandallowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.(保持一个有规律的睡眠时间表，让自己在睡觉前放松一下，把手机、作业和其他让你保持思维活跃的东西放在一边。)”可知，本空要说跟“充足的睡眠”有关的话题，故F选项“Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefenseforstayingawakeinclass.(充足的睡眠是你在课堂上保持清醒的第一道防线。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】由下文“Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedthewell-known“foodcoma”aftereatingalargemeal,whichresultsinafeelingofheavinessthatdrainsyourenergy.Thisisparticularlytrueifyoueatcertainfoods,suchasamealthatishighincarbohydrates.(大多数人在吃了一顿大餐后都经历过众所周知的“食物昏迷”，这导致一种沉重感，耗尽了你的能量。如果你吃了某些食物，比如碳水化合物含量高的食物，情况尤其如此。)”可知，上课前不要吃大餐，故A选项“Avoideatingalargemealbeforeclass.(避免在上课前吃大餐。)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】由上文“Drinkplentyofwater,andbringsometoclasstoo.(多喝水，上课时也要带一些。)”可知，本空要说跟“上课时带水”有关的话题，故E选项“Furthermore,preventdehydration(脱水)andmakesureyou’rebringingwaterwithyoutoclass.(此外，要防止脱水，并确保上课时带水。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【20题详解】由上文“Keepyourattentiononwhat’sgoingoninclassbytakingnotesastheteachergivesthelecture.Takingnotesisaneffectivewaytostayawakeinclass.(通过在老师讲课时做笔记，让你的注意力集中在课堂上。记笔记是在课堂上保持清醒的有效方法。)”可知，本空要说跟“课堂做笔记的好处”有关的话题，故C选项“Itforcesyoutomaintainactivityinyourmind.(它迫使你头脑保持活跃。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AstheotherfourplayersenjoythecrucialvictoryinanArenaOfValorcompetition,theyremainedunawarethattheirteammateLuDongisaParalympic____21____championwhoplayswithherfeet.At32,LuDonghas____22____alotofmedalsoverher19-yearswimmingcareer.Meanwhile,shehasenrichedherdailylifeby____23____intovarioushobbies.Lu____24____aninterestinArenaOfValorin2017.____25____,herappearancesininternetcafesdrewalotofcuriousglances,whichmadeher____26____However,italsoledtogenerouscomplimentswhenothers____27____herremarkableskills.“Theypraisedmeafterwatchingmeplaysowellwithmyfeet,whichgavemeasenseof____28____,”Lusaid.Besidesvideogames,Luhas____29____anhourdailytopianopracticeforthepastthreeyearsandhasalso_____30_____herskillsinbothcookingandbeautymakeup.Losingher_____31_____inachildhoodaccidentLustopparticipatinginP.E.classestoavoid_____32_____inherelementaryschooldays,whichmadeherphysicallyandmentally_____33_____.Luckily,shewasrecommendedtojointheprovincialswimmingteamin2004.ShewontwogoldsandtwosilversintheyouthgroupoftheNationalChampionshipin2005,earninga_____34_____inthenationalsquad(代表队).Lu’s_____35_____performancesinthepoolcaughttheeyeofBeijingSportsUniversityin2020,_____36_____thebeginningofhercollegejourney.Changingfroma(n)_____37_____girltoanationalchampion,Lugainedimmenseconfidence.Shenolonger_____38_____towearT-shirtsinsummerortotuckhersleevesintoherpocketsinwinter.“Itwasswimmingthat_____39_____thegirlwhoalwaystalkedalotandthegirlwhowasbraveenoughto_____40_____thefixedimageofthedisabled.”Lusaid.21.A.swimming B.running C.dancing D.singing22.A.accounted B.accommodated C.accomplished D.accumulated23.A.looking B.diving C.leaping D.bumping24.A.developed B.created C.made D.built25.A.Eventually B.Formally C.Initially D.Firstly26.A.confident B.comfortable C.uneasy D.annoyed27.A.approved B.witnessed C.learned D.practiced28.A.responsibility B.belonging C.identity D.achievement29.A.dedicated B.lasted C.waited D.offered30.A.found B.kept C.required D.showcased31.A.hands B.arms C.legs D.feet32.A.wounds B.damage C.injuries D.loss33.A.vulnerable B.capable C.strong D.tired34.A.degree B.living C.position D.point35.A.unique B.ordinary C.typical D.exceptional36.A.changing B.marking C.following D.proving37.A.uncommunicative B.unambitious C.selfish D.impatient38.A.managed B.attempted C.expected D.hesitated39.A.foundout B.broughtback C.wakenup D.takenaway40.A.understand B.accept C.challenge D.shape【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D36.B37.A38.D39.B40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了卢冬(音译)这位失去双臂的残奥会游泳冠军如何克服身体障碍，在游泳领域取得卓越成就，并进而在游戏、钢琴、烹饪和美容等多个领域展现自己的才能和自信。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他四名队员在《王者荣耀》比赛中取得关键胜利的时候，他们并不知道他们的队友卢冬是残奥会游泳冠军，她用脚玩游戏。A.swimming游泳；B.running跑步；C.dancing跳舞；D.singing唱歌。根据下文“Luckily,shewasrecommendedtojointheprovincialswimmingteamin2004.Shewontwogoldsandtwosilversinth