2024届青海省海东市高三下学期一模考试英语试题(无听力)（含答案解析）

高三英语试题(无听力)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADiscovertheHugeHealthBenefitsofStrengthTrainingOneofthebestwaystostayfitandhealthyasyouageistodostrengthandpowertrainingexercises.Itisknownthatwhenyouareinyourthirties,youwillbegintolosemusclemass.Thislossactuallycontributestoachyjoints,theincreasedriskofinjury,andthe“middle-agespread”weallfear.What’smore,theolderyouget,thefastermusclemassloses.Itmeansthateventually,simpletaskslikegettingoutofachairandclimbingstairscanbecomemoredifficult.Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoubuildmuscles,makeyoustrong,increaseyourstayingpowerandmakeeverydayactivitieseasier.Bycombiningstrengthandpowertrainingexercises,you’llnotonlygetstronger,butalsoimproveyourreactionspeed.Asyougrowolder,that’scriticalbecauseitcanhelppreventfalls.Hereisabook,StrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAges,foryourreference.Commonsenseaboutfitnessinthebook:·Thekeymusclestoworkforaninjury-freebody·Howtotellhowmuchweightissuitableforyou·Howtostrengthenthebonesmostlikelytobreak·Howtotakepressureoffyourkneeswhenwalkingorrunning·Whyyou’llwanttoapplyheattosorejointsbeforeyouexerciseFourtotalbodyworkoutsinthebook:·Buildbones·Fightdiseases·Improvebalance·Strengthenmuscles&IncreasemusclepowerGetacopy,starttraining,andthenyou’lldiscoverawholenewself.1.Whatwillhappenaspeopleageaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theywillneedlessexercise.B.Theywillimprovereactionspeed.C.Theywillexperiencemuscleloss.D.Theywillhavebetterstayingpower.2.WhatdoesStrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAgesmainlyteachpeopletodo?A.Traintheirbrains. B.Buildasoundbody.C.Treatbonediseases. D.Cutdowntheirweight.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anotice. B.Anoralfolktale.C.Ascientificpaper. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要给读者推荐《所有年龄段的力量和力量训练》这本书。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Itisknownthatwhenyouareinyourthirties,youwillbegintolosemusclemass.Thislossactuallycontributestoachyjoints,theincreasedriskofinjury,andthe“middle-agespread”weallfear.What’smore,theolderyouget,thefastermusclemassloses.(众所周知，当你在30多岁的时候，你会开始失去肌肉。这种损失实际上会导致关节疼痛，受伤的风险增加，以及我们都害怕的“中年传播”。更重要的是，你年纪越大，肌肉流失得越快。)”可知，随着年龄的增长，人们将经历肌肉损失。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Strengthtrainingcanhelpyoubuildmuscles,makeyoustrong,increaseyourstayingpowerandmakeeverydayactivitieseasier.Bycombiningstrengthandpowertrainingexercises,you’llnotonlygetstronger,butalsoimproveyourreactionspeed.Asyougrowolder,that’scriticalbecauseitcanhelppreventfalls.Hereisabook,

StrengthandPowerTrainingforAllAges ,foryourreference.(力量训练可以帮助你锻炼肌肉，使你强壮，增加你的耐力，使日常活动更容易。通过结合力量和力量训练，你不仅会变得更强壮，还会提高你的反应速度。随着年龄的增长，这是至关重要的，因为它可以帮助防止跌倒。这里有一本书，《所有年龄段的力量和力量训练》，供你参考。)”可知，《所有年龄段的力量和力量训练》主要教人们建立一个健全的身体。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了力量锻炼和《所有年龄段的力量和力量训练》这本书对力量锻炼的好处，结合文章最后一段“Getacopy,starttraining,andthenyou’lldiscoverawholenewself.(买一本，开始训练，然后你会发现一个全新的自己)”推知，本文是一则宣传书的广告。故选D。BMyfamilyvisitedthecoastaltownofSt.PeteBeach.Florida.Withitsprettysandybeaches,deepbluewatersandyear-roundsunshine,it’scleartoseewhySt.Peteisapopulartouristdestinationamongtravelersfromaroundtheworld.Justafewfeetfromourapartment,wefoundourselveswalkingonwhitesandtowardsthebrightblueocean.Weweresoongreetedbyamanofferingustheuseofoneofhisluxurybeachcabanas(小屋)forthedayataveryreasonablepriceandsettledintoafulldayofrelaxation.Thepeacefulatmospherewasatrueescapefromthehustleandbustle(喧嚣)ofthecity.Itwassoeasytowhileawaythedaysfrommorninguntildusk,enjoyingthewarmthofthesun’sraysandgettinglostinagoodbook,beforetakingaquickswiminthecalmwaterstocooloff.Oncethesunset,therewasavariousrangeofbarsandrestaurantstochoosefromjustafewstepsaway.Thewarmeveningatmospherewaspepperedwiththemouthwateringsmellofsizzlingfreshly-caughtfish.Theonlyhardshipwastryingtodecidewheretodineeacheveningwithsomanytastyoptions!Afterawhile,webegantodesireabitmoreadventureonourtripwhich,toourdelight,wediscoveredwaseasytocomeby.Ononeofouroutings,wetookaboattriptotheundisturbedislandofEgmontKeyStatePark.Thereweexploredtheruinsofamilitaryoutpostbuiltin1898anda150-year-oldworkinglighthouse.Theislandisalsoaprotectedwildlifereserve.Onourreturnjourney,wewereexcitedtodiscoverwewerebeingfollowedbyoveradozendolphins,whoweretakingturnstoleapoutofthewaterplayfullyinthewakeofourboat.4.Whatmadetheauthor’sfamilyselectSt.PeteBeachasthedestination?A.Watersports. B.Thecity’sbusynightlife.C.Somehistoricalbuildings. D.Thebeautifulbeachandweather.5.Whydidthefamilydecidetospendadayinabeachcabana?A.Becauseofsomefunactivities.B.Becauseofacost-effectiveoffer.C.Becauseofnearhistoricallandmarks.D.Becauseofthedistanceofitfromtheirapartment.6.Whattroubledtheauthor’sfamilywhentheychoseaplacetoeat?A.Friendlyatmosphereineachrestaurant.B.Highpricesinmostrestaurants.C.Diversechoicesavailable.D.Familymembers’preferencesforfood.7.Whataddedexcitementtothefamily’sreturnboattrip?A.Thepresenceofawildlifeexpertintheboat.B.Dolphinsfollowingandplayingaroundtheboat.C.Thediscoveryofhiddentreasuresontheboat.D.Asurprisingvisitfromsomelocalresidents.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了作者一家去St.PeteBeach度假的经历。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Withitsprettysandybeaches,deepbluewatersandyear-roundsunshine,it’scleartoseewhySt.Peteisapopulartouristdestinationamongtravelersfromaroundtheworld.(有着美丽的沙滩、深蓝的海水和全年的阳光，很清楚为什么圣彼得是世界各地游客的热门旅游目的地。)”可知，作者一家选择到St.PeteBeach度假是因为它拥有美丽的沙滩、深蓝的海水和终年的阳光。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Weweresoongreetedbyamanofferingustheuseofoneofhisluxurybeachcabanas(小屋)forthedayataveryreasonablepriceandsettledintoafulldayofrelaxation.(很快，迎接我们的是一位男士，他以非常合理的价格为我们提供了一天的豪华海滩小屋，让我们放松了一整天。)”可知，作者一家选择在沙滩小屋度过一天是因为小屋的主人给了一个经济实惠的报价。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theonlyhardshipwastryingtodecidewheretodineeacheveningwithsomanytastyoptions!(唯一的困难是决定每天晚上在哪里吃饭，有这么多美味的选择！)”可知，因为有太多美味的食物可选择，所以他们很难决定去哪里吃饭。故选C项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Onourreturnjourney,wewereexcitedtodiscoverwewerebeingfollowedbyoveradozendolphins,whoweretakingturnstoleapoutofthewaterplayfullyinthewakeofourboat.(在我们的回程中，我们很兴奋地发现身后跟着十几只海豚，它们在我们的船后面轮流顽皮地跳出水面。)”可知，在回程中，作者一家兴奋地发现有十几只海豚跟在他们船后轮番跳出水面嬉戏。故选B项。CClimatechangeiscausingmoreareastoturnintodeserts.Thisissueisaffectingthelivesof250millionpeopleaslandthatusedtobegoodforfarmingbecomesdryandunproductive.Aroundone-thirdoftheworld’slandisimpacted,includingregionsinAfrica,southernEurope,AsiaandAmerica.SandtoGreenisaMoroccancompanythatcantransformapatchofdesertintoasustainable(可持续的)andprofitableplantationinfiveyears,accordingtoWissalBenMoussa,itsco-founderandchiefagriculturalofficer.Thesolutionisusingagroforestry(农林业)tocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilient(有适应力的)infrontofclimatechange.Thesystemcanbesetupclosetoanysourceofsaltywater,whichSandtoGreencleansusingenergyfromthesun.Itthengrowsdifferenttypesoffruittreesandplantstogetherinthesamearea—amethodcalledmixedplanting—andwaterstheplants’rootsdirectlywiththecleanedwater,toreducewaterlosstotheair.ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls“greenmanure”,amixturethatincludescompost,biochar(生物炭)andmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil“wakeup”.Biocharisaformofcharcoalthatcanhelpdrysoilholdontowater.Inafive-hectaretrialinsouthernMoroccothat’sbeenrunningsince2017,SandtoGreenhastriedoutavarietyofplantsinsearchofthebestperformers.Amongtheintercroppingherbs(草本植物)thathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas“verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit”.SandtoGreenisnowworkingtoscaleuptoa20-hectarecommercialsite,alsoinsouthernMorocco.Itsaysasiteofthatsizewouldcostaround$475,000tosetupandwouldstartbringingfinancialreturnsinaboutfiveyears.AccordingtoBenMoussa,withthissystemtheycreatebiodiversity,whichmeansbettersoil,healthiercropsandabiggeryield.Theplantationcangenerate1.5timesmoreyield,thusmakingmoremoneythanafarmthatgrowsonlyonetypeofcropinthesamespace.8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Deforestation. B.Desertification.C.Globalwarming. D.Urbanization.9.WhydidSandtoGreenuseagroforestry?A.Topreservethecrop’ssurvivalrate.B.Toprotectwaterfrompollution.C.Tomakeanewtypeofsoil.D.Tohelppeopleadapttoclimatechange.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutSandtoGreen?A.Itaimstoplantmoretrees.B.Itearnsagoodreputation.C.Itdevelopsnewplants.D.Itproducesgoodresults.11Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scaleup”meaninparagraph5?A.Expand. B.Object. C.Refer. D.Prefer.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化导致越来越多的地区变成沙漠。这一问题正在影响2.5亿人的生活，因为过去适合耕种的土地变得干旱和贫瘠。摩洛哥的一家公司可以在五年内将一片沙漠变成一个可持续的、有利可图的种植园。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Climatechangeiscausingmoreareastoturnintodeserts.Thisissueisaffectingthelivesof250millionpeopleaslandthatusedtobegoodforfarmingbecomesdryandunproductive.Aroundone-thirdoftheworld’slandisimpacted,includingregionsinAfrica,southernEurope,AsiaandAmerica.”（气候变化导致越来越多的地区变成沙漠。这一问题正在影响2.5亿人的生活，因为过去适合耕种的土地变得干旱和贫瘠。全球约三分之一的土地受到影响，包括非洲、南欧、亚洲和美洲地区。）可知，作者在第一段描述了沙漠化的现象。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesolutionisusingagroforestry(农林业)tocreateanewkindofagriculturethatissustainableandthatcanberesilient(有适应力的)infrontofclimatechange.”（解决方案是利用农林业来创造一种可持续的新型农业，这种农业可以在气候变化面前具有弹性。）以及第三段中“ThesoilisregeneratedusingwhatSandtoGreencalls“greenmanure”,amixturethatincludescompost,biochar(生物炭)andmicroorganismsthathelpthesoil“wakeup”.”（土壤的再生使用“从沙到绿”所谓的“绿肥”，这是一种混合物，包括堆肥、生物炭和微生物，可以帮助土壤“苏醒”。）可知，沙改绿采用农林业是因为可以保持作物的存活率。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Amongtheintercroppingherbs(草本植物)thathavebeensuccessfullytrialedarerosemary,geranium,vetiverandcitronella,whichBenMoussadescribesas“verylow-maintenanceandveryhigh-profit”.”（在已成功试验的间作草药中，有迷迭香、天竺葵、香根草和香茅，本·穆萨称这些草药“维护成本低，利润高”。）可推知，从沙到绿，我们能了解到它产生了良好的效果。故选D项。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中“Itsaysasiteofthatsizewouldcostaround$475,000tosetupandwouldstartbringingfinancialreturnsinaboutfiveyears.”（该公司表示，这种规模的网站将花费约47.5万美元来建立，并将在大约五年内开始带来经济回报。）由此可知，此处为“从沙到绿”目前正在努力扩大到20公顷的商业用地。故可猜测划线短语scaleup为“扩大”的意思，结合选项A项Expand“扩大”意思一致。故选A项。DAsugarreplacementcallederythritol(赤藓糖醇)hasbeenlinkedtobloodclotting(血液凝固),stroke,heartattackanddeath,accordingtoanewstudy.“Thedegreeofriskwasnotmodest,”saidleadstudyauthorDr.StanleyHazen.Peoplewithexistingriskfactorsforheartdiseasewillbetwiceaslikelytoexperiencetheriskiftheyhavethehighestlevelsoferythritolintheirblood.Erythritolappearstobecausingbloodplatelets(血小板)toclotmorereadily.Clotscanbreakoffandtraveltotheheartorthebrain,causingaheartattackorastroke.Erythritolisasugaralcohol,acarbfoundnaturallyinmanyfruitsandvegetables.However,artificiallymanufacturedinmassivequantities,erythritolhasbecomeanextremelypopularadditivetolow-carbproducts.Thediscoveryoftheconnectionbetweenerythritolandcardiovascularissueswaspurelyaccidental.Hazen’sresearchhadasimplegoal:findunknownchemicalsorcompoundsinaperson’sblood.Todoso,theteamanalyzed1,157bloodsamples.“Wefoundthissubstancethatseemedtoplayabigrole,butwedidn’tknowitwaserythritol,asweeteneruntillater,”saidHazen.Toconfirmthefindings,theteamtestedanothertwobatchesofbloodsamplesandfoundthathigherlevelsoferythritolwereconnectedtoagreaterriskofheartattack,strokeordeathwithinthreeyears.“Thiscertainlysoundsanalarm,”saidDr.AndrewFreeman,directorofahospitalinDenver.“Scienceneedstotakeadeeperdiveintoerythritolandinahurry,becausethissubstanceiswidelyavailablerightnow.Ifit’sharmful,weshouldknowaboutit.”Hazenagreed,“Inormallydon’tgetuponapedestal(崇高地位)andsoundthealarm,butthisissomethingthatIthinkweneedtobelookingatcarefully.”12.Abouttherisk,whatdoesHazen’swordinparagraph2mean?A.Itisnotworthconsidering. B.Itisremovedbyerythritol.C.Itshouldnotbeunderestimated. D.Itisjustpresentinpeoplewithdisease.13.Whatdoweknowabouterythritol?A.Itsqualityisuncertain. B.Ithasbeenusedwidelyinfood.C.Itismanufacturedbyartists. D.Itmainlyexistsinfruits.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Erythritolisnotavailabletopeople.B.Hazenlikeswarningpeopleaboutpotentialdangers.C.Peoplehaverealizedthaterythritolisdangerous.D.Furtherresearchshouldbedoneonerythritol.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheAccidentalDiscoveryofaNewSweetenerB.ThePotentialHealthRisksofErythritolUncoveredC.TheRiseofErythritolasaPopularSugarSubstituteD.TheSurprisingBenefitsofErythritolinDietProducts【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““Thedegreeofriskwasnotmodest,”saidleadstudyauthorDr.StanleyHazen.Peoplewithexistingriskfactorsforheartdiseasewillbetwiceaslikelytoexperiencetheriskiftheyhavethehighestlevelsoferythritolintheirblood.Erythritolappearstobecausingbloodplatelets(血小板)toclotmorereadily.Clotscanbreakoffandtraveltotheheartorthebrain,causingaheartattackorastroke.”（该研究的主要作者斯坦利·哈森博士说：“风险程度并不低。”如果血液中赤藓糖醇的含量达到最高水平，有心脏病风险因素的人患心脏病的可能性会增加一倍。赤藓糖醇似乎能使血小板更容易凝结。血块会破裂并进入心脏或大脑，导致心脏病发作或中风。）可推知，关于风险，哈森在第二段的话是为了表明它不应被低估。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Erythritolisasugaralcohol,acarbfoundnaturallyinmanyfruitsandvegetables.However,artificiallymanufacturedinmassivequantities,erythritolhasbecomeanextremelypopularadditivetolow-carbproducts.”（赤藓糖醇是一种糖醇，是一种存在于许多水果和蔬菜中的天然碳水化合物。然而，大量人工制造的赤藓糖醇已经成为一种非常受欢迎的低碳水化合物产品添加剂。）可知，赤藓糖醇它被广泛应用于食品中。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Thiscertainlysoundsanalarm,”saidDr.AndrewFreeman,directorofahospitalinDenver.“Scienceneedstotakeadeeperdiveintoerythritolandinahurry,becausethissubstanceiswidelyavailablerightnow.Ifit’sharmful,weshouldknowaboutit.””（丹佛一家医院的院长安德鲁·弗里曼博士说：“这无疑敲响了警钟。”“科学需要对赤藓糖醇进行更深入的研究，而且要抓紧时间，因为这种物质现在已经广泛存在。如果它有害，我们应该知道它。”）可推知，科学应该对赤藓糖醇进行进一步的研究。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Asugarreplacementcallederythritol(赤藓糖醇)hasbeenlinkedtobloodclotting(血液凝固),stroke,heartattackanddeath,accordingtoanewstudy.”（一项新的研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。）可知，文章主要讲的是研究表明，一种名为赤藓糖醇的糖替代品与血液凝固、中风、心脏病发作和死亡有关。故文章最好的标题是“发现赤藓糖醇的潜在健康风险”。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youknowyoureallywanttogetgoodgrades.Yourparentshaveputthepressureonyou,oryou’vepromisedthatyou’lldobetter.____16____Ifyouworktofindafocusedmindsetandestablishastudyschedule,youcancutoutthedistractionsyouhavecontroloverandminimizetheonesyoucan’tstopcompletely.Tuneoutspecificdistractionsasyounoticethem.Sayyou’retryingtostudyinthelibraryandyoukeepgettingdistractedbysomeonetexting.Takenoteofthisspecificdistractionandthentellyourselfyou’regoingtoovercomeit.____17____Andeventuallyyou’llnolongernoticeit.Giveyourselfabreak.____18____Soit’snosurpriseifyoufindyourselfdistractedfromstudyingbythoughtsaboutalotofotherthings.Ratherthanactinglikeallofthoseotherneedsdon’texist,giveyourselfanoutlet.Spendfiveminutesthinkingabouteverythingthatisonyourplate,butthentellyourselfthatit’stimetofocusonthemaintask—studying.Prioritizeyourstudyingbysettingamaingoal.Whenyou’vegotanexamcomingup,it’seasytothinkyouneedtostudyeverything.Ifyouwanttomakethingsmoremanageableandbelesspronetobecomingdistracted,doasfollows:____19________20____Somepeopleimaginethatknockingoutseveralthingsatoncemeansyoucanworkfaster.However,doingyourhomeworkwhilewatchingTVorshoppingonlinewillcauseyoutoloseyourfocus.Soconcentrateonapieceofworkatatimeinstead.Ifyoufollowtheaboveconsistently,you’llfindthatyougraduallyspendlessandlesstimebeingdistracted.A.Lifecangetreallybusy.B.Don’tattempttomultitask.C.Putofftheeasiertasksinstead.D.Butyouarelikelyunabletoconcentrate.E.Breakthingsdownandestablishjustoneprimarygoal.F.Sometimessteppingawayfromstudiescanbemorebeneficial.G.Keepdoingthiseverytimesomethingtakingyourattentionawaycomesup.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.E20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一些减少干扰的方法。【16题详解】根据下文“Ifyouworktofindafocusedmindsetandestablishastudyschedule,youcancutoutthedistractionsyouhavecontroloverandminimizetheonesyoucan’tstopcompletely.(如果你努力找到一种专注的心态并制定一个学习时间表，你可以减少你可以控制的干扰，并尽量减少那些你无法完全停止的干扰。)”可知，下文讲的是解决办法，故空格处应提出问题。D项“Butyouarelikelyunabletoconcentrate.(但你可能无法集中注意力。)”提出“无法专注”这一问题，承上启下，符合语境，故选D项。【17题详解】根据本段主旨句“Tuneoutspecificdistractionsasyounoticethem.(当你注意到特定的干扰时，就要排除它们。)”可知，本段主要讲要排除干扰。根据下文“Andeventuallyyou’llnolongernoticeit.(最终你将不再注意到它。)”可知，空格处与下文是顺承关系，下文讲的是做某事的结果，故空格处应讲该做什么。G项“Keepdoingthiseverytimesomethingtakingyourattentionawaycomesup.(每次出现让你分心的事情时，都要坚持这样做。)”承上启下，且符合本段主旨，故选G项。【18题详解】根据本段主旨句“Giveyourselfabreak.(让自己休息一下。)”可知，本段主要讲要让自己休息。根据下文“Soit’snosurpriseifyoufindyourselfdistractedfromstudyingbythoughtsaboutalotofotherthings.(所以，如果你发现自己被很多其他事情的想法分散了学习的注意力，也就不足为奇了。)”可知，空格处与下文是因果关系。A项“Lifecangetreallybusy.(生活会变得非常忙碌。)”是注意力被分散的原因，故选A项。【19题详解】根据本段主旨句“Prioritizeyourstudyingbysettingamaingoal.(通过设定一个主要目标来优先考虑你的学习。)”可知，本段主要讲要设定一个主要目标。根据上文“Ifyouwanttomakethingsmoremanageableandbelesspronetobecomingdistracted,doasfollows:(如果你想让事情更易于管理，不太容易分心，请按照以下步骤进行：)”可知，下文应承接上文讲具体做法。E项“Breakthingsdownandestablishjustoneprimarygoal.(把事情分解，只确立一个主要目标。)”承接上文且符合本段主旨。oneprimarygoal与主旨句中的amaingoal呼应。故选E项。【20题详解】空格处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Somepeopleimaginethatknockingoutseveralthingsatoncemeansyoucanworkfaster.However,doingyourhomeworkwhilewatchingTVorshoppingonlinewillcauseyoutoloseyourfocus.Soconcentrateonapieceofworkatatimeinstead.(有些人认为一次搞定几件事意味着你可以更快地工作。然而，在看电视或网上购物时做家庭作业会导致你失去注意力。所以一次只专注于一件工作。)”可知，本段主要讲要一次专注一件事情。B项“Don’tattempttomultitask.(不要试图一心多用。)”最能概括本段主旨，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。SomeoftheclassroomsatTaftElementaryinSantaClara,California,haveoneflawincommon.Theydon’thave____21____.FormerschoolpsychologistErnestoRodriguezthoughtthelackofwindowsdoes____22____kids,becauseresearchshowsbeinginandaroundnature____23____anxietyandhasbenefitsforstudents.Rodriguez,whoisnowaparkranger(护林员)onSouthernCalifornia’sCatalinaIsland____24____knowstheimpactnaturehasonmentalhealth,andbegan____25____onhispassion—landscapephotography.Itwasduringhistrainingtobecomeaparkrangerthathelearnedafactthat____26____withhim.“Kidswhohaveviewsoutwindowstotreesdo____27____academically,emotionallyandcreatively.Andmorekids____28____andgotocollege,”hesaid.“Ithought,whyisn’tthisbeingused?”Rodriguezuseshisphotographyskillstotake360degree____29____oftreecanopies(树冠),thenheprintsthemand____30____themontoceilingtiles.“Sowhenyou____31____itfeelslikeyou’resittingunderatree.Andithasallthose____32____ofthesciencethathelpscalmyoudown,focusandcommunicate,”hesaid.AstudentnamedOctaviothinkstreesbringhim____33____.“Itissurprisingtoseebecauseanytimeyou’reinsideofaschool,youmostlydon’tsee____34____ortrees.Butnowit’s____35____toseethattherearetreeshere,”Octaviosaid.“Iwouldsaythatit’sprettygreatand____36____.”Rodriguezsaysifyoustilldon’tbelieveinthesciencebehindtheart,youcan____37____ityourselfbygoingoutsideandlookingupatthetrees.“Thisisa(n)____38____ofbothmycareersasaschoolpsychologistandaphotographer,”Rodriguezsaid.“Andtobe____39____tocreateimagery—andspendtimeoutinnaturecreatingimagerythatIknowisgoingtohelppeople—isreallya____40____”.21.A.desks B.windows C.curtains D.blackboards22.A.spoil B.attract C.affect D.frighten23.A.shares B.kills C.arouses D.eases24.A.deeply B.rarely C.simply D.curiously25.A.depending B.calling C.focusing D.counting26.A.stuck B.fought C.filled D.concerned27.A.quicker B.better C.earlier D.worse28.A.register B.revise C.skip D.graduate29.A.ways B.views C.shots D.angles30.A.takes B.moves C.throws D.fits31.A.lookup B.getin C.comeout D.sitdown32.A.contents B.elements C.types D.powers33.A.credit B.trouble C.peace D.fun34.A.changes B.signs C.books D.plants35.A.amazing B.normal C.common D.scarce36.A.convenient B.sacred C.practical D.beautiful37.A.draw B.try C.take D.study38.A.design B.marriage C.honor D.image39.A.confident B.likely C.able D.happy40.A.motivator B.privacy C.matter D.question【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A36.D37.B38.B39.C40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是ErnestoRodriguez利用自己的摄影技术，拍摄树的照片安装在教室的天花板上，这对于学生有很大的好处。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们没有窗户。A.desks桌子；B.windows窗户；C.curtains窗帘；D.blackboards黑板。根据下文“thelackofwindows”可知，那儿的教室没有窗户。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前学校心理学家ErnestoRodriguez认为，没有窗户确实会影响孩子，因为研究表明，在大自然中或大自然周围可以缓解焦虑，对学生有好处。A.spoil破坏；B.attract吸引；C.affect影响；D.frighten使惊吓，使惊恐。根据下文“hasbenefitsforstudents”可知，在大自然中或大自然周围对学生好，所以是对孩子有影响。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：前学校心理学家ErnestoRodriguez认为，没有窗户确实会影响孩子，因为研究表明，在大自然中或大自然周围可以缓解焦虑，对学生有好处。A.shares分享；B.kills杀死；C.arouses唤醒；D.eases缓解。根据下文“hasbenefitsforstudents”可知，在大自然中或大自然周围对学生有好处，肯定是可以缓解焦虑。故选D。24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez现在是南加州卡塔利娜岛的一名公园护林员，他深知大自然对心理健康的影响，并开始专注于他的爱好——风景摄影。A.deeply深深地；B.rarely很少；C.simply仅仅，只；D.curiously好奇地。根据下文“knowstheimpactnaturehasonmentalhealth”可知，他深深地知道大自然对心理健康的影响。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez现在是南加州Catalina岛的一名公园护林员，他深知大自然对心理健康的影响，并开始专注于他的爱好——风景摄影。A.depending依靠；B.calling打电话；C.focusing集中；D.counting数数。根据下文“onhispassion—landscapephotography”可知，他专注于他的爱好——风景摄影，focuson意为“专注于”。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他接受训练成为一名护林员的过程中，他学到了一个让他终生难忘的事实。A.stuck粘，贴；B.fought与……作斗争；C.filled（使）充满，占满；D.concerned使忧虑，使担心。根据上文“afact”和下文“withhim”可知，在他接受训练成为一名护林员的过程中，他学到了一个让他终生难忘的事实，stickwithsb.意为“紧跟着某人”。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：能看到窗外树木的孩子在学业、情感和创造力上都表现得更好。A.quicker更快地；B.better更好地；C.earlier更早地；D.worse更差地。根据下文“gotocollege”可知，能看到窗外树木的孩子在学业上表现更好。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更多的孩子毕业并进入大学。A.register注册；B.revise修改；C.skip跳过；D.graduate毕业。根据下文“andgotocollege”可知，孩子是先毕业，然后进入大学。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez用他的摄影技巧拍摄了360度的树冠，然后他将它们打印出来并安装在天花板上。A.ways方法；B.views观点；C.shots照片；D.angles角度。根据上文“useshisphotographyskills”可知，罗德里格斯用他的摄影技巧拍摄了360度的树冠，空格处意为“照片”。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez用他的摄影技巧拍摄了360度的树冠，然后他将它们打印出来并安装在天花板上。A.takes拿走；B.moves移动；C.throws扔；D.fits安装。根据下文“ontoceilingtiles”可知，他把打印出来的照片安装在天花板上。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以当你抬头看的时候，你会觉得自己坐在树下。A.lookup抬头看；B.getin进入；C.comeout出来；D.sitdown坐下。根据下文“itfeelslikeyou’resittingunderatree”可知，抬头看时会觉得自己坐在树下。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它具有所有这些科学元素，可以帮助你冷静下来，集中注意力和沟通。A.contents内容；B.elements元素；C.types类型；D.powers权力。根据下文“ofthescience”可知，它具有所有这些科学元素。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫Octavio的学生认为树木给他带来了平静。A.credit信用；B.trouble麻烦；C.peace平静；D.fun乐趣。根据上文“helpscalmyoudown”可知，这个学生认为树木给他带来了平静。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很令人惊讶，因为无论何时你在学校里，你都看不到植物或树木。A.changes改变；B.signs标识；C.books书；D.plants植物。根据下文“ortrees”可知，无论何时你在学校里，你都看不到植物或树木。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在看到这里有树真是太神奇了。A.amazing令人惊奇的；B.normal正常的；C.common常见的；D.scarce稀有的，少见的。根据上文“Itissurprisingtosee”可知，现在看到这里有树真是太神奇了。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会说它非常棒，非常漂亮。A.convenient方便的；B.sacred神圣的；C.practical实用的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根据上文“therearetreeshere”和“it’sprettygreat”可知，树非常漂亮。故选D。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez说，如果你仍然不相信艺术背后的科学，你可以自己去外面看看树木。A.draw画画；B.try尝试；C.take拿走；D.study学习。根据下文“bygoingoutsideandlookingupatthetrees”可知，你可以通过自己去外面看看树木来试试。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我作为学校心理学家和摄影师两种职业的结合。A.design设计；B.marriage结合；C.honor荣誉；D.image图像。根据下文“bothmycareersasaschoolpsychologistandaphotographer”可知，这是作为学校心理学家和摄影师两种职业的结合。故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能够创造图像，花时间在大自然中创造图像，我知道这将有助于人们，这真是一种动力。A.confident自信的；B.likely可能的；C.able能够的；D.happy高兴的。根据下文“spendtimeoutinnaturecreatingimagery”以及第三段“Rodriguezuseshisphotographyskills”可知，此处表示“他能够创造图像”。故选C。40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：能够创造图像，花时间在大自然中创造图像，我知道这将有助于人们，这真的是一种动力。A.motivator动力；B.privacy隐私；C.matter物质；D.question问题。根据上文“spendtimeoutinnaturecreatingimagerythatIknowisgoingtohelppeople”可知，他创造的图像能够帮助到人，这对于他来说是一种动力。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。____41____isdifficulttodeterminetheexactoriginofInternationalWomen’sDay(IWD).However,itisknownthatin1908,15,000womenmarchedthroughNewYorkCity,____42____(demand)votingrights,betterpayand____43____(short)workinghours.____44____followingyear,thefirstNationalWomen’sDaywasobservedintheUSonFebruary28,accordingtoanannouncementbytheSocialistPartyofAmerica.In1910,ClaraZetkin,leaderoftheWomen’sOfficefortheSocialDemocraticPartyinGermany,____45____(propose)theideaofInternationalWomen’sDay.ShesuggestedthateverycountrycelebrateInternationalWomen’sDay____46____onedayeveryyeartopushfortheirdemands.Ameetingofover100womenfrom17countriesagreedtohersuggestion,andInternationalWomen’sDaywasformed.In1911,March19thmarkedthefirst____47____(celebrate)ofInternationalWomen’sDayinAustria,Denmark,Germany____48____Switzerland.In1913,thedecisionwasmade____49____(change)thedatetoMarch8th,andithasbeencelebratedonthatdayeversince.TheUnitedNationsonly