江苏省2023-2024学年决胜新高考高三下学期4月大联考英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省2023-2024学年决胜新高考高三下学期4月大联考英语试题第一部分听力略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AMagazinesmakegreatreadingmaterialsforkids.Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!MilitaryKidsLifeItisaboutfindingthebrightsideoflifeasamilitarykid!Insideeachquarterlyissue,yourchildwillencounterinspiringstories,articles,andphotographs!(8to16years)FacesWitharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)MakeMakemagazinepublishestestedprojects,skill-buildingtutorials,in-depthreviewsandinspirationalstories,accessiblebyallagesandskillranges.(9to18years)BrioBriomagazineforteengirlshasafreshnewlookthatincludesmorepagesfilledwithinspiringprofiles,culturalinsights,health&beautytips,faith-filledfeaturesandaddedfun!(13to18years)Pleasenote:Thoughallthemagazinesonthislistarewrittenforchildren,someissuesmaycontaincontentthatyoumayfeelinappropriateforyourchild.Asalways,pleasereviewallreadingmaterialsbeforegivingthemtoyourchildtoread.1.Whichmagazinecanhelpdevelopkids’internationalawareness?A.Faces. B.Make.C.Brio. D.MilitaryKidsLife.2.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Allthemagazinesareproperforchildren.B.Magazinesareusuallypublishedforchildren.C.Somemagazineshavebackissuesinlibraries.D.Onlymagazinesforkidsareaccessibleinlibraries.3.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toargue. B.Toinform.C.Toentertain. D.Topersuade.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况。〖答案〗1.A2.C3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Faces部分的“Witharticles,folktales,andhands-onprojects,Facesmagazinetakesyoungreadersaroundtheworldforanhonestandobjectiveviewofhowchildreninotherregionslive.(9to14years)(通过文章、民间故事和实践项目，Faces杂志让世界各地的年轻读者诚实客观地了解其他地区儿童的生活方式。（9至14岁）)”可知，Faces能帮助培养孩子们的国际意识。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!(有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！)”可知，有些杂志有过刊，故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Librariesoftenhavealargeselectionofperiodicals(期刊)foreveryagegroupandreadinglevel,andformanyareasofinterest.Andsomemagazinesmayevenhaveissuesgoingbackyearsandevendecades!Belowisalistofsomeofthem!(图书馆通常有大量的期刊可供选择，适合每个年龄段和阅读水平，以及许多兴趣领域。有些杂志甚至有几年甚至几十年前的过刊！下面是其中的一些列表！)”可知，本文主要介绍的是适合孩子的几本杂志的相关情况，因此本文的目的是告知这些杂志的情况，故选B。BTherecanbenodoubtthatStephenKing,NewYorkTime’sBest-Sellingauthor,hasfoundsuccessinmanyaspects,butitwasn’talwayslikethis.Kingwitnessedtragedyandhorrorsfromtheverybeginning.Whenhewas2yearsold,hisfathertoldhismomthathewasgoingouttogetcigarettesbutinfact,henevercameback,hehadabandonedhisfamily.ThislefthismotherRuthtocareforStephenandhiselderbrotherDavidonherown.Ruthwasforcedtomoveoften,desperatelylookingforworkasshewasnowtheonlyproviderofthefamily,andshehadtorelyonrelativesmostofthetime.OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,whichdemotivatedhimtoo.AlthoughStephenKingdidn’tseehischildhoodassomethingextraordinaryorspecial,hedidsaythathewasalwaysfascinatedbyscarythings.PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomhadtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.StephenKing’sloveofstorieswasdevelopedfromaveryyoungageandhecarriedthattraditionwithhisownchildrenalongwithhiswifeTabitha.In1973,StephenKingstartedhisamazingjourneyofsuccesswhenhepublishedhisfirstnovelCarrie,whichisscary.TherestfollowedfromafterthatashepublishedmanyamazingbookslikeTheShining,IT,Firestarter,andCujo.Allofthesebooksbecameinstantclassicsandgottheirownmovieandtelevisionshowsadaptions.4.WhatismainlytalkedaboutaboutStephenKinginthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hisachievementsinwriting. B.Hisunfortunatechildhood.C.Hisdifficultyinsupportingthefamily. D.Hismother’sbitterexperiences.5.WhatleftStephenKingnotevenspeakingasingleword?A.Hewasknockeddownbyapassingtrain. B.Hewasbadlycriticizedbyaclosefriend.C.Hewasdepressedbytheconstantmoves. D.Hewasheart-struckbyaterribleaccident.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demotivated”inparagraph3mean?A.Discouraged. B.Relaxed. C.Embarrassed. D.Inspired.7.Whydidn’tStephen’smomhireababysitter?A.Thefamilywastoopoortohireababysitter. B.Thefamilycouldnotfindaproperbabysitter.C.Thechildrencouldactuallyentertainthemselves. D.Thechildrendidn’tliketobecaredforbyothers.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了知名作家斯蒂芬·金从悲惨的童年到成为畅销书作家的人生经历，探讨了家庭困境、个人挑战及其对恐怖故事的热爱。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.A7.C【4题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“TherecanbenodoubtthatStephenKing,NewYorkTime’sBest-Sellingauthor,hasfoundsuccessinmanyaspects,butitwasn’talwayslikethis.Kingwitnessedtragedyandhorrorsfromtheverybeginning.Whenhewas2yearsold,hisfathertoldhismomthathewasgoingouttogetcigarettesbutinfact,henevercameback,hehadabandonedhisfamily.(毫无疑问，《纽约时报》畅销书作家斯蒂芬·金在很多方面都取得了成功，但并不总是这样。金从一开始就目睹了悲剧和恐怖。当他两岁的时候，他的父亲告诉他妈妈他要出去买烟，但事实上，他再也没有回来，他抛弃了他的家庭)”以及第二段“ThislefthismotherRuthtocareforStephenandhiselderbrotherDavidonherown.Ruthwasforcedtomoveoften,desperatelylookingforworkasshewasnowtheonlyproviderofthefamily,andshehadtorelyonrelativesmostofthetime.OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.(这让他的母亲Ruth独自照顾斯蒂芬和他的哥哥大卫。Ruth被迫经常搬家，拼命地找工作，因为她现在是家里唯一的经济来源，她大部分时间都得依靠亲戚。有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，前面两段主要描述了StephenKing的悲惨的童年时期，包括他父亲的离开，他母亲独自抚养他和他哥哥的困难，以及他目睹朋友遭遇致命事故的心理创伤。这些都直接反映了他不幸的童年经历。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.(有一天，斯蒂芬和朋友们出去玩，当他回来的时候，他甚至不能说一个字，似乎他精神上受伤了还是怎么的，但他仍然有勇气继续前进。原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤)”可知，Stephen因为一位朋友被火车撞击致死的事故深受打击，导致他一时无法言语。故选D。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,(后来，金因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，并被告知他必须在第二年秋天再次入伍)”可知，金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，这是一件令人泄气的事，所以demotivated意为Discouraged“使泄气”之意。故选A。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomusedtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.(人们过去常常以他们对文学的热爱来认可金一家，事实上，每当斯蒂芬的妈妈出去时，她都不会雇保姆，因为孩子们过去常常互相读小说，这样他们就不会感到无聊)”可知，孩子们通过阅读相互陪伴，所以不需要额外雇用保姆。故选C。CItwaslongtheorizedthatpeoplemakedecisionsbasedonintegratedglobalcalculationsthatoccurwithinthefrontalcortex(额叶皮层)ofthebrain,whichisconsideredtheseatofhigher-orderthinking.However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.Thestudyofdecision-makinginratsmayhelpscientistsfindtherootsofflaweddecision-makingcommontomentalhealthdisorderssuchasaddiction,theauthorssay.Theyused-anewtooltomanipulate(操纵)braincircuitsinratswhiletheyweremakingchoicesbetweenactionsthatledtothemreceivingrewardsornorewards.Iftheratsmadetherightdecision,onethatendedinareward,oneofthebraincircuitswasactivated,butanotherwasactivatediftheratsmadethewrongchoiceandreceivednoreward.Thethirdcircuitstoredpastexperiencesanddecisionstohelptheratswithfuturechoices.StephanieGroman,leadauthoroftheresearchsays,“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.”Changesinthesecircuitsmayhelpexplainatypicalfeatureofaddiction—whypeoplecontinuetomakeharmfulchoicesevenafterrepeatednegativeexperiences.TheYaleresearcherspreviouslyshowedthatsomeofthesamebraincalculationsweredisrupted(扰乱)inanimalsthathadtakenmethamphetamine.“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans,”Gromansaid.8.HowwasYale’sresearchdifferentfromtheprevioustheory?A.Itdefinedthefunctionofdifferentbrainregions.B.Itidentifiedspecificcircuitsinvolvedindecision-making.C.Itfocusedontheconnectionbetweenchoicesandmemories.D.Ithighlightedtheroleofthefrontalcortexinhigher-orderthinking.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromStephanieGroman’swords?A.Memoriesarerelatedtoallthethreecircuits.B.Peoplebasetheirdecisionsonpersonalpreferences.C.Thethreecircuitsareallofvitalimportanceinmakingdecisions.D.Thecircuitrelatedtorewardsisthefoundationofdecidingwisely.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Thelimitationsofthepresentstudy. B.Adescriptionoftheresearchmethod.C.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings. D.Thepotentialapplicationoftheconclusion.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowpeoplegetaddictedandcuredB.HowmakingdecisionsinfluencesourbrainC.HowourbraindevelopswhenfacingchoicesD.Howthebrainhelpsusmakegooddecisionsandbadones【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大脑中的三个回路如何帮助我们做出好或坏的决定。〖答案〗8.B9.C10.D11.D【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(然而，耶鲁大学的研究人员发现，从额叶皮层连接到不同大脑区域的三个不同的大脑回路参与了做出好的决定和坏的决定，以及决定将哪些过去的选择存储在记忆中。)”可知，耶鲁大学的研究与之前不同在于它确定了参与决策的特定回路。故选择B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Acomparisonwouldbedecidingonarestaurantfordinner.Forinstance,withoutthe‘goodchoice’circuityoumaynotreturntotherestaurantwithgoodfoodandwithoutthe‘badchoice’circuityoumightnotavoidtherestaurantwithbadfood.Thethird‘memory’circuitiscrucialinmakingdecisionssuchaswhethertoreturntotherestaurantafterreceivingonebadmealafterseveralgoodones.(一个比较是决定在一家餐厅用餐。例如，如果没有“好的选择”循环，可能不会的回到食物好吃餐厅；如果没有“坏的选择”回路，你可能无法避开带食物不好的餐厅。第三个“记忆”回路在做出决定时至关重要，比如在吃了几顿好饭之后，是否要回到餐厅。)”可知这三个回路对于我们作出决定都有着至关重要的影响，故选择C项。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Becauseweusedatestthatissimilartothoseusedinstudiesofhumandecisionmaking,ourfindingshavedirectrelevancetohumansandcouldaidinthesearchfornoveltreatmentsforsubstanceabuseinhumans(因为我们使用的测试与人类决策研究中使用的测试相似，我们的发现与人类有直接相关性，有助于寻找治疗人类药物滥用的新方法)”可知本段主要讲述的是研究结论的潜在应用。故选择D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Yaleresearchershavefoundthatthreedistinctbraincircuitsfromthefrontalcortexconnectingtodifferentbrainregionsareinvolvedinmakinggooddecisions,badones,anddeterminingwhichofthosepastchoicestostoreinmemory.(耶鲁大学的研究人员发现，从额叶皮层连接到不同大脑区域的三个不同的大脑回路参与了做出好的决定和坏的决定，以及决定将过去的哪些选择存储在记忆中)”可知本文主要讲述的是大脑如何帮助我们作出好或坏的决定，故选择D项。DNowadays,theworldisslowlybecomingahigh-techsocietyandwearenowsurroundedbytechnology.FacebookandTwitterareinnovativetools;textmessagingisstillasomewhatexistingphenomenonandevene-mailisonlyaflashingspotonthescreenwhencomparedwithourlonghistoryofsnailmail.Nowweadoptthesetoolstothepointofessentialness,andonlyrarelyconsiderhowwearemorefundamentallyaffectedbythem.Socialmedia,textingande-mailallmakeitmucheasiertocommunicate,gatherandpassinformation.Buttheyalsopresentsomedangers.Byremovinganyrealhumanengagement,theyenableustodevelopourabnormalself-lovewithouttheriskofdisapprovalorcriticismtheatricalmetaphor(隐喻),thesenewformsofcommunicationprovideastageonwhichwecreateourowncharacters,hiddenbehindafourthwalloftweets,statusupdatesandtexts.Thisunrealstateofunconcerncanbecomeaddictiveasweseparateourselvesasafedistancefromthecrueltyofourfleshlylives,whereweareimperfect,powerlessandinsignificant.Inessence,wehavebeenprovidednotonlythemeanstobemorefree,butalsotobecomenew,tocreateandprotectamoreperfectselftotheworld.Aswebecomemorereliantonthesetools,theybecomemoreapartofourdailyroutineandsowebecomemorerestrictedinthisfantasy.Soitisthatweliveinacoldera,wherenamesandfacesrepresenttwodifferentlevelsofcloseness,whereworkingrelationshipsoccuronlythroughthemagicofemailandwherelovecanstartorendbytextmessage.Anenvironmentsuchasthisreducesinterpersonalrelationshipstomeredigitalexchanges.Wouldacelebrityhavebeensodaringtodosomethingdishonorableifhehadhadtodoitinperson?Doubtful.Itseemshemighthavebeenlostinafantasyworldthatultimatelyconvincedhimselfintobelievingthedigitalselfcouldobeydifferentrulesandregulations,asifhecouldcontinuallypushthelimitsofwhat’sacceptablewithoutfacingtheconsequencesof“reallife.”12.Theauthorcomparese-mailwithsnailmailtoshow________.A.theinfluenceofhigh-techonourlife B.thehistoryofdifferenttypesofmailsC.thevalueoftraditionalcommunications D.therapiddevelopmentofsocialmedia13.Whatcanweknowaboutnewcommunicationtools?A.Destroyingourlifetotally. B.Posingmoredangersthangood.C.Helpingustohideourfaults. D.Replacingtraditionalletters.14.Whatisthepotentialthreatcausedbythenovelcommunicationtools?A.Shelteringusfromvirtuallife. B.Removingface-to-faceinteraction.C.Leadingtofalsementalperception. D.Makingusrelymoreonhi-techmedia.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Technologieshavechangedourrelationships.B.Thedigitalworldisarecipeforpushinglimits.C.Lovecanbebetterconveyedbytextmessage.D.Thedigitalself-neednottakeresponsibility.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了新型通讯工具如何影响人们的行为和认知，电子邮件等高科技通讯方式便利了沟通，但也可能让人隐藏缺点、产生错误心理认知，甚至挑战现实世界的规则与极限。〖答案〗12.A13.C14.C15.A【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“FacebookandTwitterareinnovativetools;textmessagingisstillasomewhatexistingphenomenonandevene-mailisonlyaflashingspotonthescreenwhencomparedwithourlonghistoryofsnailmail.(Facebook和Twitter是创新工具；短信仍然是一种存在的现象，与我们悠久的蜗牛邮件历史相比，即使是电子邮件也只是屏幕上的一个亮点)”和第二段“Socialmedia,textingande-mailallmakeitmucheasiertocommunicate,gatherandpassinformation.(社交媒体、短信和电子邮件都让交流、收集和传递信息变得更加容易)”可知，随着科技的进步，人们传递信息和沟通更加方便，这种比较突出了高科技如何改变我们的生活方式和沟通方式。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Byremovinganyrealhumanengagement,theyenableustodevelopourabnormalself-lovewithouttheriskofdisapprovalorcriticismtheatricalmetaphor(隐喻),thesenewformsofcommunicationprovideastageonwhichwecreateourowncharacters,hiddenbehindafourthwalloftweets,statusupdatesandtexts.(通过消除任何真正的人类参与，它们使我们能够发展出异常的自爱，而不会有遭到反对或批评的风险。这些新的交流形式提供了一个舞台，我们可以在这个舞台上创造自己的角色，隐藏在推特、状态更新和文本这些看不到的墙后面)”可知，新的通讯工具让我们更容易隐藏真实的自己并且维持一个更完美的自己，由此可推出它们在一定程度上帮助我们隐藏了自己的不足。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Itseemshemighthavebeenlostinafantasyworldthatultimatelyconvincedhimselfintobelievingthedigitalselfcouldobeydifferentrulesandregulations,asifhecouldcontinuallypushthelimitsofwhat’sacceptablewithoutfacingtheconsequencesof‘reallife.’(他似乎迷失在一个幻想世界中，最终说服自己相信数字自我可以遵守不同的规则和条例，就好像他可以在不面临‘现实生活’后果的情况下不断突破可接受的极限)”可知，新型通讯工具会让人们可能陷入一种虚拟世界而逐渐忘记自己的现实生活，这种错误的认知可能会导致人们对自己的行为和决策产生误导，做出一些不合理的事情。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Soitisthatweliveinacoldera,wherenamesandfacesrepresenttwodifferentlevelsofcloseness,whereworkingrelationshipsoccuronlythroughthemagicofemailandwherelovecanstartorendbytextmessage.Anenvironmentsuchasthisreducesinterpersonalrelationshipstomeredigitalexchanges.(因此，我们生活在一个寒冷的时代，名字和面孔代表着两种不同程度的亲密关系，工作关系只能通过电子邮件的魔力发生，爱情可以通过短信开始或结束。这样的环境将人际关系简化为纯粹的数字交流)”以及下段可知，这里主要讲述了新的通讯工具使得人们的沟通跨越了时间和距离，这使得人际关系简化为纯粹的数字交流，此外，人们还有可能因为迷失在虚拟世界而产生错误的认知影响现实世界，故由此可推出，科技推动通讯工具的进步也逐渐改变了人们的沟通交流方式，从而科技改变了人们之间的关系。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Findyourpassion!”Whendiscussingfuturecareeroptionsorselectingamajorincollege,yourparentsoftensaythis.Theveryexpressionismeanttoinspire.Butisitgoodadvice?“Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.___16___Tostudythis,researchersuseaframeworkof“fixed”and“growth”mindsets.Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.___17___Incontrast,peoplewhoviewinterestsandpassionsasdevelopedhaveagrowthmindsetofinterest.Researchershaverevealedthatafixedmindsetofinterestcandecreasecreativity.Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.___18___Evidently,peoplecandoalottoembraceagrowthmindsetofinterest.First,realizethatyourinterestsandpassionsaren’tpre-existing.Takeanactiveroleindevelopingyourpassions.Second,practisepositiveself-talk.Whenyoulackinterestinanewtask,payattentiontoyourinnerdialogue.___19___Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”___20___Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.A.Socanagrowthmindsetofinterestbetaught?B.Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.C.Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.D.Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.E.Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.F.Don’texpectthatpursuingnewinterestswillalwaysbeeasyorexciting.G.Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章批判了“找到你的激情”这个观点，认为激情是培养出来的，要秉持兴趣成长型心态，这会帮助你保持开放和好奇，有助于培养激情。〖答案〗16.B17.C18.E19.G20.D【16题详析】根据上文““Finding”apassionimpliesthatitalreadyexistsandissimplywaitingtobediscovered.Unfortunately,thisideaisnotwhatsciencetellsus.(“找到”激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现。不幸的是，科学并没有告诉我们这个想法)”可知，科学表明“激情”并非存在某个地方，等待被发现；由此可知，激情是需要培养的。B项“Insteadpassions,likeinterests,aredeveloped.(相反，激情和兴趣一样，是需要培养的)”符合题意。故选B。【17题详析】根据上文“Theyarguethatencouragingpeopleto“find”theirpassionmaycausethemtoeventuallybelievethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable.(他们认为，鼓励人们“找到”自己的激情可能会使他们最终相信兴趣和激情是天生的，相对来说是不可改变的)”推知，相信激情和兴趣是可以找到的人，大有可能认为激情和兴趣是不可改变的，即他们有一种固定的兴趣心态。C项“Peoplewhothinkthishaveafixedmindsetofinterest.(这么想的人有一种固定的兴趣心态)”符合题意，this指代上文“believethatinterestsandpassionsareinbornandrelativelyunchangeable”。故选C。【18题详析】根据上文“Ifpeoplebelievetheyarelimitedtoonlyafewinborninterestsand,inconsequence,donotexploreotherareas,theymaymissseeingimportantconnectionsacrossdomains.(如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，因此不去探索其他领域，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系)”可知，如果人们认为他们只局限于一些天生的兴趣，他们可能会错过跨领域的重要联系；空处位于段末，应对上文进行总结。E项“Assuch,seeinginterestsasfixedlimitstheircreativepotential.(因此，将兴趣视为固定的限制了他们的创造潜力)”符合题意，creativepotential呼应上文exploreotherarea。故选E。【19题详析】根据下文“Forexample,change“I’mnotinterestedinthis”to“I’mnotinterestedinthisyet,butIknowthatinterestcandevelopwithtimeandengagement.”(例如，将“我对这个不感兴趣”改为“我对这个还不感兴趣，但我知道兴趣会随着时间和投入而发展。”)”可知，当我们对某个东西不感兴趣时，要用积极的想法代替消极的想法。G项“Replaceself-criticalthoughtswithpositiveonesthatencouragegrowthandlearning.(用鼓励成长和学习的积极想法取代自我批评的想法)”符合题意，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选G。【20题详析】根据下文“Butagrowthmindsetofinterestwillhelpyouremainopenandcurious.Thesciencetellsusweshouldworktowardlovingwhatwedo.Wemightbecomemorecreativeandresilientasaresult.(但兴趣的成长型心态会帮助你保持开放和好奇。科学告诉我们，我们应该努力去热爱我们所做的事情。因此，我们可能会变得更有创造力和耐力)”中的But可知，空处内容与下文为转折关系。D项“Ofcourse,noteveryactivitywillbecomeaburningpassion.(当然，并不是每一项活动都会成为一种燃烧的激情)”符合语境，虽然并非每项活动都会成为激情，但保持兴趣成长型心态有助于让人们保持开放和好奇。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AftermymothersufferedfromAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默病),theplantsinourhousebegantodie.Inyearspast,Irememberthedeep,earthysmellthatwould____21____inourhouseaftermymotherhadmadeherweeklywateringrounds.Backthen,Ineverconnecteditwiththecarethatwasatthe____22____ofeverythingshedid.Butnow,leaveswere____23____,somedryandedgedwithbrown,andmanyofthestems(茎)bare.Itwasamarkofhowmymothercannolongerattendtoallthethingsthatshelovinglycaredfor.Iwassofocusedontheincreasing____24____ofherowncarethatherbelovedplantshadescapedmy____25____.Ibeganheroldrounds,pouringwaterintothethirstysoil,andsoontheplants____26____.That’sthethingabouthouseplants:Theydemandnothing.Theywaitquietly,nomatterhow____27____theyare.Butevenaftermybest____28____,someoftheplantscouldn’tsurvive.Mymother’skindcaregivershavesincebroughtnewonestoaddtoher____29____,andmyfatherbuysfreshflowerseveryweek.ThoughAlzheimer’sdisease____30____somuchofhermemory,herdesiretocareisstillthere.Iwouldguideherdownthestepstowatertheplantsherself.Iwatchedashershakinghandspickedthebrownleaves.Eachtime,shesmiledupatmewith____31____satisfactionbecausebeingableto____32____somethingisstill,whatbringsherthegreatestjoy.Ilookatplants____33____thesedays.Iseethemasmymotherdoes:____34____remindersoftheneedforkindnesstowardalllivingthings.Itiscleartomethatthethingswespendalifetime____35____arenevertrulylostandtheloveshehasplantedinmestillblooms(开花).21.A.pileon B.riseup C.comeover D.wanderoff22.A.beginning B.top C.foundation D.thought23.A.dropping B.appearing C.turning D.waving24.A.processes B.possibilities C.goals D.demands25.A.desire B.memory C.protection D.notice26.A.recovered B.absorbed C.dried D.shone27.A.lonely B.helpless C.thirsty D.anxious28.A.contributions B.attempts C.choices D.explorations29.A.collection B.love C.sharing D.amusement30.A.recalls B.hides C.steals D.escapes31.A.deep B.passing C.slight D.longing32.A.livewith B.findout C.carefor D.focuson33.A.definitely B.curiously C.strangely D.differently34.A.final B.quiet C.permanent D.quick35.A.growing B.seeking C.expecting D.saving【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。“我”的母亲平时喜欢照料院子里的花花草草，在母亲得了阿尔茨海默病之后，院子里的花草开始凋零，“我”也注意到自己忽略了它们，于是“我”开始认真照料它们，身边的亲朋好友也会给母亲带来新的花草，这让母亲非常开心，“我”也意识到植物无声地提醒我们需要善待所有的生物，我们花了一生的时间培育的东西永远不会真正失去，母亲在“我”身上种下的爱仍然盛开。〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去的岁月里，我记得母亲每周浇完水后，我们家就会飘起浓浓的泥土味。A.pileon堆积；B.riseup上升；C.comeover顺便拜访；D.wanderoff走散。根据“aftermymotherhadmadeherweeklywateringrounds”可知，此处是指飘起浓浓的泥土味。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我从来没有把它和以她所做的一切为基础的照料联系在一起。A.beginning开始；B.top顶部；C.foundation基础；D.thought思考。根据“ofeverythingshedid”和“thecarethat”可知，此处是指以她所做的一切为基础的照料。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，叶子在掉落，有些干了，边缘呈褐色，许多茎都光秃秃的。A.dropping掉落；B.appearing出现；C.turning拐弯；D.waving摆动。根据“somedryandedgedwithbrown”可知，此处是指叶子在掉落。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我太专注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心爱的植物都没有被我注意到。A.processes过程；B.possibilities可能性；C.goals目标；D.demands要求。根据前文“AftermymothersufferedfromAlzheimer’sdisease(在我母亲患阿尔茨海默病之后)”可知，此处是指“我”太专注对她本身的照料的要求。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我太专注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心爱的植物都没有被我注意到。A.desire愿望；B.memory记忆；C.protection保护；D.notice注意。根据“Iwassofocusedon”可知，此处是指没有注意到母亲心爱的植物。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始了她的老惯例，把水倒进干渴的土壤里，植物很快就恢复了生机。A.recovered恢复；B.absorbed吸收；C.dried使干燥；D.shone照耀。根据“pouringwaterintothethirstysoil,andsoontheplants”可知，此处是指植物很快恢复了生机。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们安静地等待，不管有多渴。A.lonely孤独的；B.helpless无助的；C.thirsty渴的；D.anxious焦虑的。根据“pouringwaterintothethirstysoil”可知，此处是指不管有多渴。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使我尽了最大的努力，有些植物还是无法存活。A.contributions贡献；B.attempts努力；C.choices选择；D.explorations探索。根据“evenaftermybest”可知，此处是指尽管做了最大的努力。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，好心的照顾我母亲的人给她带来了一些新的花，增加了她的收藏，我父亲每周都会买鲜花。A.collection收藏；B.love爱；C.sharing共享；D.amusement娱乐。根据“Mymother’skindcaregivershavesincebroughtnewonestoaddtoher”可知，此处是指增加了母亲的收藏。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然阿尔茨海默病偷走了她的很多记忆，但她照顾的愿望仍然存在。A.recalls回忆；B.hides隐藏；C.steals偷；D.escapes逃跑。根据“Alzheimer’sdisease”可知，此处是指阿尔茨海默病偷走了她的很多记忆。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一次，她都带着深深的满足对我微笑，因为能够照顾一些东西仍然是她最大的快乐。A.deep深深的；B.passing暂时的；C.slight轻微的；D.longing渴望的。根据“whatbringsherthegreatestjoy”可知，此处是指带着深深的满足。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每一次，她都带着深深的满足对我微笑，